介质阻挡放电与活性炭纤维协同去除水中的3,4-二氯苯胺木

采用介质阻挡放电(DBD)非平衡等离子体与活性炭纤维(ACF)相联合的方法去除水中3,4-二氯苯胺(3,4-DCA),考察了放电功率、空气流量、溶液初始浓度、电导率、pH值以及活性炭纤维用量等因素对联合处理效率的影响,并分析了可能的去除机理.实验结果表明,在DBD非平衡等离子体与ACF联合处理有机污染物3,4-DCA的...     

活性焦吸附预处理精制棉生产废水

采用活性焦吸附处理精制棉生产废水,采用GC/MS和发光细菌法评价处理前后废水的水质变化。结果表明:当活性焦用量为100 g/L时,30℃下吸附180 min,COD去除率可达78.82%;废水在AC表面的吸附为吸热反应;经吸附处理后水样的急性毒性减弱85.20%。由于活性焦的生产成本低廉,活性焦吸附可用作生物法处理精制棉生产废水的预处理技术。     

论中国有机食品的开发

对有机食品的基本概念和有机食品所必需具备的条件作了概要的介绍，并对国内外有机食品的发展概况、我国发展有机食品的有利条件作了较全面的论述和分析。在此基础上，提出了我国有机食品开发的原则、策略和开发中值得注意的一些问题和建议。     

Influence of moderate pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing activated carbon

A novel adsorbent based on iron oxide dispersed over activated carbon(AC) were prepared, and used for phosphate removal from aqueous solutions. The influence of pre-oxidation treatment on the physical, chemical and phosphate adsorption properties of iron-containing AC were determined. Two series of ACs, non-oxidized and oxidized carbon modified by iron(denoted as AC-Fe and AC/OFe), resulted in a maximum impregnated iron of 4.03% and 7.56%, respectively. AC/O-Fe showed 34.0%–46.6% higher phosphate removal efficiency than the AC-Fe did. This was first attributed to the moderate pre-oxidation of raw AC by nitric acid, achieved by dosing Fe(II) after a pre-oxidation, to obtain higher iron loading, which is favorable for phosphate adsorption. Additionally, the in-situ formed active site on the surface of carbon, which was derived from the oxidation of Fe(II) by nitric acid dominated the remarkably high efficiency with respect to the removal of phosphate. The activation energy for adsorption was calculated to be 10.53 and 18.88 kJ/mol for AC-Fe and AC/OFe, respectively. The results showed that the surface mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion were simultaneously occurring during the process and contribute to the adsorption mechanism.     

Organic pollutants removal from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene （TNT） red water using low cost activated coke

2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) red water from Chinese explosive industry was adsorbed by activated coke (AC) from lignite. Since the composition of TNT red water was very complicated, chemical oxygen demand (COD) was used as the index for evaluating the treatment efficiency. This study focused on the sorption kinetics and equilibrium sorption isotherms of AC for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from TNT red water, and the changes of water quality before and after adsorption were evaluated by using high performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC), UV-vis spectra and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectroscopy (GC/MS). The results showed that the sorption kinetics of adsorbing COD from TNT red water onto AC was fitted well with the pseudo-second order model. The adsorption process was an exothermic and physical process. The sorption isotherm was in good agreement with Redlich–Peterson isotherm. At the conditions of initial pH, 20℃ and 3 hr of agitation, when the AC dosage was 160 g L-1, 64.8% of COD could be removed. The removal efficiencies of 2,4-dinitrotoluene-3-sulfonate (2,4-DNT-3-SO3-) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene-5-sulfonate (2,4-DNT-5-SO3-) were 80.5% and 84.3%, respectively. After adsorption, the acute toxicity of TNT red water reduced 81.8%, compared with that of unprocessed TNT red water.     

扬州市危险废物规范化处置的现状及对策

经过多年危险废物规范化管理推进工作,近年来扬州市的危险废物规范化工作已取得了明显成效。本文在分析当前扬州市危险废物处置现状及存在问题的基础上,提出一些行之有效的合理化建议、对策,以更好地促进该地区经济与环境协调发展。     

炉渣填料用于前置反硝化BAF处理生活污水的启动性能研究

曝气生物滤池(BAF)是在普通生物滤池的基础上,借鉴给水滤池工艺开发的污水处理新工艺。以炉渣为填料采用前置反硝化曝气生物滤池处理模拟生活污水,研究了前置反硝化曝气生物滤池处理生活污水的启动状况,考察了启动过程中COD、NH4+-N等主要污染物的去除情况。试验结果表明,在水力负荷为1.74m/h、回流比150%、气水比为3∶1的条件下,COD和NH4+-N分别在35d和45d内得到了有效地去除。其中,COD出水浓度降到30mg/L以下,去除率稳定在85%以上;NH4+-N出水浓度降到10mg/L以下,去除率稳定在65%以上。研究结果表明选用炉渣作填料的前置反硝化曝气生物滤池在相对较短的时间内启动效果良好。     

基于时频变换和卷积神经网络的结构损伤识别∗

为了解决将单传感器时域数据直接作为卷积神经网络（CNN）的输入所引起的损伤识别精度不高的问题，提出基于小波包变换（DWPT）和快速傅里叶变换（FFT）的卷积神经网络识别方法。以短钢梁桥现场试验测得的数据集为例，将单传感器数据样本分别进行 DWPT 和 FFT 变换，使用变换后的特征训练 1D‐CNN 网络，训练好的网络测试精度有明显的提升，其识别精度均高于多个传感器数据直接作为输入的识别精度。同时分析了对噪声样本和异源（结构上未曾参与网络训练的传感器）数据的识别情况，结果表明对含噪声样本先进行时频变换再训练网络能显著提升对噪声样本的识别精度，而且能改善训练好的网络难以对异源传感器数据进行识别的问题，最后通过卡塔尔大学看台现场试验数据进一步论证上述结论。