Detection of Phaeocystis globosa using sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH)

Phaeocystis globosa Scherffel is one of the common harmful algae species in coastal waters of the southeastern China. In this study, sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay (NPA-SH) was used to qualitatively and quantitatively detect P. globosa. Results showed that this method had good applicability and validity in analyzing the samples from laboratory cultures and from fields. The linear regression equation for P. globosa was obtained, and the lowest detection number of cells was 1.8 × 10⁴ cells. Statistics showed that there was no distinct difference between the results of detecting the microalgae by NPA-SH and traditional microscopy. This technique has good reliability, accuracy, and can give a remarkably high sample processing rate. Sandwich hybridization integrated with nuclease protection assay will provide an efficient alternative to microscopic method for monitoring and investigating the bloom of P. globosa.     

Electro-assisted regeneration of ion exchange resins

Electro-assisted regeneration (EAR) for the mixed bed of strongly acidic cation and weakly basic anion exchange resins with the Al(OH)3 suspension in a three-compartment cell was investigated. The desalination experiments were carried out to evaluate the characteristic of the regenerated mixed resins. Experimental results showed that the efficiency of resin regeneration was strictly dependent on the voltage, regeneration time, and feed regenerant flow rate. The amount of the effluent reached 50 times the volume of the resins bed, and the conductivity was less than 1.0 μs/cm. Compared to the conventional ER, the total effluent volume of EAR was about 1000 mL more than that of ER under the same conditions, and the outlet conductivity was significantly lower. The desalination and regeneration reaction mechanisms of the mixed resins indicated the regeneration efficiency of resin with Al(OH)₃ as the regenerant was much higher than that with H₂O.     

油管清洗安全环保技术

分析了传统油管清洗工艺存在的安全环保隐患;介绍了中频高压清洗油管工艺流程及采用中频高压清洗油管工艺后的效果。     

Characterization of bacterial communities during persistent fog and haze events in the Qingdao coastal region

• Light haze had little effect on bacterial communities. • Fog and heavy haze had significant effects on these communities. • Air pollution exerted a greater influence than particle size on bacterial community. Here, we report the characteristics of bacterial communities in aerosols with different particle sizes during two persistent fog and haze events in December of 2015 and 2016 in Qingdao, China. In the early stage of pollution, the accumulation of PM_2.5 led to the accumulation of microorganisms, thus increasing the bacterial richness and diversity of fine particle sizes. With the persistence and aggravation of pollution, the toxic effect was strengthened, and the bacterial richness and diversity of each particle size decreased. When the particle concentration was highest, the richness and diversity were low for each particle size. Light haze had little influence on bacterial communities. The occurrence of highly polluted humid weather and heavy haze resulted in significant changes in bacterial community diversity, composition and structure, and air pollution exerted a greater influence than particle size on bacterial community structure. During persistent fog and haze events, with the increase of pollutants, bacteria associated with each particle size may be extensively involved in aerosol chemistry, but the degree of participation varies, which requires further study.     

嗜热脂肪土芽孢杆菌木聚糖酶基因的合成及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

来自嗜热脂肪土芽孢杆菌的木聚糖内切酶XT6在工业上有着重要的应用,已经成功应用于工业规模的生产试验.本文作者在合成XT6基因全序列的同时对其密码子进行了优化,且构建重组质粒在大肠杆菌中高表达.通过优化表达条件,功能正常的XT6基因在大肠杆菌中成功过量表达,蛋白表达量占细胞中总蛋白的65%.重组表达的木聚糖内切酶XT6特性和天然酶相似,以桦木木聚糖为底物测定细胞提取物中木聚糖酶活性,最大活性高达3 030 U/mL.本文首次报道了来自嗜热脂肪土芽孢杆菌中木聚糖酶基因全序列的合成和在大肠杆菌中成功过量表达.图6表1参19     

氧化与还原条件下水稻土重金属形态特征的对比

还原状态下的水稻土被风干处理后氧化还原等性质发生明显变化,对重金属的形态特征产生影响,进而影响对作物有效性的评价.利用BCR连续萃取法研究了张家港市南部不同pH水稻土在还原和氧化条件下Cu、Pb、Ni和Cd的形态变化状况.结果显示,氧化还原对重金属形态分配具有显著影响,而pH对Ni在还原状态下的形态分配有显著影响,对Cu、Pb和Cd形态分布影响不显著.样品经风干氧化处理后,氧化物结合态重金属均表现为不同程度的降低;Cu残渣态比例增加25%,氧化物结合态和有机结合态比例有所降低;Pb有机结合态比例增加33%,残渣态减少33%,酸可提取态和氧化物结合态变化不大;Ni受氧化还原条件影响更为强烈,表现为酸可提取态所占比例降低超过25%,氧化物结合态亦明显降低,残渣态提高超过60%;对Cd的影响主要表现为有机结合态所占比例降低约15%,残渣态提高约35%,酸可提取态和氧化物结合态变化不明显.氧化状态下的重金属形态并不是重金属在田间的真实状况,可能高估了Pb,低估Cu、Ni和Cd重金属在土壤中的危害性.     

The seasonal and spatial variations in diatom communities and the influence of environmental factors on three temperate reservoirs in Shandong province,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Diatoms play an important role as ecological indicators, and some species of diatoms can easily cause water blooms, thereby decreasing the production...     

盐度对河口区水体中NH_3-N降解的影响研究

为了解咸潮上溯引起的河口区盐度变化对水体中营养盐降解环境的影响,设计了盐度对河口区水体中NH3-N降解的影响实验,即通过室内监测不同盐度条件下水体中NH3-N的降解情况,探讨NH3-N的降解与盐度的关系。结果表明,盐度的存在导致水体中NH3-N的降解出现一定程度的延迟,总体来看,盐度升高,NH3-N的降解延迟时间更长;在低盐度水体中,NH3-N浓度下降更为明显,在前期的降解速率也更高;盐度越高,NH3-N的降解系数越低。因此,应从严控制河口区以NH3-N为代表的营养物的排入总量,并对咸界以下河道适当实行差异化的水质目标管理。     

萃取净化废水中镉的动力学研究简

采用恒界面池研究了二壬基萘磺酸（简称DNNSA或HD）-煤油体系萃取废水中镉离子的动力学。考察了搅拌转速、二壬基萘磺酸浓度、镉离子浓度和温度对萃取速率的影响,并得到了DNNSA萃取废水中镉离子的萃取动力学方程。实验结果表明,镉离子的萃取速率在200 r/min时出现与搅拌强度无关的化学反应动力学“坪区”,FT-IR结果表明,反应产物为磺酸盐;在动力学“坪区”,镉离子萃取速率随着萃取剂浓度、水相中的镉离子浓度增加而增加;随着温度升高,萃取速率增加,萃取活化能为11.8 kJ/mol。