广州市区大气污染特征与影响因子分析

以2000—2004年广州市国控测点的空气环境质量自动监测结果为基础数据,以我国《大气环境质量标准》的日平均质量浓度二级标准为依据计算广州市2000—2004年的各大气污染物的指数及污染负荷率,阐明广州市区主要大气污染物SO2、NO2、PM10、CO的地域分布特征、季节变化特征、年际变化特征以及由于大气中的酸性物质而形成的酸雨的变化特征并提出研究对策。结果表明:各污染物质量浓度存在明显的季节变化规律,除SO2春夏秋季污染最严重,其余几项污染程度由高到低的顺序均为冬季,春季,秋季,夏季。近5年来空气中的一氧化碳呈显著下降趋势,但二氧化硫、二氧化氮和可吸入颗粒物则呈显著上升趋势,综合污染指数也呈明显上升趋势;酸雨频率呈不显著上升且夏秋季污染大于春冬两季。广州市大气污染分布规律与风向频率以北和东北偏北方向较大,东和东南方向次之的分布基本一致。     

土壤重金属污染对蚯蚓（Opisthopora）影响的研究

研究了重金属污染区蚯蚓的群落结构、污染指示种类、以及污染影响的毒理指标．结果表明：随着重金属污染程度的增加，蚯蚓种类减少，蚯蚓体内重金属元素富集量增加．蚯蚓毒理实验表明：Ｃｄ中毒后过氧化物同工酶活性增加，脂酶同工酶活性减弱．Ｐｂ中毒后蚯蚓过氧化物酶和脂酶同工酶活性均增加．     

非均相催化湿式氧化法活性炭再生

使用浸渍法制备的CuO Al2 O3催化剂对吸附苯酚饱和的活性炭进行非均相催化湿式氧化再生研究 ,考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂投加量、反应氧分压、投炭量、蒸馏水量对非均相催化湿式氧化再生活性炭的影响结果 ,同时在该实验中得到非均相CuO Al2 O3催化湿式氧化再生活性炭的最佳条件。对催化剂进行了X衍射分析 ,并通过对催化剂的稳定性进行实验 ,得出该催化剂在进行催化湿式氧化再生活性炭的过程中具有较好的稳定性     

钛白副产硫酸亚铁的综合利用研究

以钛白副产硫酸亚铁、氯化钾和氨水为原料，采用硫酸钾铵法制取硫酸钾。实验结果表明，该工艺生产的产品，其质量达到ZBG-21006-89国家标准，且此工艺流程简单、操作方便、条件易控制，无二次污染。     

Bioaccumulation and physiological effects of excess lead in a roadside pioneer species Sonchus oleraceus L

Seedlings of Sonchus oleraceus L. were transplanted to soil supplied with lead acetate at dosages of 0, 800, 1600 and 3200 mg kg(-1) DW. Measures of chlorophyll content, peroxidase (POD) activity, shoot length, biomass and Pb content in the plant tissues were obtained from the experimental plants. With increasing amounts of Pb in the soil, the chlorophyll content, shoot length and biomass decreased, while POD activity and Pb content in the plant tissues increased. At 3200 mg kg(-1) Pb treatment, Pb content in the plant leaf, stem and root were 65.67, 149.82 and 1113.24 mg kg(-1), respectively. Only at 3200 mg kg(-1) Pb treatment did chlorophyll content, shoot length and biomass significantly increase by 18, 15 and 44%, respectively, while POD decreased by 39% over the control. The potential of applying this species in phytoremediation of Pb contaminated roadside soils and thus restoration of the roadside vegetation are discussed.     

Determination of polycyclic musks in sewage sludge from Guangdong, China using GC-EI-MS

Polycyclic musks [Cashmeran (DPMI), Celestolide (ADBI), Phantolide (AHMI), Traseolide (ATII), Tonalide (AHTN) and Galaxolide (HHCB)] were Soxhlet extracted, separated and analyzed in sewage sludge from six different wastewater treatment plants from Guangdong, China, using GC and GC-EI-MS. DPMI, ADBI, HHCB, AHTN were found in all samples, and ATII was not found in any sample. AHMI was detected in five out of six samples. HHCB and AHTN were the two major polycyclic musks found in highest concentrations in sludge. The sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants contained HHCB, AHTN and DPMI at concentrations between 5.416 and 21.214, 0.715 and 6.195 and 0.599 and 2.870 mg/kg (dry), respectively. The highest concentration was found in sludge from one cosmetic plant at 703.681 mg HHCB/kg (dry). The results indicate that there are two sources of polycyclic musks: domestic sewage and industrial wastewater.     

湿式氧化技术及其应用比较

对湿式氧化技术及其影响因素进行了介绍 ,叙述了各种因素的影响作用并对各因素的影响强弱进行了比较 ,认为反应温度和处理对象的性质是影响湿式氧化技术处理效果的关键因素。阐述了湿式氧化技术在废水处理、污泥处理、活性炭再生中的一些应用研究情况 ,并进行了比较。总结了湿式氧化技术的特点及其在环境治理中的优势     

印刷线路板废弃物的热解与动力学实验研究

分别应用管式炉反应器和热重分析手段对印刷线路板废弃物的热解行为和热解动力学进行了实验研究。在管式炉中，研究不同的热解温度：700～950℃，对产物分布和气体成分分布的影响。实验结果表明：PCB热解气体的主要成分是H2和CO2，气体的热值较低，仅为2．09～5．41MJ/m^3，PCB不适合以气体产物为目标的能源利用方式。应用Friedman方法对PCB的热解动力学进行了研究，求得PCB的热解动力学参数分别是：表观活化能190．92kJ/mol，反应级数5．97，指前因子lnA47．14min^-1。     

Prevalence and Bayesian Phylogenetics of Enteroviruses Derived From Environmental Surveillance Around Polio Vaccine Switch Period in Shandong Province,China

Food and Environmental Virology - We present the results of environmental surveillance for poliovirus (PV) and non-poliovirus (NPEV) around the switch from trivalent to bivalent oral polio-vaccine...