基于可持续发展视阈下城市生态规划的途径探析

随着经济全球化、城市化进程的加剧,城市生态的规划建设对社会经济发展起着至关重要的作用。从可持续发展视域探讨当前城市规划建设中存在的由规划滞后、规划重复、规划片面、执法不严等造成的城市规划环境污染、资源浪费和生态破坏的问题,提出构建城市生态规划的现实必然性和基本原则,从强化机制、转变观念、以人为本、健全法制、合理规划等角度探讨可持续发展视阈下城市生态规划的途径。     

超声/过硫酸盐降解阿特拉津实验研究

在磷酸盐缓冲液(PB)中考察了特定条件下超声/过硫酸盐(US/PS)降解阿特拉津(又称莠去津,ATZ)的效果并对其降解机理及动力学进行了探讨.结果显示,在恒温水浴20℃的pH7的PB中,PS、ATZ浓度分别为200、0.928μmol/L,US强度为0.88 W/mL,反应时间为60 min时,US/PS对ATZ的降解...     

The main anammox-based processes,the involved microbes and the novel process concept from the application perspective

• The PNA, denitratation/anammox, and DAMO/anammox process are reviewed together. • Denitratation/anammox-based process is promising in mainstream treatment. • DAMO and denitratation processes realize the higher nitrogen removal efficiency. • The utilization of metabolism diversity of functional microbe is worth exploring. • An effective waste treatment system concept is proposed. Anammox technology has been widely researched over the past 40-year from the laboratory-scale to full-scale. It is well-known that in actual applications, the solo application of anammox is not feasible. Since both ammonium and nitrite are prerequisites based on the reaction mechanism, the pre-treatment of wastewater is necessary. With the combination of anammox process and other pre-treatment processes to treat the actual wastewater, many types of anammox-based processes have been developed with distinct nitrogen removal performance. Thus, in order to heighten the awareness of researchers to the developments and accelerate the application of these processes to the treatment of actual wastewater, the main anammox-based processes are reviewed in this paper. It includes the partial nitritation/anammox process, the denitratation/anammox (PD/A) process, the denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation/anammox (DAMO/A) process, and more complex deuterogenic processes. These processes have made the breakthroughs in the application of the anammox technology, such as the combination of nitrification and PD/A process can achieve stability and reliability of nitrogen removal in the treatment of mainstream wastewater, the PD/A process and the DAMO/A have brought about further improvements in the total nitrogen removal efficiency of wastewater. The diversity of functional microbe characteristics under the specific condition indicate the wide application potential of anammox-based processes, and further exploration is necessary. A whole waste treatment system concept is proposed through the effective allocation of above mentioned processes, with the maximum recovery of energy and resources, and minimal environmental impact.     

Passive convergence-permeable reactive barrier (PC-PRB): An effective configuration to enhance hydraulic performance

● A novel PRB configuration based on passive convergent flow effect was proposed. ● A 2D finite-difference hydrodynamic model, PRB-Flow, was developed. ● PC-PRB can significantly enhance the hydraulic capture capacity of PRB. ● The PRB geometric dimensions and materials cost are effectively reduced. ● The dominant influential factor of the PC-PRB capture width is pipe length, L_p. A novel permeable reactive barrier (PRB) configuration, the so-called passive convergence-permeable reactive barrier (PC-PRB), is proposed to overcome several shortcomings of traditional PRB configurations, such as high dependency to site hydrogeological characteristics and plume size. The PC-PRB is designed to make the plume converge towards the PRB due to the passive hydraulic decompression-convergent flow effect. The corresponding passive groundwater convergence (PC) system is deployed upstream of the PRB system, which consists of passive wells, water pipes, and a buffer layer. A two-dimensional (2D) finite-difference hydrodynamic code, entitled PRB-Flow, is developed to examine the hydraulic performance parameters (i.e., capture width (W) and residence time (t)) of PC-PRB. It is proved that the horizontal 2D capture width (W_h) and vertical 2D capture depth (W_v) of the PC-PRB remarkably increase compared to that of the continuous reactive barrier (C-PRB). The aforementioned relative growth values in order are greater than 50% and 25% in this case study. Therefore, the PRB geometric dimensions as well as the materials cost required for the same plume treatment lessens. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the dominant factors influencing the hydraulic performance of the PC-PRB are the water pipe length (L_p), PRB length (L_PRB), passive well height (H_w), and PRB height (H_PRB). The discrepancy between the W_h of PC-PRB and that of the C-PRB (i.e., ΔW_h) has a low correlation with PRB parameters and mainly depends on L_p, which could dramatically simplify the PC-PRB design procedure. Generally, the proposed PC-PRB exhibits an effective PRB configuration to enhance hydraulic performance.     

Impact and trade off analysis of land use change on spatial pattern of ecosystem services in Chishui River Basin

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The motivation of this fundamental research is to reveal the response of ecosystem services to land use change and to support the sustainable...     

Do BRI policy and institutional quality influence economic growth and environmental quality? An empirical analysis from South Asian countries affiliated with the Belt and Road Initiative

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The effect of quality institutions on growth-environmental nexus is a generally ignored topic, especially in South Asia economies affiliated with the...     

Migration,Transformation and Removal of Macrolide Antibiotics in The Environment: A Review

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Macrolide antibiotics (MAs), as a typical emerging pollutant, are widely detected in environmental media. When entering the environment, MAs can...     

Settleability and dewaterability of sewage sludge with modified diatomite

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM)-modified diatomite and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified...     

逐级提取试验研究岩石中氟的化学活动性

使用逐级化学提取方法对岩石中氟元素的化学活动性进行了研究.结果表明,不同时代、不同类型岩石中氟的化学活动性具有很大的差异,碳酸盐岩中氟均具有很强的化学活动性,其中氟的可淋失比例一般高于75%;下寒武统黑色岩系中氟的化学活动性与岩石变质程度有关,变质程度较高的黑色碳质板岩中氟的可淋失比例一般小于黑色页岩、黑色硅质岩中氟的可淋失比例.磷块岩中氟的可淋失比例较高,而千枚岩中氟的可淋失比例一般较低;辉绿岩中氟的可淋失比例与原岩中氟含量存在正相关关系.不同时代的石煤中氟的化学活动性具有较大差异.下志留统石煤中氟的可淋失比例(平均为47.39%)一般高于下寒武统石煤中氟的可淋失比例(平均为29.43%).     

Phenanthrene adsorption by soils treated with humic substances under different pH and temperature conditions

The mobility of phenanthrene (PHE) in soils depends on its sorption and is influenced by either the existing soil humus or exogenous humic substances. Exogenous humic acids (HAs) were added to soil to enhance the amount of soil organic carbon (SOC) by 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 g kg⁻¹. PHE desorption of the treated soils was determined at two pH levels (3.0 and 6.0) and temperatures (15 and 25 °C). Soil PHE adsorption was related to pH and the type and quantity of added HAs. Humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) derived from peat had different effects on adsorption of PHE. Adsorption increased at first and then decreased with increasing quantity of exogenous FA. When the soil solution pH (in 0.005 M CaCl₂) was 4.5 or 3.0, the turning points were 2.5 g FA kg⁻¹ at pH 3.0 and 5 g FA kg⁻¹ at pH 4.5. When soil solution pH was 6, the amount of adsorbed PHE was enhanced with increasing exogenous HAs (HA or FA) and amount of adsorption by soil treated with FA was higher than with HA. Adsorption of PHE in the FA treatment at 10.0 g kg⁻¹ was lower than the controls (untreated soil or treatment with HAs at 0 g kg⁻¹) when the soil solution pH was 3.0. This suggests that FA adsorbed by soil was desorbed at low pH and would then increase PHE solubility, and PHE then combined with FA. PHE adsorption was usually higher under lower pH and/or lower temperature conditions. PHE sorption fitted the Freundlich isotherm, indicating that exogenous humic substances influenced adsorption of phenanthrene, which in turn was affected by environmental conditions such as pH and temperature. Thus, exogenous humic substances can be used to control the mobility of soil PAHs under appropriate conditions to decrease PAH contamination.