Numerical study of the effects of local atmospheric circulations on a pollution event over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China

Currently, the Chinese central government is considering plans to build a trilateral economic sphere in the Bohai Bay area, including Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei(BTH), where haze pollution frequently occurs. To achieve sustainable development, it is necessary to understand the physical mechanism of the haze pollution there. Therefore, the pollutant transport mechanisms of a haze event over the BTH region from 23 to 24 September 2011 were studied using the Weather Research and Forecasting model and the FLEXible-PARTicle dispersion model to understand the effects of the local atmospheric circulations and atmospheric boundary layer structure. Results suggested that the penetration by sea-breeze could strengthen the vertical dispersion by lifting up the planetary boundary layer height(PBLH) and carry the local pollutants to the downstream areas; in the early night, two elevated pollution layers(EPLs) may be generated over the mountain areas: the pollutants in the upper EPL at the altitude of 2–2.5 km were favored to disperse by long-range transport, while the lower EPL at the altitude of 1 km may serve as a reservoir, and the pollutants there could be transported downward and contribute to the surface air pollution.The intensity of the sea–land and mountain–valley breeze circulations played an important role in the vertical transport and distribution of pollutants. It was also found that the diurnal evolution of the PBLH is important for the vertical dispersion of the pollutants,which is strongly affected by the local atmospheric circulations and the distribution of urban areas.     

"磁种-高梯度磁分离"污水除磷技术的研究

通过添加磁种和混凝剂,用高梯度磁分离方法去除污水中正磷酸盐污染物,并对工艺参数进行了探讨.     

气候变化对长江干流区径流量的影响

长江干流区在我国经济发展中有举足轻重的地位,是我国东西经济联系的纽带和桥梁。气候变化是当今气象界讨论的重要课题,其对全球日益紧张的水资源影响已引起各国政府、学者的关注。以重庆、万县、汉口、宜昌、贵池五站为代表,通过长江干流区近８０年观测资料和每站对应的气温、降水资料,分析了气候变化对长江干流区径流量的影响。以分组频率法找出了各站的枯水年、平水年、丰水年。丰枯水年降水量距平百分率分别为２２．６％～３０．８％及－２２．１％～－２９．４％,径流量为６．４～９．６％及－２．７～－７．０％。     

航空垃圾的特性研究及其处理处置探讨

本文通过大量的实测数据,对国内航空垃圾的物理特性和化学元素组成进行了分析,对其排放情况进行了研究,并以此为依据进行了航空的处理和处置的探讨。     

逆向反射镜反射光场的测量

建立了逆反射光场的数学模型，采用整场扫描的方法对逆向反射镜的反射光场进行光度测量，增加了测量信息量，并提出新的评价参数过反光矩ＲＲ。     

某厂金属铜管加工废气处理方法的研究

我国对于大气污染物的排放给予了高度的重视,规定生产中的污染物必须达标排放。对某厂酸洗车间产生的以酸雾和氮氧化物为主的废气采用高效局部排气罩加以集中收集,设计了净化吸收系统,使经过处理的废气达到“大气污染物综合排放标准”中的二级排放要求,并在设计中充分考虑了系统的节能,收到了良好的环保效果。     

TiO2纳米粒子气-固复相光催化氧化VOCs作用的研究进展

本文总结了90年代以来TiO2纳米粒子气-固复相光催化氧化气相有机污染物的影响因素、反应机理和动力学,阐述了几种特定有机污染物的光催化氧化过程,并对应用前景作出展望.     

环保型生物破乳剂的研究及应用

原油破乳的研究是当今国内外油田开采和运输的重要环节之一,目前主要应用的破乳剂是化学破乳剂,但它存在技术、经济以及环保方面的不足。文章针对生物破乳剂的性能,简述了生物破乳剂的作用机理、影响因素、发展背景及应用情况,指出该技术高效环保,发展前景良好。     

海菜花种子的萌发实验研究

为探讨通过种子繁殖恢复重建洱海湖滨带海菜花群落的可能性,开展了室外模拟与室内实验,研究了冷藏、双氧水浸泡、自然状态等3种前处理及水深、基质、温度、光照周期的交互作用对海菜花种子萌发的影响.结果表明：不同前处理、基质对海菜花种子萌发不产生影响,水深、温度、光照周期均对海菜花种子萌发有显著影响.海菜花种子萌发最适宜温度为30℃,最适宜光照周期为Light/Dark=24 h/0 h,最适宜水深为30 em～90cm.自然条件下,受风浪、水体透明度及物种竞争等因素的影响,不宜通过直接抛洒种子恢复重建海菜花群落.