What drives green development in China: public pressure or the willingness of local government?

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - With China already committing to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060, green development is urgent....     

不同组分鼠李糖脂的胶束性质及其对三氯生的增溶作用

测定了铜绿假单胞杆菌诱变株MIG-N146产鼠李糖脂粗提物（RL-CE）及经柱层析分离纯化得到的单糖脂（RL-F1）和双糖脂（RL-F2）的表面性能及胶束性质,并通过溶解平衡实验考察了这3种组分对极性疏水物质三氯生的增溶作用.结果表明,RL-CE、RL-F1、RL-F2的临界胶束浓度CMC值分别为60.31、43.82...     

政府绿色采购制度的理论探讨与实践选择

政府绿色采购制度是建立可持续消费模式的重要突破口和重要手段。运用这一手段,可以加强环境保护和资源节约,促进绿色产业和绿色市场的成长,推动可持续生产和可持续消费模式的建立。我国建立和实施政府绿色采购制度的时机、技术和市场条件已经基本成熟。建议国家采取积极的政策手段,加大推动力度;积极建立和完善制度和机制,加强监管;开展试点示范,加快绿色采购工具包的开发,推进政府绿色采购制度有效实施,有效促进我国环境友好型社会的建设。     

污泥好氧消化的研究现状及发展趋势

污泥好氧消化是一种有效实用的污泥稳定技术 ,适用于处理量较小 (≤ 2 0 0 0 0m3 /d)的污水处理厂。在分析中 ,对污泥好氧消化的 3种工艺 (CAD、A/AD、ATAD)的工艺原理、影响参数及研究现状进行了详细的介绍 ,并在对国内外文献进行总结的基础上 ,分析了污泥好氧消化的研究方向与发展趋势     

被动式爆炸抑制技术

对近年来国外发展的水袋墙爆炸抑制技术、金属蜂窝填充材料爆炸抑制技术、非金属填充材料爆炸抑制技术以及涂层抗爆技术的应用情况作了介绍,分析其工作原理,在此基础上对这些技术进行了综合对比.     

Indoor air pollution from solid fuel on children pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

An updated systematic review was conducted to assessing on the association between indoor air pollution caused by household energy consumption and childhood pneumonia in low- and middle-income countries. We performed a meta-analysis from the electronic databases of PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, EMBASE. Studies were selected when they reported childhood pneumonia or ALRI in relation to indoor air pollution resulted from solid fuel. Studies must provide results on exposure prevalence of children aged below 5 years from Asia or Africa. We devoted ourselves to identifying randomized controlled experiments and observational epidemiological researches, which revealed the relation between household usage of solid fuel and childhood pneumonia. Among 1954 articles, 276 were reviewed thoroughly and 16 conduced to such a meta-analysis. It was found that there is a significant relationship between the solid fuel combustion and increasing risk of childhood pneumonia (OR?=?1.66, 95%CI 1.36–2.02). The summary odds ratios from biomass use and mixed fuel use were, respectively, 1.86 (95%CI 1.15–3.02) and 1.58 (95%CI 1.38–1.81), with substantial between study heterogeneity (I²?=?87.2% and 29.2%, respectively). According to the subgroup analysis along with the meta-regression analysis, the risk of using solid fuel in Asian regions is higher than that in African regions. Studies based on non-hospital participates (I²?=?49.5%) may also a source of heterogeneity. We found that indoor air pollution generated by the usage of solid fuel might be a significant risk factor for pneumonia in children and suggested improving the indoor air quality by promoting cleaner fuel will be important in undeveloped countries.

     

磁性粒子/介孔碳的合成及其吸附性能

以介孔分子筛SBA-15为模板,采用三氯化铁和蔗糖同步浇铸的方法,利用纳米刻蚀技术合成了Fe-Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子/介孔碳复合体(简称磁性粒子/介孔碳)。XRD分析和高分辨透射电子显微镜表征结果表明,磁性粒子/介孔碳中含有强磁性粒子——Fe3O4和α-Fe。在初始罗丹明B质量浓度为200 mg/L的溶液中加入于碳化温度为800 oC下制得的磁性粒子/介孔碳1 mg/L,吸附190 min后,平衡吸附量为329 mg/g。吸附后的磁性粒子/介孔碳在乙醇中的脱附率可达93.7%。通过外加磁场可将吸附后的磁性粒子/介孔碳与溶液分离。     

烟尘在线监测开发与应用

针对监测数据反馈时间长,不利于指导生产的问题,实施了球团厂烟尘在线监测系统,实现了监测数据及时反馈并用于指导生产过程控制和除尘设施维护,取得良好效果。     

全地面汽车起重机制动安全性能分析

在对全地面多轴汽车起重机进行结构分析和受力分析的前提下,着重研究了多轴汽车起重机整机、制动系统及各组成部分对整车制动安全性能的影响,并以ＱＹＵ１６０ 为例,对整车制动安全性能进行了分析计算和试验研究,两者结果相吻合。     

洪湖湿地鹭科鸟类组织中有机氯农药的分布特征及风险评价

利用气相色谱-电子俘获检测器(GC-ECD)测定了洪湖鹭科鸟类(包括白鹭、池鹭)的胸脯肌肉、肝脏组织中的有机氯农药(OCPs)的含量.结果显示,鹭科鸟体内六六六(HCHs)、滴滴涕(DDTs)、六氯代苯、艾氏剂、七氯、环氧七氯等大部分有机氯农药均有检出.白鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:11.3—89.4 ng.g-1和162—2149 ng.g-1(以脂重计,下同),平均值分别为37.3 ng.g-1和943 ng.g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:3.73—30.6 ng.g-1和280—957 ng.g-1,平均值分别为14.6 ng.g-1和566 ng.g-1.池鹭肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:3.61—25.8 ng.g-1和68.4—261 ng.g-1,平均值分别为11.5 ng.g-1和189 ng.g-1;肝脏组织中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:6.63—18.9 ng.g-1和147—1305 ng.g-1,平均值分别为13.1 ng.g-1和553 ng.g-1.统计分析显示,HCHs和DDTs在洪湖鹭科鸟组织中的含量差异均不显著(P>0.05).分析结果表明,洪湖湿地系统可作为有机氯污染的潜在源区,而候鸟可成为有机污染物在繁殖地与越冬地之间的传输介质.洪湖地区鹭鸟体内有机氯污染与全球其它地区相比处于较低水平,有机氯农药尚未对本区鸟类产生威胁.