城市交通与环境可持续发展指标体系评估系统研究——上海案例应用

可持续发展是一种将社会发展概念从单纯经济增长拓展到经济、社会、环境协调发展的城市发展新模式.交通环境的可持续发展在整个发展体系中占据着重要地位.本文针对目前大城市普遍面临的交通环境压力和经济、交通与环境系统的复杂性,通过构建经济-交通-环境间的压力与响应关系,建立了可用于"回顾过去、解析现状、瞻望未来"的城市交通环境可持续发展指标体系.采用隶属函数对单项指标进行标准化处理,对交通环境可持续发展综合指数的评价,采用层次分析法确定各指标的权重.采用Visual Basic 6.0及Office的Access 2000,开发了交通环境可持续发展指标体系评估系统,并以上海市为案例进行了研究.本系统的开发可为城市交通环境可持续状况评价及发展对策的制定提供技术支持.     

Comprehensive evaluation of spent mushroom substrate-chicken manure co-composting by garden waste improvement: physicochemical properties,humification process,and the spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The performance of garden waste on spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and chicken manure (CM) co-composting efficiency and humification is unclear....     

Characteristics of leachate from refuse transfer stations in rural China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The properties of leachate from refuse transfer stations (RTSs) in rural China were indefinite. In this study, a total of 14 leachate samples from...     

Rational construction of Co-promoted 1T-MoS2 nanoflowers towards high-efficiency 4-nitrophenol reduction

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Developing efficient and cost-effective non-noble metal catalysts for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) is of great...     

Effects of green spaces on alleviating mortality attributable to PM2.5 in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Increasing research suggested that green spaces are associated with many health benefits, but evidence for the quantitative relationship between green...     

USB反应器进行生物反硝化的研究现状与应用前景

综述了USB反应器进行生物反硝化的历史沿革、研究现状 ,并对其在研究中存在的问题进行了描述。最后 ,对USB反应器进行生物反硝化的应用前景作了科学的分析     

Considering climate change and regional differences: An efficiency assessment of coal mine use and land restoration

China is the country with the largest coal mining production and consumption in the world, but due to a large amount of coal burning, air pollution and climate change are exasperating related problems. The previous literature mainly has discussed coal mine production and environmental pollution, but failed to take into account external factors such as climate change and seldom discussed the relationship between coal mine land use and land restoration. Therefore, this study uses the meta-Epsilon-Based Measure two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis under the exogenous model and incorporates coal mine land use and land restoration use into the model to explore the relationship between the two under climate change. The research results are as follows. (1) If the external climate factors are not considered, then the phenomenon of overestimation or underestimation of the technology gap arises. (2) The efficiency value of the coal mining stage in most provinces is generally higher than the land restoration efficiency value.     

泸定6.8级地震农村居住建筑震害调查与分析∗

2022 年 9 月 5 日,四川省泸定县发生了 6.8 级地震,对泸定、石棉、汉源等地区的农村建筑造成严重影响。为了分析农村建筑的震害,对评估烈度为Ⅵ~Ⅸ度区域 12 个乡镇 35 个地点的农村建筑进行了现场调查,总结了砖砌体结构、木结构、石结构和生土结构的典型震害特征,并对 4 种结构的震害等级进行了统计和分析。结果表明：砖砌体结构房屋的严重破坏及倒塌占比为 4.2% 和 3.3%,且与构造措施有很大关系,未经正规设计且缺乏构造措施的砌体结构出现屋面破坏、局部甚至整体倒塌,但设有构造措施的砌体结构房屋保存较好;木结构建筑整体受损较轻,但由于本次泸定地震的竖向作用强烈,木屋盖破坏较为严重;石砌体结构和生土结构房屋,发生严重破坏和倒塌的比例较高,严重破坏占比分别为 7.2% 和 5.1%,倒塌占比分别为 10% 和 7%,破坏最为严重。山体滑坡、落石等次生灾害对建筑造成不同程度的损坏,是此次泸定地震的特征之一。针对此次泸定地震的破坏特征,建议农村建筑落实抗震措施,引入适用的新工艺;灾后恢复过程中,以房屋震损程度评估为基础,重建与加固相结合;同时,建议注重农村规划、选址的研究,降低地震次生灾害破坏;应当进行抗震科普宣传,加强农村工匠培训。     

西宁市农牧源氨排放清单及其分布特征

以西宁市为研究区域,通过实地调研获得西宁市农牧源活动水平数据,利用排放因子法编制了西宁市2018年农牧源氨排放清单.分析了西宁市农牧源氨排放特征,利用ArcGIS进行3 km×3 km的空间网格化分配,利用蒙特卡罗模拟对畜禽养殖和氮肥施用氨排放清单进行不确定性分析.结果表明,西宁市2018年农牧源氨排放总量为4 644...     

成都市餐饮源大气污染物排放清单研究

为全面、准确地获得成都市餐饮源大气污染物排放清单,针对成都市社会餐饮、家庭餐饮和食堂餐饮分别选择监测对象进行细颗粒物(PM2.5)、非甲烷总烃(NMHCs)、油烟、氮氧化物(NOx)、SO2和CO 6种大气污染物排放浓度监测.分别按照用油量、就餐人次和灶头风量3种核算依据计算了6种大气污染物的排放因子,并计算成都市餐饮...