中美新化学物质管理制度的比较

简要叙述了中美两国新化学物质管理的基本情况,分别从管理原则、管理范围、管理具体要求、申报种类、评审程序、监督管理等方面重点论述了中美新化学物质管理制度的特点。通过借鉴美国新化学物质管理的优点及经验,提出了强化和完善中国新化学物质管理制度的对策。     

四氮唑废水处理工艺设计

高浓度、高盐分的四氮唑生产废水通过三效蒸发浓缩,馏出液经铁炭氧微电解和混凝预处理,再采用水解酸化一接触氧化一反应二沉主体组合工艺进行处理。研究了该工艺所需构筑物和设备的设计与选型。该工艺在正常运行条件下,处理后出水pH6～9,COD 302mg／L,BOD5 108mg／L,SS30mg／L,色度36倍,水质达到GB8978--1996（污水综合排放标准》三级标准。     

水体环境中氟喹诺酮类药物的污染现状及分析方法

阐述了水体环境中的氟喹诺酮类（FQs）药物的来源和污染现状,介绍了FQs在水体环境中的迁移、转化和转归途径,归纳了各种当前使用较多的FQs分析检测方法的功能特点和适用条件。指出今后在FQs分析技术的开发上,应注重提高检测容量、降低检出限和削减环境负面影响因素。     

Enhancement of turbulent scalar mixing and its application by a multihole nozzle in selective catalytic reduction of NOx

The mixing characteristics of a passive scalar in the turbulent flow of a selective catalytic reduction process were numerically and experimentally investigated, focusing especially on an injection nozzle with multiple holes for the reducing agent. The multihole injection nozzle studied has six holes that are perpendicular to the ambient flue gas flow and are located near the tip of the nozzle. Large eddy simulation was applied to the turbulent flow and mixing fields to elucidate the mixing mechanism of the proposed nozzle compared with the single-hole nozzle that is commonly used in the conventional selective catalytic reduction process. From the results, there exist broader regions of higher turbulent intensities for the multihole nozzle than for the conventional single-hole nozzle. These regions are well matched with the positions of high vorticity in the near upstream region of the jet flow issuing from the multiple holes of the nozzle. Consequently, the high turbulent intensities and vorticity magnitudes lead to intensified mixing between the flue gas and the reducing agent. Hence, the most suitable molar ratio between NOx and the reducing agent for the catalytic reaction can be easily obtained within a shorter physical mixing length as a result of the enhanced scalar mixing. Finally, the numerical results were applied to a trial design version of a multihole nozzle, and this nozzle was experimentally tested to confirm its mixing performance.     

微波萃取技术在分析土壤中有机污染物的应用

介绍了微波萃取技术及其使用的试剂、设备和条件,对微波萃取在分析土壤中有机污染物的应用予以综述,阐述了微波萃取技术是分析土壤中有机污染物的好方法。     

生物过滤技术在大气污染控制中的应用

生物过滤是控制大气污染的经济有效技术,具有较好的发展前景。本文介绍了生物过滤技术处理废气的研究,应用历史,现状,和生物过滤理论,分析了工艺的使用范围,设计及运行控制要点,列举了应用的范例。     

固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定饮用水中苯类化合物

用固相微苹取(ＳＰＭＥ)－气相色谱/质谱联用法测定饮用水中苯类化合物,以１００μｍ ＰＤＭＳ(聚二甲基硅氧烷)萃取针提取、浓缩、分离与测定九种目标化合物．萃取时间经优化选定为８ｍｉｎ,而热解析时间设定为２ｍｉｎ． 本方法的相对标准偏差小于５%,线性范围宽(２０ｎｇ·ｍｌ－１－１００００ｎｇ·ｍｌ－１),多数化合物的检测限低于５μｇ·ｌ－１．饮用水样品检测显示,样品加标回收率范围在８４%至１１０%内．     

铝铁锡共聚物的合成及其特性研究

合成制备了铝铁锡共聚物,测定分析了其水解共聚合和熟化过程中的pH变化,并通过扫描电镜和混凝实验对共聚物的晶形貌像和絮凝作用进行了研究。结果表明：Sn^4 具有比Fe^3 ,Al^3 更强的水解活性,它有使共聚物的分子趋于均一的作用;铝铁锡共聚物的最佳配比为：NAl∶NFe∶NSn=5∶5∶3,最佳水解度B^*＝2．0,此共聚物具有比CPAFC更优良的絮凝性能。