Assessment of organic contamination along the coast of Laizhou Bay,China: chemical analysis and integrated biomarker responses in the clam Ruditapes philippinarum

An investigative biomonitoring study was conducted along the coastal area of Laizhou Bay (China) to evaluate the impact of organic pollution on the clam Ruditapes philippinarum using bioaccumulation and multi-biomarker measurements. In addition, the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and nonylphenol (NP) content in surface sediment at the study sites were also analyzed. Concentrations of PCBs, TPHs and NP in the sediments of the study area were 1.90 ± 0.10 μg kg^?1, 39.55 ± 2.42 mg kg^?1, 9.23 ± 0.41 μg kg^?1 dry weight, respectively, while the organic contaminants in the soft tissues of R. philippinarum were 14.81 ± 0.96 μg kg^?1 for PCBs, 165.87 ± 5.03 mg kg^?1 for TPHs and 86.16 ± 5.29 μg kg^?1 for NP. Linear regression analysis on the levels of organic pollutants accumulated in R. philippinarum and in sediments showed no significant correlation. Multi-biomarkers including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione S-transferase, total glutathione and lipid peroxidation were assayed in gills and digestive glands of R. philippinarum. Finally, the biomarkers in gills were selected to calculate the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index and to evaluate the impact of the three organic contaminants on R. philippinarum collected from different sites. According to IBR results, the western coast and eastern coast exhibited higher environmental stress than the sampling sites along the southern coast of Laizhou Bay. Significant correlation was found between the level of organic contaminants in the sediments and IBR whereas no dependence was found between pollutants’ concentrations in sediments and separate biomarker responses. The results showed that PCBs and NP were the main organic pollutants among the three studied which have caused pollution pressure on R. philippinarum in Laizhou Bay coastal area.

     

Have international remittance inflows degraded environmental quality? A carbon emission mitigation analysis for Ghana

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Despite the considerable contributions of remittances to households and economic advancements, their environmental implications have received little...     

The effects of polyethersulfone and Nylon 6 micromembrane filters on the pyraclostrobin detection: adsorption performance and mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Adsorption of test substances on micromembrane filters during sample pretreatment before qualitative and quantitative analysis has greatly affected...     

Inter-comparisons of VOC oxidation mechanisms based on box model: A focus on OH reactivity

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) oxidation processes play a very important role in atmospheric chemistry, and the chemical reactions are expressed in various manners in chemical mechanisms. To gain an improved understanding of VOCs evolution during oxidation processes and evaluate the discrepancies of VOCs oxidation schemes among different mechanisms, we used the total VOC reactivity as a diagnostic and evaluated tool to explore the differences for six widely used chemical mechanisms. We compared the total VOC reactivity evolution under high-NO_x conditions for several sets of precursors, including n-pentane, toluene, ethene, isoprene and a mixture of 57 Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations (PAMS) species in a 0-D photochemical box model. Inter-comparison of total VOC reactivity of individual precursor simulations showed discrepancies to different extent of the oxidation schemes among the studied mechanisms, which are mainly attributed to the different lumping approaches for organic species. The PAMS simulation showed smaller discrepancy than individual precursor cases in terms of total VOC reactivity. SAPRC07 and RACM2 performances are found to better match the MCM for simulation of total VOC reactivity. Evidences suggest that the performance in simulating secondary organic products, OH concentrations and NO_x concentrations are related to the OH reactivity discrepancies among various chemical mechanisms. Information in this study can be used in selection of chemical mechanisms to better model OH reactivity in different environments. The results in this study also provide directions to further improve the ability in modelling total VOC reactivity with the chemical mechanisms.     

Historical changes in the environment of the Chinese Loess Plateau

Historical records from the past 2000 years indicate that the vegetative cover of the Loess Plateau has declined significantly with time. The decline in vegetative cover seems closely related to increased rates of soil erosion as well as the increased frequency of natural disasters such as floods, droughts and dust storms. The condition of the environment and its relationship with development is a serious problem as the Chinese government searches for ways to improve the living standard of people in the region. The purpose of this study is to outline historical changes in the vegetation and environmental conditions of the Loess Plateau. Although we believe that current population pressure of the Loess Plateau is becoming unsustainable, our objective is not to be overly pessimistic in regards to the future development of the region. Instead, our purpose is to increase the awareness of environmental conditions in the region and to encourage the implementation of policies that will promote sustainable development of the Loess Plateau.     

Current status,existent problems,and coping strategy of urban drainage pipeline network in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urban drainage pipeline systems collect and transport domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and rainwater. They are important components of urban...     

二污染极其在垃圾焚烧中的控制

介绍二的毒性及其在环境中的存在状态,并就在垃圾焚烧中如何控制二的产生及焚烧后残渣、飞灰的处理进行了探讨.     

FCC汽油吸附脱硫技术

与常规的加氢脱硫技术相比,吸附脱硫技术具有易于操作,故障率低,超低的硫含量,低辛烷值损耗,低操作成本,几乎不消耗氢气等优点,是解决当代能源、资源和环境问题的重要技术。本文将就吸附脱硫技术的研究现状做简要评述。     

重金属污染场地风险评估与治理技术体系研究

在对发达国家污染场地风险评估与治理修复技术方法进行分析的基础上,针对我国重金属污染场地的实际特点,通过调查、分析、实践、优化等方式,对风险评估与治理修复技术开展了系统研究,对风险评估技术在我国的实际应用以及治理修复技术体系的构建提出了模型优化、技术路线优化等相关建议,提出了以浸出浓度为基础依据初步构建重金属污染场地理修复技术体系,并针对治理修复技术的国内产业化分析了技术标准、技术开发应用、市场引导、政府监管等关键影响因素。     

含油废水对鲤鱼肝脏微粒体芳烃羟化酶的活性诱导研究

以鲤鱼肝脏微粒体为实验体系,运用体外实验方法,研究三种含油废水对芳烃羟化酶的活性影响,结果表明,三种含油废水对芳烃羟化酶活性都表现出不同程度的诱导,随着含油量的增大,AHH活性升高,并有相似的变化趋势。芳烃羟化酶活性升高可以作为监测含油废水对水体污染的一种生物指标。