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851.
采用高锰酸钾预氧化-缺氧/好氧生物铁法处理维生素B1厂乙酰嘧啶生产段实际废水,实验结果表明该组合工艺对嘧啶生产废水具有良好的处理效果:预氧化将嘧啶废水中大分子难降解乙酰嘧啶几乎全部转化为具有饱和碳氢键的小分子有机物,使乙酰嘧啶去除率达90%以上,且COD去除率在40%以上,BOD5/COD由0.17~0.23提高至0.35~0.44。通过与后续A/O生物铁工艺相结合,使COD、TN和氨氮总去除率分别达到93.3%、81.7%和78.6%,出水pH为6.6~7.5。 相似文献
852.
贸易开放、劳动力转移和就业 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
长久以来主流国际贸易模型中充分就业的假设使经济学界忽略了对贸易开放如何影响就业的分析,而哈里斯-托达罗模型则为此提供了一个可供扩展的框架.将哈里斯-托达罗模型扩展到存在贸易开放的情况后,本文发现如果一国的比较优势为制造品,贸易开放将会减少就业,这是因为制造品价格的提高会吸引更多的劳动力从农业向制造业转移,而制造业部门劳动力市场刚性的存在则阻碍了劳动需求的增加.为了研究我国改革开放以来贸易开放对就业的影响机制,并且考虑到就业的持续性,本文利用我国省际面板动态数据进行实证研究,并使用国有企业和政府部门劳动力占比度量我国劳动力市场刚性程度.实证研究结果发现当不考虑劳动市场刚性时,由于我国的比较优势是劳动密集型产品,贸易开放能增加就业;而当劳动力市场刚性较大时,劳动力转移过程反而促使贸易开放减少我国的就业,恰好验证了本文的理论分析结果.该文的政策含义则意味着政府应努力降低劳动力市场刚性以促使贸易开放增加就业. 相似文献
853.
854.
A solid phase extraction (SPE) method using pyrenebutyric acid-bonded silica (PYB) as sorbent was developed to determine 23 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sewage water by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Factors were optimized in SPE procedures including elution solvent, pH, and cartridge burden. The recoveries of 23 PCB congeners were 69.44-111.91% under optimized conditions. Comparisons were also conducted among PYB-SPE, C(18)-SPE and United States Environmental Protection Agency 608 (USEPA608) methods in the analysis of PCBs in sewage water samples. The results showed that the performance of PYB-SPE method was similar with USEPA608 method and better than C(18)-SPE method. Both PYB-SPE and USEPA608 methods were then employed to analyze PCBs in real spiked sewage water samples. The recoveries of PCB congeners determined by PYB-SPE method ranged from 70.6% to 92.4% in real spiked sewage water samples which were identified to be in accordance with USEPA608 method. Limits of detection (LOD) were in the range of 0.06-0.22ngL(-1) for PCB congeners. The optimized PYB-SPE method was successfully applied to the determination of PCBs in sewage water samples. 相似文献
855.
Planet Earth has experienced repeated changes of its climate throughout time. Periods warmer than today as well as much colder, during glacial episodes, have alternated. In our time, rapid population growth with increased demand for natural resources and energy, has made society increasingly vulnerable to environmental changes, both natural and those caused by man; human activity is clearly affecting the radiation balance of the Earth. In the session “Climate Change and Mitigation” the speakers offered four different views on coal and CO2: the basis for life, but also a major hazard with impact on Earth’s climate. A common denominator in the presentations was that more than ever science and technology is required. We need not only understand the mechanisms for climate change and climate variability, we also need to identify means to remedy the anthropogenic influence on Earth’s climate. 相似文献
856.
Ongoing eutrophication is changing the Baltic Sea ecosystem. Aquaculture causes relatively small-scale nutrient emissions,
but local environmental impact may be considerable. We used substance flow analysis (SFA) to identify and quantify the most
significant flows and stocks of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) related to rainbow trout aquaculture in Finland. In 2004–2007,
the input of nutrients to the system in the form of fish feed was 829 t N year−1 and 115 t P year−1. Around one-fifth of these nutrients ended up as food for human consumption. Of the primary input, 70% ended up in the Baltic
Sea, directly from aquaculture and indirectly through waste management. The nutrient cycle could be closed partially by using
local fish instead of imported fish in rainbow trout feed, thus reducing the net load of N and P to a fraction. 相似文献
857.
858.
The Fallacies of Concurrent Climate Policy Efforts 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Marian Radetzki 《Ambio》2010,39(3):211-222
Climate policy has assumed an extreme degree of urgency in the international debate in recent years. This article begins by
taking a critical look at the scientific underpinnings of the efforts to stabilize the climate. It points to several serious
question marks on the purported relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and global warming, and expresses distrust about
claims of impending catastrophes related to rising sea levels, hurricanes, and spread of infectious disease. It then reviews
the concurrent climate policy efforts and concludes that they are incoherent, misguided and unduly costly, and that they have
so far had no perceptible impact on anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. The exceedingly ambitious policy plans currently
under preparation suffer from similar fallacies. For these reasons, but also because of the remaining scientific doubts and
the exorbitant costs that have to be incurred, skepticism is expressed about the preparedness to implement the climate policy
plans currently on the table. 相似文献
859.
860.
Southern Chile encompasses one of the most extensive fjord regions of the world, the Patagonia, currently exposed to natural
and anthropogenic perturbations. These fjord ecosystems provide important services to humans, which have not been adequately
measured and valued. As a consequence, ecosystem services are commonly ignored in public policy design and in the evaluation
of development projects. Here we tackle questions that are highly relevant for the nation’s development, namely (1) understanding
fjord functioning, and (2) developing management strategies based on ecosystem services, in order to secure simultaneous and
adequate use of these ecosystems which area influenced by ecological (e.g., biogeochemical) and productive (e.g., aquaculture,
fisheries) processes. We also seek to strengthen the analysis of fjord ecosystem value from the economical (including coastal
zoning), socio-cultural, institutional, and governmental points of view. In addition, the investigation of current and future
effects of climate change on this large region offers a unique opportunity to understand the social and economic consequences
of a global phenomenon at local to regional scales. Biogeochemical and socio-economic models will be used to simulate future
scenarios under a gamut of management options. 相似文献