气力管道输送在垃圾收运领域的应用研究

气力管道输送应用于垃圾收运在国内尚处于起步阶段,开发该项技术目前还存在一定的技术困难,但若该技术能在环境领域成功应用,它将完全改变传统的垃圾收运模式,大大提高垃圾收集的效率,减小垃圾收运过程中对环境造成的影响。本文主要对该技术的优势及在国内应用的技术困难进行探讨,并在此基础上提出了解决方法。     

电子箔厂生产废水综合利用技术

本文主要探讨电子箔厂废水中Al^3＋回收及冲洗废水的回用。     

化学沉淀与高级氧化法处理乙烯裂解废碱液的研究

采用化学沉淀与高级氧化(UV／H2O2)法去除乙烯裂解废碱液中的硫化物及有机物。考察了影响效果的各种因素。试验结果表明：化学沉淀在反应温度为20℃、反应时间为30min、CuO与Na2S的摩尔比为1．45：1;高级氧化反应温度为40℃、反应时间为120min、H2O2的加入量(H202／COD质量比)为0．8的条件下,废碱液中S^2-的去除率可达98％以上,COD总去除率可达87％,BOD5／COD由处理前的0．21提高至0．54。     

多波段激光防护塑料的研制

本文以PMMA为基质制备了多波段激光防护塑料样品,对其性能进行了测试,该样品对YAG激光有很好的防护作用,达到实用要求。     

中师开展环境教育的实践

师范学校在环境教育中的特殊地位和作用 　　在“ 21世纪公民环境教育及环境科学发展趋势国际研讨会”上,与会代表一致认为：提高环境管理者和教师进行环境教育的能力是提高公民环境保护意识和能力的重要措施。师范院校作为培养教师的摇篮,特别是中等师范学校作为小学教师培养和培训的基地,在环境教育中更加显得重要。这是因为 (1)中师生不仅是学生,更是未来小学、幼儿园的教师。这种特殊的身份和地位决定了我们在中师只要科学地开展环境教育,不仅教育和提高了中师生的环境保护意识和技能,同时,更为他们今后在小学、幼儿园的教育教学…     

中子辐射防护服的设计、结构与效果

系统地阐述了中子辐射防护服的设计依据、结构、式样及使用效果。表明这是一种能有效地屏蔽热中子和中能中子的防护器具,可用于许多场所。     

室内甲醛污染及对人体健康的影响

通过对三种不同类型居室内甲醛监测表明,甲醛浓度与室内装饰、吸烟和燃料的不完全燃烧有关.兰州地区夏季室内甲醛超标率高,为41.0％～51.3％.室内主要污染物除TSP以外,甲醛居第2位,且一天中浓度最高值在中午.新建居室比普通居室甲醛浓度高,在所有情况下,室内浓度高于室外.     

A conductive polypyrrole based ammonium ion selective electrode

In view of the development of miniaturized sensor arrays, a solid-contact ammonium ion selective electrode has been investigated. A conductive polypyrrole film was electrochemicallydeposited on a glassy carbon surface and used as an internal solid contact layer between the sensing membrane and solid electrode surface. A systematic evaluation of the importantparameters affecting the electromotive force (emf) response ispresented. The performances of this solid-contact sensor were verified using a batch-mode measurement setup and a wall-jet flow cell system. The designed sensor exhibited excellent selectivity for the primary ion and a linear response over the pNH₄ ⁺ range 1–5 with a slope of 56.3 mV decade^-1. The sensor has a fast response and is relativelyrobustness, and was also used to determine ammonium concentrations in natural waters, with promising results.     

TOF–SIMS surface analysis of chemical components of size–fractioned urban aerosols in a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing

Size–fractioned atmospheric aerosol particles were collected during a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing. The organic and inorganic components on the surfaces of the samples were analyzed using time–of–flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF–SIMS).The variation characteristics of the surface chemical composition and influencing factors were studied, and the possible sources of these chemical compositions were identified through principal component analysis. The results showed that inorganic components such as crustal elements and sulfate, and organic components such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen–containing organic groups were present. Some surface components, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and fluorides may exert adverse effects on human health. The species and relative percentages of the chemical components varied with particle size, diurnal and pollution progress. During a heavy pollution event, the species and relative percentages of secondary components such as oxygen–containing organic groups and sulfurous compounds increased, indicating that particles aged during this event. The surface chemical composition of the aerosol particles was affected mainly by emissions from coal combustion and motor vehicles. In addition, air pollution, meteorological factors, and air mass transport also exerted a significant effect on the surface chemical composition of aerosol particles.