DNA加合物8-氢基脱氧鸟苷特性研究

作为DNA氧化损伤的生物学标志物，8-羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OH-dG）的特性研究，对稳定、灵敏、准确地定量8-OH-dG，进而研究有毒化学物质对生物体内的氧化损伤很重要，该文研究了氧化损伤DNA中8-OH-dG的分析、水解、储存、稳定性等方面的问题，采用Fenton型产羟自由基系统如螯合剂Fe^2 -H2O2为氧化源，与脱氧鸟苷和小牛胸腺DNA反应，生成的8-OH-dG用高压液相色谱-电化学法检测，并对8-OH-dG的分析条件进行优化，该法最低检出限为32fmol，比光学吸收法高2～3个数量级，线性范围可高达4个数量级，从0.32pmol到3.2nmol，相关系数0.9996。并对酶水解DNA的条件、储存酸度、中性偏酸的缓冲液中损失较少，其形成与所处介质环境有关，在氧化源存在或有氧环境中一定时间内有积累作用，添加抗氧化剂等干预措施后，能灵敏而稳定地对DNA中的8-OH-dG进行测定。     

通信作业环境挥发性有机物的定性分析与表征

了解通信机房作业环境挥发性有机物（VOCs)的种类和污染状况，为制定防治措施提供依据，利用气相色谱-质谱计算机联用系统（GC-MS），对地面和地下共10个典型作业环境的VOCs进行了采集和全谱分析，结果表明，共检出332种污染物质，包括苯系物、脂肪烃、多环芳烃、有机醇、酮、胺、脂、羟酸及杂环化合物等，结论是，通信机房VOCs种类繁多、来源复杂，其联合作用可能是影响工作人员工作效率和身心健康的重要源因之一。     

广东赤红壤、红壤含镉的农作物污染效应及其临界含量研究

通过在广东地区的盆栽试验,研究了赤红壤、红壤重金属镉对水稻和花生的污染效应。并在此基础上提出了广东地区赤红壤中镉的临界含量为0.45mg/kg,红壤为0.56mg/kg。     

水解酸化-序批式活性污泥法(ABR-SBR)处理电泳废水的研究

利用水解酸化 (采用缺氧折流板ABR反应器 ) -序批式活性污泥法 (SBR)工艺对汽车电泳涂装工艺废水进行实验研究 ,分析了ABR的反应时间、容积负荷、内置填料对废水可生化性改善的影响及SBR的运行方式、进水 pH、污泥负荷对有机物去除效果的影响     

An innovative example of herb residues recycling by gasification in a fluidized bed

A utilization way of herb residues is designed to convert herb residues to gas fuel in industrial-scale by a circulating fluidized bed gasifier in this paper. The product gas is used in the production of Chinese medicine, and the heat of the flue gas from the boiler can be used in herb residues drying to realize the energy recycling and no herb residues discharge. The gasification characteristics of herb residues in the circulating fluidized bed of 300 kg/h were investigated for about 200 h. The results indicated that the gas composition and tar yield were affected by biomass flow rate, equivalence ratio (ER), moisture content and char circulating. The lower heating value of product gas was 4–5 MJ/m³ using herb residues as feedstock. When mean biomass flow rate was at 5.5 kg m^?2 s^?1 and ER at 0.35, the product gas reached a good condition with lower heating value of 4.89 MJ/m³ and cold gas efficiency of 62.36%. When the moisture content changed from 12.5% to 18.7%, the concentrations of H₂, CO and CO₂ changed from 4.66% to 6.92%, 11.23% to 10.15%, and 16.55% to 17.82% respectively, and the tar content in gas decreased from 15.1 g/m³ to 14.4 g/m³ when the moisture content increased from 12.5% to 15.4%. There are metal oxides in the ash of herb residues, especially CaO, MgO, K₂O, Al₂O₃, and Fe₂O₃ which have obvious function on tar catalytic decomposition. The ash that attaches to the char particles can decrease the tar yield and improve the quality of gas after returning to the gasifier.     

The impact of airborne particulate matter on pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia among children in Jinan,China: A case-crossover study

This study aims to examine the effect of short-term changes in the concentration of particulate matter of diameter ≤2.5 µm (PM_2.5) and ≤10 µm (PM₁₀) on pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia in Jinan, China. It explores confoundings factors of weather, season, and chemical pollutants. Information on pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia in 2014 was extracted from the database of Jinan Qilu Hospital. The relative risk of pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia was assessed using a case-crossover approach, controlling weather variables, day of the week, and seasonality. The single-pollutant model demonstrated that increased risk of pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia was significantly associated with elevated PM_2.5 concentrations the day before hospital admission and elevated PM₁₀ concentrations 2 days before hospital admission. An increment of 10 μg/m³ in PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ was correlated with a 6% (95% CI 1.02–-1.10) and 4% (95% CI 1.00–1.08) rise in number of admissions for pneumonia, respectively. In two pollutant models, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ remained significant after inclusion of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide but not carbon monoxide. This study demonstrated that short-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM_2.5/PM₁₀) may be an important determinant of pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia in Jinan, China.

Implications: This study demonstrated that short-term exposure to atmospheric particulate matter (PM_2.5/PM₁₀) may be an important determinant of pediatric hospital admissions for pneumonia in Jinan, China, and suggested the relevance of pollutant exposure levels and their effects. As a specific group, children are sensitive to airborne particulate matter. This study estimated the short-term effects attribute to other air pollutants to provide references for relevant studies.     

正渗透复合膜的制备及表征

通过在聚砜铸膜液中加入混合添加剂氯化锂和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),用相转移法制备出多孔支撑层,然后通过界面聚合制备聚酰胺正渗透复合膜,重点研究了添加剂和聚砜浓度对膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明,氯化锂使得膜支撑层指状孔更加均一,提高孔隙率,并降低海绵层的厚度,提高了水通量;PVP增强了膜的亲水性,并易于成膜,在保持截盐率的同时提高了水通量;随着聚砜浓度增大,支撑层孔隙率变小,海绵状孔层变厚,生成的聚酰胺层更加致密,加重过程内浓差极化,水通量降低。采用质量分数为9%聚砜同时添加氯化锂和PVP的膜支撑层结构均一,孔隙率较大(68.0%),表面亲水性较强(接触角48.5°),优于2种商用三醋酸纤维素正渗透膜的孔隙率(32.6%和25.4%)和接触角(76.5°和73.5°);在正渗透过程中的自制膜水通量为21.9 L/(m2·h),均高于2种商用三醋酸纤维素正渗透膜(9.5和14.4 L/(m2·h))和文献报道的正渗透复合膜通量水平,并维持了一定的截盐率(盐通量为19.9 g/(m2·h)),表现出优异的正渗透性能。     

CZB-2型竖直摆钻孔倾斜仪用于地震预报的检测能力分析——以淮南台为例

本文通过淮南台CZB-2型竖直摆钻孔倾斜仪二年观测资料分析,给出了该仪器的映震能力;震后效应;前兆异常的方向性特征,为捕捉淮南近区中强地震提供详实的短临预报依据。     

草甘膦对沉积物-水界面藻类群落结构影响研究

为了探究环境中残留除草剂草甘膦对沉积物-水界面藻类群落结构演替的影响,分别以九龙江两个断面拱桥溪和石龟头的沉积物-水界面藻类群落结构为研究对象,并添加0.05 mg·L^-1草甘膦作为磷源进行实验模拟.结果表明：拱桥溪沉积物-水界面藻类生物量占比为蓝藻：绿藻∶硅藻∶甲藻=0.3%∶7.8%∶91.5%∶0.3%,蓝藻生物量占比低于1%,以硅藻门直链藻属为优势种属;石龟头沉积物-水界面藻类生物量起点占比为蓝藻∶绿藻∶硅藻∶甲藻=20.8%∶58.5%∶19.5%∶1.2%,蓝藻生物量占比大于20%,绿藻门栅藻属、蓝藻门微囊藻属和硅藻门直链藻属为优势种属.草甘膦调控15 d后,拱桥溪沉积物-水界面蓝藻生物量占比从0.3%增长到22.6%,生物量是无机磷组的7.6倍,但硅藻仍为优势门类,这与蓝藻生物量占比低于1%的拱桥溪表层水体藻类群落演替结果类似;而石龟头沉积物-水界面蓝藻生物量占比从20.8%增长到57.8%,生物量是无机磷组的近5倍,蓝藻演替为优势门类,这与蓝藻生物量占比大于15%的石龟头表层水体藻类群落演替结果相似.调控实验表明,在草甘膦胁迫下蓝藻门的增殖能力均表...