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71.
Hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration of yellowtail blood elevated more than 30% during severe hypoxia for 35 or 40 min. About 40% of the hematocrit elevation is considered to have been caused by erythrocyte supply from the spleen, and about 60% by hemoconcentration due to water shift out of the circulating plasma. Osmotic swelling of erythrocytes is considered not to have occurred, judging from the constant level in the saturation index of the blood. 相似文献
72.
Contamination of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in the marine environment of Otsuchi Bay, Japan 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Harino H Fukushima M Yamamoto Y Kawai S Miyazaki N 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1998,101(2):209-214
Butyltin (BT) and phenyltin (PT) compounds were measured in seawater, sediment, and biological samples collected from coastal areas of Otsuchi Bay, Japan. Tributyltin (TBT) compounds in seawater, sediment, plankton, mussels, scallops and fish were in the range of 0.008-0.074 microg liter(-1), 0.01-0.64 mg (kg dry wt)(-1), 0.24-9.8 mg (kg dry wt)(-1), 0.04-0.18 mg (kg wet wt)(-1), 0.10-0.13 mg (kg wet wt)(-1) and 0.01-0.02 mg (kg wet wt)(-1), respectively. Trace amount of PTs were found in seawater. The highest concentrations of TBT and triphenyltin (TPT) were found near a shipyard. Triorganotin compounds were more dominant than their metabolites. A positive correlation was observed between the concentrations of TBT and TPT in the mussels. Concentrations of TBT and TPT in mussels were high in the upper intertidal zone, and decreased toward the water. 相似文献
73.
The volatilization of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and methyl mercuric chloride (CH3HgCl) by the 45 strains (35 Pseudoalteromonas sp., 2 Vibrio sp., 1 Aeromonas sp., and 7 unclassified) of the most mercury-resistant bacteria from Minamata Bay seawater was examined in various physiological conditions. The bacteria could grow and volatilize HgCl2 in the liquid medium containing 1-10% NaCl. Two Pseudoalteromonas strains could grow and volatilize HgCl2 at pH levels ranging from 5.0 to 10.0. The resting cells of 43 strains could volatilize HgCl2 at concentrations ranging from 30 to 68% after 1-h incubation at 30vv°C. The resting cells of 41 strains could volatilize CH3HgCl at concentrations ranging from 13 to 88% after 1-h incubation at 30vv°C. Ninety-two percent of mercury was removed from the phosphate buffer containing 0.1 7g/ml by a resting cell of Pseudoalteromonas strain H-4 after 30-min incubation at 30vv°C. We were able to screen the special bacteria, which could volatilize mercury compounds at a high rate in various physiological conditions, for the purpose of developing mercury removal methods using bacteria. 相似文献
74.
M Yamamoto D Molina-Gomes E Girodon-Boulandet M Moulis B Leroy B Simon-Bouy J Selva Y Ville 《黑龙江环境通报》2006,26(1):6-8
We present a case of a fetus with hyperechogenic bowel, in which the L548Q mutation was detected in the mother of Japanese origin and the ΔF508 mutation in the father of Caucasian origin. The fetus proved to be compound heterozygous. Research into cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations in this case was triggered by the fact that the fetus had a characteristic hyperechogenic bowel image with normal karyotype and no indications of intrauterine infections. Hyperechogenic bowel is highly indicative of a CFTR gene mutation. The incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) in fetuses with mid-trimester hyperechogenic bowel is 5%, but once the most frequent mutations have been accounted for, rarer mutations must be investigated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
75.
Mitsuru Sasaki Kana Yamamoto Motonobu Goto 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(1):40-46
In this study, hydrothermal electrolysis experiments using glucose (a biorelated substance) as a starting material were carried
out using a specially designed autoclave at 250°C. We could understand the fundamental reaction behavior of glucose under
these conditions through various kinds of experiments and product analyses. Another series of experiments using pressurized
CO2 as an electrolyte was conducted to discover whether it is possible to use CO2 as an alternative electrolyte to the conventional KCl electrolyte, with a view to lowering the environmental impact of the
process. It was found that pressurized CO2 was useful as an environmentally friendly electrolyte, although there were still some problems in terms of the reaction efficiency. 相似文献
76.
Jun-ichi Kadokawa Kanako Hirohama Shozaburo Mine Takeshi Kato Kazuya Yamamoto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):37-42
In this study, we performed the facile preparation of chitin/cellulose composite films using two ionic liquids, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium
bromide (AMIMBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl); the former dissolves chitin and the latter dissolves cellulose.
First, solutions of chitin in AMIMBr and cellulose in BMIMCl were individually prepared by heating each mixture at 100 °C
for 24 h. Then, the homogeneous mixture of the two solutions was thinly casted on a glass plate, followed by standing at room
temperature for 2 h. After the material was subjected to successive Soxhlet extractions with ethanol for 12 h and with water
for 12 h, the residue was dried at room temperature to give a composite film. The crystalline structures of the polysaccharides
were evaluated by the X-ray diffraction measurement. Furthermore, the thermal stability and mechanical property of the resulting
composite film were estimated by the thermal gravimetric analysis measurement and tensile testing, respectively. 相似文献
77.
78.
Modification of ecological footprint evaluation method to include non-renewable resource consumption using thermodynamic approach 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
This study is to modify the ecological footprint methodology by incorporating non-renewable or abiotic resources as an additional category. The use of abiotic resources can be quantified as global hectare by using thermodynamic approaches. A detailed case study on various countries including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Japan, USA, and Vietnam shows the advantage of using the new modified ecological footprint (EF) as an indicator for sustainable development. The modified EF includes not only biotic resources, but also the abiotic resources. The case study indicates that the modified EF differs from the traditional EF up to 123% in the case of Belgium, and 90% in the case of Australia. For developing countries such as Brazil and Vietnam, the differences are relatively smaller (21% for Brazil and 9.4% for Vietnam). The estimated total ecological footprint of the world using the new method implies more serious problems associated with over consumption than using results from the original ecological footprint method. 相似文献
79.
Jun Yamamoto Miyuki Hirose Tetsuya Ohtani Katashi Sugimoto Kazue Hirase Nobuo Shimamoto Tsuyoshi Shimura Natsumi Honda Yasuzumi Fujimori Tohru Mukai 《Marine Biology》2008,153(3):311-317
The fate of the giant jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai after death was examined in the southwest Sea of Japan. The density of dead jellyfish was greater than that of live animals.
The dead animals are heavier than the Japan Sea Proper Water which occurs deeper than 200 m, suggesting that dead jellyfish
sink to the sea floor. The sea floor survey, conducted with a towed video tape recorder (VTR) monitoring system between mid
September and mid October, observed a total of 138 jellyfish during 28 of 29 operations. The density of carrion ranged between
0.2 and 5.1 individuals/1,000 m2 (mean ± SE = 1.1 ± 0.2). Ophiuroids occurred abundantly at 23 jellyfish carcasses and a sea anemone was observed attached
to five carcasses. The VTR surveys confirmed that carrion sinks to the sea floor not only during the winter, the normal end
of life for medusae, but also during the fall. A trap survey baited with medusae was also employed, and four different species
were sampled with the traps: the snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio), a shrimp (Pandalopsis japonica), the ivory shell (Buccinum striatissimum) and an ophiuroid (Ophiura sarsii). Much of the trap bait remained (49–68% weight-mean = 60.3%) during the 23 h soak-time, and the reduction in weight was
greater than that observed by bacterial decomposition, suggesting benthic animals consume dead organisms. The present study
indicates that dead N. nomurai sink to the sea floor continuously and were subsequently consumed by benthic scavengers. 相似文献
80.
Thomas Dominguez Johanna Aurell Brian Gullett Robert Eninger Dirk Yamamoto 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(2):902-913
Emissions from open burning of military food waste and ration packaging compositions were characterized in response to health concerns from open burning disposal of waste, such as at military forward operating bases. Emissions from current and prototype Meals, Ready-to-Eat (MREs), and material options for their associated fiberboard packaging were quantified to assess contributions of the individual components. MREs account for 67–100% of the particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDDs/PCDFs) emissions when burned in unison with the current fiberboard container and liner. The majority of the particles emitted from these burns are of median diameter 2.5 µm (PM2.5). Metal emission factors were similar regardless of waste composition. Measurements of VOCs and PAHs indicate that targeted replacement of MRE components may be more effective in reducing emissions than variation of fiberboard-packaging types. Despite MRE composition variation, equivalent emission factors for PM, PAH, VOC, and PCDD/PCDF were seen. Similarly, for fiberboard packaging, composition variations exhibited essentially equivalent PM, PAH, VOC, and PCDD/PCDF emission factors amongst themselves. This study demonstrated a composition-specific analysis of waste burn emissions, assessing the impact of waste component substitution using military rations. 相似文献