江汉油田老二站提高水质达标率研究

江汉油田老二站采出水经典处理后回注,出水悬浮物、Fe2+和细菌均超标严重,水质达标率低.通过工艺调整,工艺前段利用SRB的除铁作用大幅度降低Fe2+含量;絮凝沉降阶段依据Fenton反应原理,借助H2O2的氧化除铁与杀菌作用,提高絮凝沉降效率,降低悬浮物含量;工艺末段选用多种杀菌剂交替杀菌.结果表明,工艺调整后以100 mg/L的H2O2代替原絮凝剂,间歇添加100 mg/L的杀菌剂Ⅱ,出水含铁1.5 mg/L、悬浮物3.0 mg/L、SRB 10个/mL,老二站水质达到注水水质标准要求,水质达标率达80％.     

工业污水可生物降解性评价方法研究

针对生化系统经常遭受异常进水或毒性物质冲击的情况,提出了以耗氧速率(OUR)和相对耗氧速率(SOUR)快速评价污水可生物降解性的方法,以提高活性污泥系统的处理效率和运行管理水平。试验结果表明:OUR和SOUR对异常pH值水质条件以及苯酚、甲醛和甲醇等毒性物质的存在都非常敏感。对于大庆石化公司水气厂化工污水处理场的活性污泥来说,甲醛对微生物的毒性最强,甲醇次之,而苯酚则最弱。化工污水处理场活性污泥对三者的允许浓度分别为70、170、350 mg/L。     

华北中部早涝成因的分析研究

本文对北京等华北中部5站1956至1985年旱涝成因进行了分析讨论.结果表明,区域性旱涝主要是在海洋和局地土壤热状况异常作用下产生的.对华北中部而言,冬季黑潮海温与局地地温变化是引起汛期旱涝变异最重要的原因.前期下垫面热源异常对后期旱涝影响往往是通过累积的异常加热造成环流形势和系统的异常而实现的.海温与地温影响降水的机制不同,前者的影响是大尺度的,而后者的影响只是区域性的.当海温异常造成的大尺度环流变化与局地热状况都有利于降水时.洪涝更容易发生,反之易旱.     

Detection of Phaeocystis globosa using sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH)

Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel is one of the common harmful algae species in coastal waters of the southeastern China. In this study, sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect P. globosa. Results showed that this method had good applicability and validity in analyzing the samples from laboratory cultures and from fields. The linear regression equation for P. globosa was obtained, and the lowest detection number of cells was 1.8 × 10⁴ cells. Statistics showed that there was no distinct difference between the results of detecting the microalgae by NPA-SH and traditional microscopy. This technique has good reliability, accuracy, and can give a remarkably high sample processing rate. Sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay will provide an efficient alternative to microscopic method for monitoring and investigating the bloom of P. globosa.     

Electro-assisted regeneration of ion exchange resins

Electro-assisted regeneration (EAR) for the mixed bed of strongly acidic cation and weakly basic anion exchange resins with the Al(OH)3 suspension in a three-compartment cell was investigated. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristic of the regenerated mixed resins. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of resin regeneration was strictly dependent on the voltage, regeneration time, and feed regenerant flow rate. The amount of the effluent reached 50 times the volume of the resins bed, and the conductivity was less than 1.0 μs/cm. Compared to the conventional ER, the total effluent volume of EAR was about 1000 mL more than that of ER under the same conditions, and the outlet conductivity was significantly lower. The desalination and regeneration reaction mechanisms of the mixed resins indicated the regeneration efficiency of resin with Al(OH)₃ as the regenerant was much higher than that with H₂O.     

电感耦合等离子体—质谱法测定成人脏器样品中痕量稀土元素的研究

本文采用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ法对成人脏器样品中痕量稀土元素进行了研究，选择了测定的最佳仪器参数，检查了测定中的各种干扰和影响；用铼（Ｒｅ）为内标元素补偿基体抑制效应和灵敏度的漂移。方法对稀土元素各分量的检出限为０．００５－０．０２６ｎｇ．ｍ１＾－１，标准回收率为９２．９－１１１．３％，精密度为０．９６－３．０７％。在严格分析质量控制的基础上用混合酸消解样品，不须分离富集，直接对成人的心、脾、肝、肾、肺肉中     

焊接缺陷对微生物腐蚀的影响试论煤矿井下快速断电安全技术

微生物腐蚀造成设备快速破坏,影响系统功能,甚至发生工伤事故,已引起人们的重视。笔者研究了微生物对３０４Ｌ不锈钢焊接缺陷的腐蚀影响。在微生物腐蚀（ＭＩＣ）的试验的过程中,对试样的开路电势（ＯＣＰ）进行了测试。结果表明,微生物的存在会促使电势跃迁。当试样发生点蚀时,开路电势又会急剧下降。在一系列的焊接缺陷中,金色的氧化色对微生物腐蚀最敏感。笔者还对点蚀坑上的生物包的形貌、成分及微生物种类进行了分析     

美国对危险废物产生者的管理及启示

文章对美国现行的危险废物产生者的管理法规进行了研究，并对广州市及我国加强危险废物产生者的管理对策提出了建议和设想。     

东南沿海火山岩区地质找矿科技工作新进展

本文介绍东南沿海火山岩区新—轮地质找矿科研工作阶段性成果一基本查明下扬子亚板块和华夏亚板块基底杂岩的差异、基底性质和成因以及地壳生长过程；总结了政和一大埔断裂带变形变质特征及其演化模式；分析并类比了主要构造—成矿区（带）控制区域成矿的地质条件．并以实际资料为依据提出了一批效矿靶区；新编了1：100万东南沿海地质图：建立了适合于储存中、大型矿床以及矿点地质信息的数据库．     

微泄漏静密封的研制和应用

针对目前国内外密封安全环保问题的严峻性,综合国内外调研情况,研制微泄漏法兰密封组件技术,采用恒应力先进理念设计和材料处理技术,进一步提升微泄漏密封的长期密封可靠性和微泄漏密封性能,结合现场应用和资质认证,通过微泄漏密封技术的应用,提高石化装置的本质安全水平。