长江中上游川鄂湘三省玉米资源及生产发展方向

论述四川、湖北、湖南三省发展玉米生产的重要性，分析玉米资源分布、生产状况和生产特点。指出玉米合理布局的方向。是以集中产区为重点，建设玉米生产专业化区域化区、并以建立商品基地县作为突破口，同时，挖掘一般产区的生产潜力，开展新区。提出依靠科学技术的进步发展玉米生产。在玉米生产基地，建立玉（米）工商经济环流体系，发展饲料、饲养、畜产品加工一条龙联合企业。     

SCREENING THE RELOCATION STRATEGIES OF WATER QUALITY MONITORING STATIONS BY COMPROMISE PROGRAMMING1

Water quality monitoring network designs historically have tended to use experience, intuition, and subjective judgment in siting monitoring stations only sporadically. Better design procedures for optimizing monitoring systems with respect to multiple criteria decision analysis had rarely been put into practice up front when the needs for intensive monitoring became critical. This paper describes a systematic relocation strategy that is organized to identify several significant planning objectives and consider a series of inherent constraints simultaneously. The planning objectives considered in this analysis are designed to enhance the detection possibility for lower compliance areas, reflect the emphasis for different attainable water uses at different locations, promote the potential detection for the lower degradation areas of pollutants, increase the protection degree of those areas with higher population density in the proximity of the river system, and strengthen the pre‐warning capability of water quality for water intakes. The constraint set contains the limitations of budget, the equity implication, and the detection sensitivity in the water environment. A case study in the Kao‐Ping River Basin, South Taiwan, demonstrates the application potential of this methodology based on a seamless integration between the optimization and the simulation models. It enables identification of the optimal locational pattern stepwise using the embedded screening and sequencing capacity in a compromise programming model. However, a well calibrated and verified water quality model is an indispensable tool in support of this multiobjective evaluation. Extra sampling procedures become necessary for the sites with sparse environmental information. Comparison of planning outcomes of compromise programming is made against previously achieved analyses by using weighted programming and fuzzy programming.     

珠江三角洲经济区可持续发展中的水环境问题

对珠江三角洲经济区水环境现状和污染源进行了分析，指出生活污染是当前最大的污染源。首次提出了用于宏观评价水资源承载力和水环境可持续性的“水资源质量损失系数”、“水资源质量修复系数”和“水资源质量损失量”的概念及计算方法，据此预算了2002、2010和2020年珠江三角注经济区水资源净损失量分别达0．95、1．41和1．70亿m^3，相当于该区的73．4、101．4和116．2万人口年生活用水总量。各市现状水环境质量优劣排序是江门、肇庆、惠州、佛山、深圳、珠海、广州、中山和东莞。     

Anaerobic biodegradability of terephthalic acid andits inhibitory effect on anaerobic digestion

ＡｎａｅｒｏｂｉｃｂｉｏｄｅｇｒａｄａｂｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｔｅｒｅｐｈｔｈａｌｉｃａｃｉｄａｎｄｉｔｓｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙｅｆｆｅｃｔｏｎａｎａｅｒｏｂｉｃｄｉｇｅｓｔｉｏｎＫｕａｎｇＸｉｎ；ＷａｎｇＪｕｓｉ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－Ｅ...     

GIS在危险废物管理系统中的应用研究

文章在分析危险废物管理现状的基础上,提出危险废物管理系统数据库的设计及其连接.利用GIS的空间分析功能,将危险废物管理、计算机技术和GIS信息技术结合在一起,建立一个快捷、方便、科学的管理和决策支持的信息系统.在城市的危险废物管理方面起到一定的作用.     

合成有机化合物的生物降解性研究

合成有机化合物的生物降解性研究,为预测各类化合物在环境中的滞留与影响,为某些化合物的生产、实用及向环境中排放提供立法的依据,以及对开发更有效的生物处理技术均有重要意义。本文从合成有机化合物生物降解性研究的意义、研究方法、化合物化学组成和结构与生物降解性的关系等方面,介绍了国内外研究工作的进展情况,并对苯及烷基苯类、芳香酸及其脂类、酚类、含氯有机物和含氮芳香化合物的生物降解规律和降解途径进行了综述。     

韩国南汉河的浮游植物及营养水平

对韩国南汉河的浮游植物进行了周年的调查,结果显示,该河浮游植物的种类组成以绿藻为主,占总种类数的５１．４％,其次为硅藻和蓝藻,分别占总种类数的２６．７％和１２．４％,其它４门藻类共计仅发现１０种,占９．５％。细胞密度以蓝藻的贡献最大,占总细胞密度的３６％￣７０．７％,绿藻次之,硅藻居第三位。相反,蓝藻的生物量却远不及硅藻和绿藻,硅藻对总生物量的贡献最高时可达９３．７％。各站平均,浮游植物的细胞密度     

活性污泥培养初期溶解氧(DO)的控制

活性污泥培养初期,由于污泥尚未大量形成,细菌消耗的营养和溶解氧少,曝气量大大少于稳定运行期间的曝气量。以缙云污水处理厂为例,对培养初期污泥沉降比(SV30)与溶解氧(DO)以及化学需氧量(COD)去除率之间的关系进行了探讨。     

高密度聚乙烯防渗材料的抗老化性能研究

对我国大陆首次研制成功的高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）防渗材料在浸泡条件下的抗化学老化性能进行了系统测试,并与美国产品进行了比较。结果表明：在氢氧化钠溶液、１６．７％硝酸、３３．３％硝酸和三氯乙烯４种溶液中长期浸泡后,国产产品抗化学老化性能指标分别为０．７７５、２．８、３．１５和３．１５,已经全面达到国际水平。     

Sorption of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) by clays and organoclays

This study focused on the sorption isotherms of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethane (p,p'-DDT) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE) on different original clays (i.e., zeolite, montmorillonite and attapulgite) and organoclay complexes. Sorption of organic pollutants was determined using gas chromatographic (GC) techniques to investigate the sorption behavior, and characterize the effect of, different organic cations. The original clays only sorbed low amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE, and the sorptive curves can be classified as L-shaped. Organoclays exhibited higher amounts of p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption increased with increasing total organic carbon (OC) content of the organoclays. For hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA)-modified organoclays, the dominant adsorptive medium showed the partitioning sorption of hydrophobic-hydrophobic interaction, indicating no competitive sorption. The sorptive curves can be classified as C-shaped of constant partition (CP). However, benzyltrimethylammonium (BTMA)-modified organoclays exhibited competitive sorption. The sorption isotherm curves can be classified as S-shaped. The sorptive capacity of the HDTMA-modified organoclays for p,p'-DDT were higher than those for p,p'-DDE, but the BTMA-modified organoclays showed a reverse trend. This can be attributed to the different structures and shapes of organic cations, giving different sorptive mechanisms. The p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE sorption onto HDTMA-modified organoclays were caused by chemical interaction, with the BTMA modified organoclays occuring due to physical sorption.