位阻胺混合甘氨酸盐溶液吸收CO2的研究

在双搅拌反应釜中研究了位阻胺2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇(AMP)与甘氨酸钠(SG)混合溶液吸收CO2的性能.实验温度293~313K,混合溶液的浓度为AMP(1.5kmol/m3)+SG (0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8kmol/m3),SG浓度每增加0.2kmol/m3,200min内的平均吸收速率分别提高11.47%,10.07%,9.18%和5.33%.与AMP单一溶液相比,混合溶液在200 min时的吸收容量增加了11.5%~41.1%.在293~313K,吸收速率随温度上升而提高.使用加热的方法进行再生实验,得到1.5 kmol/m3 AMP + 0.6 kmol/m3 SG混合液的最适再生温度为378K.AMP + SG混合溶液的再生效率高于单一SG溶液及AMP + MEA/DEA混合溶液.     

广东一饮用水源地河流沉积物及鱼体中氟喹诺酮类(FQs)抗生素残留特征研究

本研究对广东一饮用水源保护区的河流氟喹诺酮类(Fluoroquinolones,FQs)抗生素进行分析.采用高效液相色谱法定性定量分析9个沉积物样品和5种鱼肉及1种鱼内脏中3种FQs—诺氟沙星(Norfloxacin,NOR)、环丙沙星(Ciprofloxacin,CIP)、恩诺沙星(Enrofloxacin,ENR)的残留特征,并与沉积物中有机质、总氮、总磷进行Person相关性分析.结果表明:河流沉积物各点平均值NORCIPENR,最大含量分别为:NOR248.25 ng·g-1,CIP 158.69 ng·g-1,ENR 56.81 ng·g-1;FQs和沉积物有机质、总磷相关系数平均为0.946、0.968(p0.01);5种鱼的鱼肉中FQs的含量可能高于或低于沉积物中FQs含量均值;鳙鱼内脏FQs含量是鱼肉中的3.21~9.53倍.研究结果对保障饮用水安全及水产品生态安全具有重要的意义.     

几种印染助剂对壳聚糖稳定纳米铁去除酸性品红的影响

以氯化铁为铁源,硼氢化钠为还原剂,壳聚糖为稳定剂,采用液相还原法制备壳聚糖稳定纳米铁（CS-nZⅥ）;研究了印染废水中常见助剂NaNO₃、Na₂SO₄、NaH₂PO₄、K₂Cr₂O₇、EDTA二钠盐存在下,超声波辅助CS-nZⅥ对酸性品红（AF）降解的影响。结果表明,反应15 min,0.01 g CS-nZⅥ对25 mL、100 mg/L AF的去除率高达99.9%;各种助剂的存在使得纳米铁表面不同程度失活,阻碍反应的进行,使得AF的去除率下降。NaNO₃、K₂Cr₂O₇、EDTA二钠盐与纳米铁发生反应,与AF存在明显的竞争作用。重复利用实验表明,CS-nZⅥ重复利用7次仍具有一定的反应活性。此外,CS-nZⅥ对加标（50 mg/L）实际废水中AF的去除率达到99%以上,表明CS-nZⅥ是一种潜在的环境修复材料。     

铝、铁共聚作用的化学特征及晶貌研究

通过对铝，铁水解共聚物的合成制备及其水解共聚合过程电位滴定的研究，并通过扫描电镜对其共聚物样品的晶貌观测，ｎＡｌ／ｎＦｅ的点能谱及结构组成的红外光谱测定，对铝铁共聚作用的化学特征及其晶形貌象，共聚作用进行了研究及讨论，为深入研究铝无机共聚溶液体系化学形态组成及其絮凝剂的提供了的基础实验依据。     

Comparative Analysis of Variation in Ecological Forms of Altai Osman, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Oreoleuciscus potanini</Emphasis> (Cyprinidae), in Lakes Ayrag,Khyargas, and Nogon (Western Mongolia)

Analysis of variation in morphological characters of Potanin Altai osman, Oreoleuciscus potanini, from two freshwater and one brackish water lakes of Western Mongolia has shown that specimens of different ecological forms—herbivorous and piscivorous—form two integral and, at the level under consideration, internally indivisible units in the system of phenetic diversity of the species O. potanini.     

Holocene Dynamics of Vegetation and Ecological Conditions in the Center of the East European Plain

Changes in the vegetation and fire regimes in the central East European Plain during the second half of the Holocene have been reconstructed based on the results of paleobotanical analysis and radiocarbon dating of material from a section of peat deposit in the Mordovia State Nature Reserve. It has been shown that birch–pine forests were widespread in the region between 7000 and 5000 yr BP, with the frequency of fires in that period being high (the fire return interval ranged from 10–20 to 100 years). Beginning from 5000 yr BP and to the early 20th century, broadleaf forests were dominant, with the fire return interval increasing to 300–500 years or longer.     

Carbon Emission from the Surface of Coarse Woody Debris in Korean Pine Forests of Southern Primorye

Carbon dioxide fluxes from the surface of coarse woody debris (CWD) have been measured in Korean pine forests of the southern Sikhote-Alin mountain range. The seasonal dynamics of oxidative conversion of CWD carbon have been evaluated, and average values of the CO₂ emission rate have been determined for CWD fragments of three tree species at different stages of decomposition. The degree of decomposition is an important factor of spatial variation in CO₂ emission rate, and temporal variation in this parameter is adequately described by an exponential function of both CWD temperature and air temperature (R² = 0.65–0.75).     

Annual Nutritional Organ Mass Cycle of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bufo gargarizans</Emphasis> (Cantor, 1842) in Response to Extreme High Temperature

The annual relative mass of storage organs cycle of Bufo gargarizans in southwestern China was studied from December 2005 to November 2006. We described how those organs changed in response to extreme temperatures. Energy reservation dropped to the lowest levels after dormancy for both sexes, and then increased for period of 4.25 month. However, the mass of these organs dropped again rapidly until August (liver) and September (fat bodies) due to the constraint from extreme high temperature occurred during the summer, and then non-significantly increased before hibernation. For ovaries, varied with a different profile to those of liver and fat bodies have a resting period of four months. In addition, the toads’ ovaries kept growing when the mass of liver and fat bodies declining accordingly during hibernation. Therefore, ovarian mass increased during the hibernation and non-hibernation period.     

基于EEMD和EOF的鄱阳湖流域近550 a来旱涝时空变化

利用鄱阳湖流域及周边地区5个站点1467~2016年旱涝灾害史料,结合《中国近五百年旱涝分布图集》数据和现代器测降水资料,基于相关系数权重法集成重建了鄱阳湖流域近550 a旱涝序列。采用集合经验模态分解和经验正交函数等手段分析了鄱阳湖流域近550 a来的旱涝时空变化特征。结果表明：（1）鄱阳湖流域旱涝序列的各IMF分量变化规律符合自然信号的非线性变化的特征,主要的高频变化周期有2~3 a、7~8 a;中低频变化周期有22 a、36 a;低频变化周期有110 a、220 a等。（2）旱涝序列空间场的EOF分解表明,前4个模态的累积方差贡献率为93.68%,收敛效果明显。第一模态为区域整体变化一致;第二、三模态分别代表南北方向和东西方向上旱涝变化不一致;第四模态代表赣南地区的极端降水类型。（3）主要空间模态的时间系数功率谱分析结果表明,旱涝空间场模态的变化周期与旱涝序列EEMD分解的结果基本一致。 关键词： EEMD;EOF;旱涝变化;时空特征;鄱阳湖流域