砂土液化对基础隔震结构地震反应的影响分析∗

砂土液化会对结构的地震反应产生不可忽视的影响,这一现象也将对基础隔震结构地震反应规律产生影响。 基于有限元方法,采用 ABAQUS建立了土?隔震结构非线性动力相互作用的整体有限元分析模型,针对不同地基液化情况对基础隔震结构地震反应规律及隔震效果的影响进行了深入分析。结果表明：隔震结构下部桩基础能够有效提高下部地基的抗液化能力,进而保证隔震结构的整体稳定性。总体来看,液化场地上隔震结构的隔震效果及地震反应与输入地震动的特性相关,近场地震作用下液化地基上隔震结构的隔震性能保持良好,而远场强震作用下液化地基上隔震结构的隔震效果降低。同时隔震层产生较大的位移反应可能导致隔震支座失稳或强度破坏,设计时需特别注意。     

土-桩-框架结构非线性相互作用的精细数值模型及其验证

利用有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了土-桩-框架结构非线性相互作用(SSI)的二维精细有限元模型,分别采用记忆型粘塑性嵌套面模型和损伤塑性模型模拟土体和混凝土材料,采用梁单元和rebar单元模拟RC桩基及其内部纵筋,采用接触面对法模拟桩土接触效应,取得了良好的计算效果。将自由场、框架、土-桩-框架结构模型的分析结果和其它成熟的计算软件进行对比,验证了数值模型的有效性。分析发现:桩基外侧靠近承台处的土体的非线性反应很强烈,而桩基内部土体的非线性反应较小,很大程度上只是跟随群桩一起运动。由于桩土动力接触,桩顶的加速度反应可能超出上部结构,并且桩顶的加速度时程曲线上有非常明显的"针"状突变。随着地震动强度的增加,上部框架逐渐表现出单自由度体系的动力特征,加速度反应谱有从多个波峰退化为单一波峰的趋势。     

好氧颗粒污泥对膜生物反应器污泥性能的影响

采用膜生物反应器进行含酚废水的处理,探讨投加好氧颗粒污泥对反应器中污泥性能的影响。结果表明,在膜生物反应器中投加好氧颗粒污泥能有效改善污泥性能,提高处理效果。从采用絮状污泥到逐渐增加好氧颗粒污泥投加量为100%的过程中,反应器中污泥浓度明显提高,MLSS由5 582 mg/L增加到8 168 mg/L;沉降性能得到改善,SVI由135.85 mL/g下降到29.36 mL/g;疏水性增强,Zeta电位由-20.302 mV升高到-4.325 mV;对含酚废水中COD、NH3-N的降解能力明显提高,COD、NH3-N、NO3-N去除率分别由87.3%、83.2%、55.3%增加到99.2%、94.9%、66.3%。改善了膜污染现象,膜通量衰减率由63.3%降低到42.8%。用二元多项式三维回归分析,得到污染物去除率关于好氧颗粒污泥投加量和反应器运行时间的二元方程,对指导好氧颗粒污泥膜生物反应器的连续运行具有重要意义。     

可再生能源资源的系统评价方法及实例

可再生能源资源评价是可再生能源综合规划的前提,由于能源综合规划各环节之间是相互关联的,因此,能源资源评价不能独立于其它分析过程而单独进行。特别是对可再生能源资源来说,评价内容除了要考虑储量、开采量、生产率等进行一般能源评价所考虑的因素以外,更应注重可再生能源资源的开发技术及市场分析。由于目前对可再生能源的资源评价尚未形成比较系统的评价体系,因此,论文根据可再生能源资源的特性以及它与技术、市场之间的内在联系,从一般系统论的观点出发,对可再生能源资源的系统评价方法进行了研究。最后以秸秆资源为例,对以上选择的评价方法进行了实际应用。     

无机膜复合催化反应器脱除水中硝酸盐氮

利用Pd-Cu/Al2O3陶瓷膜对催化还原硝酸盐氮废水进行试验,通过在陶瓷膜中添加离子吸附树脂负载的催化剂Pd-Cu/H103,形成复合催化膜,并调整pH值与氢气流量,硝酸盐脱除转化率达到98%以上.     

潮间带土壤盐度与电导率的关系

以5：1的水土质量比浸提潮间带土壤，质量法测定的土壤盐度(质量分数)，与电导法测定的稀释了5倍的土壤浸提液(5：1水土质量比)的电导率值之间有极显著的相关性。质量法实测的土壤盐度与电导率计算的土壤盐度之间的相对误差多在5％以下。因此，用电导法测定潮间带土壤盐度不失为一种简便、快速的方法，尤其是样品数较多时更可节约时间。     

CuO-SnO2纳米复合光催化剂的制备及其催化性能

文章用共沉淀法合成了铜锡复合氧化物光催化剂,并用X射线衍射(XRD),紫外-可见漫反射(UV-Vis)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)方法对不同焙烧温度下制得的CuO-SnO2纳米复合氧化物的物相组成、晶粒尺寸及光学性质进行了表征。以酸性蓝62染料溶液为模拟废水,在氙灯(模拟日光)光照下,对CuO-SnO2纳米复合氧化物的光催化活性进行了评价,考察了焙烧温度,焙烧时间和活性组分配比对其催化活性的影响。结果表明:在500℃焙烧3h制得的CuO-SnO(2 Cu与Sn摩尔比1:1)纳米复合氧化物具有最高的光催化活性,同样条件下,其光催化活性比Degussa P25 TiO2提高约1.6倍。     

Effect of cypermethrin insecticide on the microbial community in cucumber phyllosphere

Cucumber (Cucumis sativus) is one of the most widely used vegetable in the world,and different pesticides have been extensively used for controlling the insects and disease pathogens of this plant.However,little is known about how the pesticides affect the microbial community in cucumber phyllosphere.This study was the first attempt to assess the impact of pyrethroid insecticide cyperemethrin on the microbial communities of cucumber phyllosphere using biochemical and genetic approaches.Phospholipid fatty ac...     

A study of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a rural site in Beijing based on continuous observations from 2015 to 2019 and the WRF-Chem model

•PAN concentrations at a rural site near Beijing were monitored from 2015 to 2019. •PAN concentrations exhibited high values in spring and low values in winter. •Anomalously southerlies induced extreme high PAN concentration in spring 2018. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of the most important photochemical pollutants and has aroused much concern in China in recent decades. However, few studies described the long-term variations in PAN in China. In this study, we continuously monitored the PAN, O₃ and NO_x concentrations at a regional background site near Beijing from August 2015 to February 2019. Based on the observed concentrations and climate data, we analyzed the seasonal PAN variations. The results revealed that the monthly mean PAN concentration ranged from 0.33–2.41 ppb, with an average value of 0.94 ppb. The PAN concentration exhibited a distinct seasonal variation, with high values in spring and low values in winter. After analyzing the corresponding meteorological data, we found that stronger ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a relatively longer lifetime and a higher background PAN concentration contributed to the high PAN concentrations in spring. In addition, with the utilization of the WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry) model, the cause of the extremely high PAN concentration in spring 2018 was determined. The model results demonstrated that an anomalously low pressure and the southwesterly winds in northern China might be the main causes of the increased PAN concentration in Beijing and its surrounding area in spring 2018.