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261.
简化活性污泥数学模型在城市污水厂中的应用 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
以活性污泥 1号模型 (ASM1 )为开发平台 ,建立了简化的活性污泥数学模型 (ASM CN)。该模型主要描述了碳氧化和硝化过程 ,其中模型组分、反应过程和参数的数量都少于ASM1 ,从而提高了该模型在城市污水厂中的实用性。通过测定模型组分、化学计量系数和动力学参数 ,为模型的应用提供了重要的前提和基础。最后利用ASM CN模型对实际城市污水厂的运行进行了动态模拟 ,模拟结果良好 ,验证了ASM CN模型的实用性和有效性 ,并且也验证了模拟程序的准确性。 相似文献
262.
为获得一种高效培养黑曲霉Y3 菌丝球的方法,采用表征菌丝密度的状态参数(H)作为评价指标,对培养基成分进行了优化,确定了霉菌Y3 菌丝球培养的最适碳源、氮源、微量元素及其含量,并对实验确定的培养基的经济性做了比较和分析.结果表明,菌丝球培养基的最适碳源及氮源分别为蔗糖和氯化铵,Mg2+是促进菌丝球生长的重要微量元素.Y3 菌丝球最适培养基成分(g/L)为:蔗糖10.0,NH4Cl1.0,KH2PO4·3H2O 1.0,MgSO4·7H2O 0.5.该培养基价格低廉,培养菌丝球大小适中,由孢子聚集到成球仅需48h,为优质高效的培养菌丝球创造了条件. 相似文献
263.
五氯酚对环境污染及居民健康影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
中国长期以来使用五氯酚纳盐杀灭亡血吸虫的中间宿主──—钉螺.为评价它对环境的污染及居民健康危害,1990-1993年在我省开展了五氯酚环境污染及对居民健康影响研究.在研究区采集环境样品(空气、水体、土壤及底泥、蔬菜、肉、蛋、鱼等)共173份;生物材料(人血、尿)共457份,分析五氯酚浓度.结果在明,在五氯酚使用区,环境中PCP浓度稍高于对照区,而生物材料尿、血中PCP浓度明显高于对照区.全血胆碱脂酶活性用药区明显低于对照区,统计学分析有显著差异(P<0.001),证实了长期低剂量使用可造成环境及生物蓄积. 相似文献
264.
ABSTRACT: Flash flooding is the rapid flooding of low lying areas caused by the stormwater of intense rainfall associated with thunderstorms. Flash flooding occurs in many urban areas with relatively flat terrain and can result in severe property damage as well as the loss of lives. In this paper, an integrated one‐dimensional (1‐D) and two‐dimensional (2‐D) hydraulic simulation model has been established to simulate stormwater flooding processes in urban areas. With rainfall input, the model simulates 2‐D overland flow and 1‐D flow in underground stormwater pipes and drainage channels. Drainage channels are treated as special flow paths and arranged along one or more sides of a 2‐D computational grid. By using irregular computation grids, the model simulates unsteady flooding and drying processes over urban areas with complex drainage systems. The model results can provide spatial flood risk information (e.g., water depth, inundation time and flow velocity during flooding). The model was applied to the City of Beaumont, Texas, and validated with the recorded rainfall and runoff data from Tropical Storm Allison with good agreement. 相似文献
265.
城市控制爆破工程的爆破事故和爆破公害研究 总被引:4,自引:5,他引:4
爆破事故和爆破公害是关于爆破工程中的安全问题 ,笔者对爆破事故中的早爆、拒爆和爆破公害中的爆破振动、爆破空气冲击波、爆破飞石进行了详细论述 ,分析了爆破事故及公害产生的原因 ,从而给出了相应的防止措施 ;进而依法采取了爆破安全管理可行办法 相似文献
266.
Effect of surfactants on solubilization and degradation of phenanthrene under thermophilic conditions 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The bioavailability and biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can be increased through the addition of surfactants. Previous studies of this nature have been conducted under mesophilic conditions. Hence, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of synthetic surfactants and biosurfactants on solubilization and degradation of phenanthrene (PHE) in a series of batch solution experiments under thermophilic conditions. Tween 80, Triton X-100, and biosurfactants produced from Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain P-CG3 (P-CG3) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 (P. 9027) were used in this study. Surfactants effectively enhanced the solubility of PHE at 50 degrees C and the biosurfactant from P-CG3 was most effective with a 28-fold increase in apparent solubility of PHE at a concentration of 10 x critical micelle concentration (CMC) compared with the controls. However, addition of synthetic surfactants or biosurfactants inhibited the biodegradation of PHE in mineral salts medium by an isolate Bacillus sp. B-UM. Degradation of PHE diminished with increasing surfactant concentrations, and PHE degradation was completely inhibited for all the surfactants tested when the concentrations were greater than their respective CMC. The growth test suggested that Tween 80 and biosurfactants were degradable, but preferential utilization of these surfactants as substrates was not the mechanism for explaining the inhibition of PHE biodegradation. Because of the hydrophobic property of B-UM, degradation inhibition of PHE by surfactants was probably due to the reduction of direct contact between bacterial cells and PHE. 相似文献
267.
268.
通过对1995年重庆渝中区空气中SO2、PM2.5浓度水平与居民每日就诊人数的动态观察发现:居民内科各月门认及诊人次按病种分类显示,慢性阻塞性肺部疾病(COPD)在空气SO2、PM2.5空气浓度水平出现峰值的一月份呈现高峰;各年龄组四大类疾病的延迟七日的门诊女性就认人次中,COPD和循环系统疾病的就诊人次与SO2、PM2.5浓度相关系数在0.4-0.7之间,有较为密切的关系。COPD的时间聚集性分 相似文献
269.
Yun-Ya Fang Chien-Yuan Huang 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2019,25(4):621-629
Introduction. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a physical activity (PA) program on weight control, physical fitness, occupational stress, job satisfaction and quality of life of overweight and sedentary employees in high-tech industries. Methods. Participants in the intervention group (n?=?37) were instructed to carry out a PA program at moderate intensity for 60?min/session, 3 sessions/week for 12 weeks. Those in the control group (n?=?38) received no PA program and were asked to continue their routine lifestyle. Evaluations were performed at baseline and at the end of the intervention. Results of structured questionnaires and blood biochemistry tests and evaluations of physical fitness were analyzed. Results. The PA program effectively reduced the number of risk factors for metabolic syndrome and body fat percentage, and improved physical fitness such as flexibility, muscular strength and endurance and cardiorespiratory endurance. The intervention also significantly decreased levels of serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Significant positive effects on work control, interpersonal relationships at work, global job satisfaction and quality of life were also demonstrated. Conclusion. This study showed that a PA program can be helpful in improving physical, physiological and psychological outcomes for overweight and sedentary employees in high-tech industries. 相似文献
270.
潮土中磷锌交互作用机制探讨及磷对锌吸附-解吸的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用室内培养和吸附解吸两种方法,探讨了潮土中磷、锌交互作用机制。结果表明:土壤中DTPA提取态锌质量分数随添加锌量的增加而增加,低磷质量分数处理可提高土壤锌有效性,但高磷质量分数处理却降低了土壤锌的有效性;土壤速效磷质量分数均随锌添加量的增加而有所降低。在施锌25 mg.kg-1背景下,土壤中DTPA提取态锌质量分数随施磷质量分数的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,在添加磷量小于180 mg.kg-1时,土壤DTPA提取态锌质量分数显著地高于其他处理,但随添加磷量的增加,土壤DTPA提取态锌质量分数显著降低,当磷添加量大于540 mg.kg-1时,土壤DTPA提取态锌质量分数明显低于其他磷处理,说明当添加磷量小于180 mg.kg-1时,磷提高土壤中锌有效性的主要机制是二者竞争吸附土壤胶体表面吸附点位的竞争机制;当添加磷量大小540 mg.kg-1时,磷影响锌有效性的主要机制为沉淀作用。在土壤施磷量为180 mg.kg-1时,随添加锌质量分数的提高,土壤中速效磷质量分数呈先升高后降低趋势。吸附-解吸研究表明,随土壤中速效磷质量分数的提高(27.60~2773.86 mg.kg-1),土壤对锌的吸附量先降低再增加,而KCl解吸的锌量却是先增加再降低。因此潮土中磷锌交互作用机制为,土壤中磷和锌质量分数均较低时,磷与锌有效性呈协同作用;当磷或锌质量分数过高时,协同作用减弱;磷和锌质量分数再增加二者的有效性将出现拮抗作用。 相似文献