黄淮海平原桐粮间作生物量生长规律探讨

通过对河南省商丘县观堂乡境内桐麦间作群落的定位观测，分析了间作地内泡桐树高、胸径和树冠的生长规律，探讨了不同走向、不同行距桐麦间作地内小麦产量变化的某些规律。研究结果可为该地区在各种生境条件下统一规划乔、灌、作物多层结构的种群格局提供依据和借鉴。     

硝酸盐对毛萼田菁茎瘤固氮的影响

ＫＮＯ３对毛萼田菁（Ｓｅｓｂａｎｉａｒｏｓｔｒａｔａ）茎瘤和根瘤固氮的抑制作用与瘤中积累，碳水化合物减少（特别是蔗糖）以及豆血红蛋白（ｌｇｈｅｍｏｇｌｏｂｉｎ，Ｌｂ）浓度减少和功能受阻相关．经ＫＮＯ３处理的植株的茎瘤类菌体的呼吸作用和固氮活性明显下降．从ＫＮＯ３处理的植株茎瘤中提取的类菌体悬液加上未经ＫＮＯ３处理的正常Ｌｂ可提高固氮活性和耐ｐＯ２；加５ｍｍｏｌ／ＬＫＮＯ２于正常的茎瘤类菌体悬液和Ｌｂ反应体系，引起固氮活性和耐ｐＯ２都降低，证明是Ｌｂ功能受阻的重要因素．施ＫＮＯ３可能还导致茎瘤Ｏ２扩散的阻力增加．     

城市化与生态环境耦合协调度评价研究——以济南市为例

以济南市为研究区域,利用2006年-2015年的统计数据,建立城市化与生态环境协调度评价指标体系,对济南市城市化与生态环境耦合协调关系进行分析与评价。结果表明:2006年-2015年期间,济南市城市化与生态环境耦合度处于拮抗阶段;2006年-2008年期间,城市化与生态环境耦合协调度处于严重不协调阶段,2009年-2015年期间,城市化与生态环境耦合协调度处于基本不协调阶段。正确认识城市化与区域生态环境耦合协调度特征,采取恰当的城市发展战略,改善生态环境,对区域可持续发展具有重要意义。     

某石油化工企业橡胶生产装置职业病危害现状评价

采用职业卫生调查法、检测检验法、工程分析法对某石油化工企业橡胶生产装置工作场所职业病危害因素进行识别、分析和评价,确定了职业病危害关键控制点,对企业的职业卫生管理提出了建议。     

Chemical characteristics of fine particles and their impact on visibility impairment in Shanghai based on a 1-year period observation

In this work, a one-year observation focusing on high time resolution characteristics of components in fine particles was conducted at an urban site in Shanghai. Contributions of different components on visibility impairment were also studied. Our research indicates that the major components of PM_2.5 in Shanghai are water-soluble inorganic ions and carbonaceous aerosol, accounting for about 60% and 30% respectively. Higher concentrations of sulfate (SO₄²⁻) and organic carbon (OC) in PM_2.5 occurred in fall and summer, while higher concentrations of nitrate (NO₃⁻) were observed in winter and spring. The mass concentrations of Cl⁻ and K⁺ were higher in winter. Moreover, NO₃⁻ increased significantly during PM_2.5 pollution episodes. The high values observed for the sulfate oxidizing rate (SOR), nitrate oxidizing rate (NOR) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) in OC indicate that photochemical reactions were quite active in Shanghai. The IMPROVE (Interagency Monitoring of Protected Visual Environments) formula was used in this study to investigate the contributions of individual PM_2.5 chemical components to the light extinction efficient in Shanghai. Both NH₄NO₃ and (NH₄)₂SO₄ had close relationships with visibility impairment in Shanghai. Our results show that the reduction of anthropogenic SO₂, NO_x and NH₃ would have a significant effect on the improvement of air quality and visibility in Shanghai.     

Environmental impacts of a large-scale incinerator with mixed MSW of high water content from a LCA perspective

Large-scale incinerators are applied widely as a result of the heavy burden of municipal solid waste(MSW) generated, while strong opposition is arising from the public living nearby. A large-scale working incineration plant of 1500 ton/day was chosen for evaluation using life cycle assessment. It was found that the corresponding human toxicity impacts via soil(HTs), human toxicity impacts via water(HTw) and human toxicity impacts via air(HTa)categories are 0.213, 2.171, and 0.012 personal equivalents(PE), and global warming(GW100)and nutrient enrichment(NE) impacts are 0.002 and 0.001 PE per ton of waste burned for this plant. Heavy metals in flue gas, such as Hg and Pb, are the two dominant contributors to the toxicity impact categories, and energy recovery could reduce the GW100 and NE greatly. The corresponding HTs, HTw and HTa decrease to 0.087, 0.911 and 0.008 PE, and GW100 turns into savings of- 0.007 PE due to the increase of the heating value from 3935 to5811 k J/kg, if a trommel screener of 40 mm mesh size is used to pre-separate MSW. MSW sorting and the reduction of water content by physical pressure might be two promising pre-treatment methods to improve the combustion performance, and the application of stricter standards for leachate discharge and the flue gas purification process are two critical factors for improvement of the environmental profile identified in this work.