TGGE法对水源热泵水体中细菌种群多样性及动态变化的研究

采用TGGE(Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis)方法对水源热泵水体的细菌群落结构进行了分析,首先提取水体微生物的总DNA,扩增16S V3区片段,然后进行TGGE分析。TGGE图谱的初步分析结果表明,安康湖水样中的细菌丰富度较高。在空调制冷期,细菌群落结构波动较大;而在空调制热期,细菌群落结构波动较小,说明夏季空调制冷期对水体的影响较大。相似性及聚类分析表明,空调运行的持续时间的长短及运行负荷的大小决定热泵尾水排放所影响的水域范围,尤其是对取水口处的影响。序列分析结果显示,水体中细菌属于3大类群:变形杆菌(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌(Bacteroides)。     

Photoelectro-Fenton treatment of pesticide triclopyr at neutral pH using Fe(III)–EDDS under UVA light or sunlight

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - One of the main challenges of electrochemical Fenton-based processes is the treatment of organic pollutants at near-neutral pH. As a potential...     

Construction of Circular Economy Industrial System

It is difficult to realize the transformation from traditional economy industrial system to circular economy industrial system. Regarding primary raw materials as the indicators, the industrial system has been specified according to the divergence among the indicators and the circular utilization modes. In comparison with the association among industrial systems, the relationship among industrial sub-systems is named as industrial cross-linking in this paper. The industrial system which could completely utiLize and recycle the indicators shouM be increased and strengthened, and the circular economy industrial system with complete industrial association and industrial cross-linking should also be constructed. Taking the development of circular agricultural system basing on the traditional agricultural system as an example, the traditional agricultural products are regarded as the indicators which have been divided into foodstuff and crop straws which are used to produce food and articles for use, Like fertilizer, energy and papers etc. The way to construct the circular agricultural industrial system is to increase the industrial systems that could utilize the products generated from crop straws, feces and other castoffs and transform the wastewater and other trucks into environmental friendly products. It has also been pointed out that the construction of circular economy industrial system is conducive to the foundation of circular industrial economics and the establishment of the construction layout of circular economy and the application schemes. Suggestions to the theoretical and practical work of the next step have also been brought forward in this paper.     

关于开辟珲春防川自由港问题的探讨

港口资源的开发对区域经济社会的发展具有重要意义。本文着重分析了珲春防川建立自由港的国内外环境特点:(1)港口位于东北亚轴心与经济枢纽部位;(2)环日本海各国间存在着较强的资源、技术、劳动力、资金等生产要素的不平衡;(3)建港地区的开发已经令周边各国瞩目;(4)建港地区具有开发的内在优势。提出珲春防川自由港类型选择及建设步骤。对东北地区的开发和我国全方位开放具有重要的参考价值。     

人口,资源,环境与发展系统研究的基本思路

人口、资源、环境与发展问题相互关联,构成了一个复杂巨系统。应用系统科学的思想方法研究这个复杂巨系统,是当前最令人注目的重大学术领域。本文探讨了这一系统研究的范围框架、基本内容结构和研究方法,建立了针对我国实际问题的系统概念模型。这一概念模型首次把人口、资源、环境、经济、科技、教育、文化等基本要素组织在一个完整的社会核算体系中。     

Cd~(2+) removal from wastewater by sulfate reducing bacteria with an anaerobic fluidized bed reactor

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绿色化学设计过程的定量化方法

通过对环境优先污染物的优化选择策略的研究，设计一种新的评价方法将化学物质对环境的影响定量化。具体先设计一个环境因子，尽量全面考虑到化学物质对环境的各种影响。用人力资本法对其进行经济评价，使最终通过化学物质的环境因子可得到定量化的经济影响。     

Advances in emission control of diesel vehicles in China

Diesel vehicles have caused serious environmental problems in China. Hence, the Chinese government has launched serious actions against air pollution and imposed more stringent regulations on diesel vehicle emissions in the latest China VI standard. To fulfill this stringent legislation, two major technical routes, including the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and high-efficiency selective catalytic reduction (SCR) routes, have been developed for diesel engines. Moreover, complicated aftertreatment technologies have also been developed, including use of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) for controlling carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, diesel particulate filter (DPF) for particle mass (PM) emission control, SCR for the control of NOx emission, and an ammonia slip catalyst (ASC) for the control of unreacted NH₃. Due to the stringent requirements of the China VI standard, the aftertreatment system needs to be more deeply integrated with the engine system. In the future, aftertreatment technologies will need further upgrades to fulfill the requirements of the near-zero emission target for diesel vehicles.     

A critical review of sulfate aerosol formation mechanisms during winter polluted periods

Sulfate aerosol contributes to particulate matter pollution and plays a key role in aerosol radiative forcing, impacting human health and climate change. Atmospheric models tend to substantially underestimate sulfate concentrations during haze episodes, indicating that there are still missing mechanisms not considered by the models. Despite recent good progress in understanding the missing sulfate sources, knowledge on different sulfate formation pathways during polluted periods still involves large uncertainties and the dominant mechanism is under heated debate, calling for more field, laboratory, and modeling work. Here, we review the traditional sulfate formation mechanisms in cloud water and also discuss the potential factors affecting multiphase S(Ⅳ) oxidation. Then recent progress in multiphase S(Ⅳ) oxidation mechanisms is summarized. Sulfate formation rates by different prevailing oxidation pathways under typical winter-haze conditions are also calculated and compared. Based on the literature reviewed, we put forward control of the atmospheric oxidation capacity as a means to abate sulfate aerosol pollution. Finally, we conclude with a concise set of research priorities for improving our understanding of sulfate formation mechanisms during polluted periods.     

统一国土空间用途管制制度的思考

近年来,统一国土空间用途管制,已提升到前所未有的国家战略部署层面,是一项带有全局意义的极其重要的改革任务。在系统梳理1949年以来国土空间用途管制制度演变的基础上,重点总结中国以往国土空间用途管制的主要特点,结果发现：贯彻落实用途管制制度,关键是把握好规划编制、实施许可、监督管理三大环节,统筹陆域、海域两类国土空间,差别化管理建设与非建设两种活动。结合制度建设的前提,提出构建统一国土空间用途管制制度的建议：（1）建立统一的国土空间用途管制控制线体系;（2）构建丰富有效的国土空间用途管制手段体系;（3）确立统一明晰的国土空间用途管制监管体系;（4）完善国土空间用途管制的相关法律法规体系。