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371.
Jiří Jaromír Klemeš Petar Sabev Varbanov Sauro Pierucci Donald Huisingh 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(9):843-847
This article provides an introduction to this Special Issue of Journal of Cleaner Production (JCLP), which contains thirteen, carefully selected articles from the 12th Conference, “Process Integration, Modelling and Optimisation for Energy Saving and Pollution Reduction” – PRES'09. This issue builds upon the multi-year co-operation between the PRES conference planners and the JCLP. The articles cover important subjects of increased efficiency in energy generation and usage and in improvements in industrial process optimisation. The first group of five papers focuses upon recent advances in emissions reduction and the resulting energy penalties. The second group of four papers deals with improving the efficiency and reliability in the utilisation of renewable energy, where hydrogen and biodiesel are the key energy carriers. The final group of three papers focus on process integration challenges of sustainable energy systems and upon the challenges of industrial/societal integration of sustainable energy systems into regional sustainable development planning. 相似文献
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J.C. Péré M. Mallet V. Pont B. Bessagnet 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(30):3688-3699
This paper presents an aerosol optical scheme developed in the chemistry-transport model CHIMERE dedicated to calculate optical properties of particles. Such developments are very helpful as they complement the usual validation with PM (Particulate Matter) ground-based measurements by using surface (AERONET/PHOTONS network) and satellite (MODIS) remote sensing observations. To reach this goal, Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT), column-averaged Single Scattering Albedo (SSA) and asymmetry parameter (g) are calculated at 440 nm, 675 nm, 870 nm and 1020 nm (AERONET wavelengths) under three hypotheses on the particle mixing state (external, internally homogeneous and core-shell). Furthermore and in addition to optical calculations, an original development has been made to estimate column volume size distributions in CHIMERE, directly comparable with AERONET retrievals. Comparisons between simulations and observations are made over Western Europe for the year 2003 but also for one specific case focused on ammonium nitrate aerosols. Observed AOT display a seasonal cycle (with highest values during summer) rather well reproduced by the model but biases with observational data have been found depending on seasons. In fall, winter and early spring, modeled AOT values agree well with AERONET retrievals with small negative biases. Focus on a pollution episode of ammonium nitrate origin during March 2003 reveals that CHIMERE is able to well reproduce the fine mode volume size distribution retrieved by AERONET, leading to good agreements between modeled and observed AOT. In late spring and summer, AERONET AOT values are underpredicted by the model, which could be due to uncertainties in modeling secondary species. 相似文献
374.
Gergely Hegyi Balázs Rosivall Eszter Szöllősi Marcel Eens János Török 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2011,65(8):1647-1658
Nestling growth is known as an important determinant of fitness in altricial birds, but its evolutionary potential has been
debated, and little is known about detailed patterns of current selection on growth. Relationships are often reported between
nestling growth and attributes of nestlings and parents, but the interpretation of these depends on the advantages a given
growth difference confers to the chicks. Increased growth may have positive, negative or context-dependent effects on offspring
fitness, but these effects are largely unknown in natural populations. We measured growth trajectories of body mass in fostered
broods of collared flycatchers (Ficedula albicollis) in 3 years of contrasting food conditions. We examined the growth of young and their recruitment probability to the breeding
population in relation to year quality, hatching rank, sex, paternal age and paternal attractiveness. We also looked at the
interactive effects of growth and intrinsic offspring attributes on recruitment probability. The predictors of nestling growth
and those of recruitment did not agree. Moreover, the recruitment consequences of a given nestling growth rate were significantly
influenced by nestling rank and paternal ornamentation. Differential recruitment effects of nestling growth in relation to
parental traits and nestling attributes suggest that using growth as a generally applicable measure of nestling quality may
not be justified. These findings also have implications for morphological evolution and the indicator value of sexual signals. 相似文献
375.
G Kiss Z Varga-Puchony B Tolnai B Varga A Gelencsér Z Krivácsy J Hlavay 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2001,114(1):55-61
The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in atmospheric precipitation and aerosol samples was monitored in a rural site by Lake Balaton, Hungary to examine the seasonal variation. The seasonal mean concentration of individual 3-6-ring PAHs in precipitation varied from 1 to 54 ng l-1 and from 3 to 350 ng l-1 in summer and winter, respectively. In the atmospheric aerosol samples the seasonal mean concentration of PAHs varied from 4 to 880 pg m-3, from 4 to 300 pg m-3, from 11 to 1050 pg m-3 and from 36 to 5000 pg m-3 in spring, summer, autumn and winter, respectively. Wet (412 micrograms m-2 year-1) and aerosol (190-300 micrograms m2 year-1) deposition rates were also estimated indicating that the two processes are of comparable importance in the removal of 3-6-ring PAHs from the atmosphere. 相似文献
376.
377.
378.
Janis Hajimichael Gyula Horváth László Pap Sándor Botár István Székely 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):515-519
Abstract SZI‐121, a tetrazine type acaricide, has been improved by Chinoin. The compound is very active against phytophagous mites and has good toxicological and environmental properties. The chemical structure was designed to get improvements in mode of action and efficacy simultaneously. SZI‐121 acts not only as a contact ovicide but due to very good translaminar activity it can enter mites via ingestion. SZI‐121 possesses transovarian activity and it also able to stop the development of mites at chrysalis stages. 相似文献
379.
Caroline Schluth Bérénice Doray Françoise Girard-Lemaire Monique Kohler Bruno Langer Bernard Gasser Véronique Lindner Elisabeth Flori 《黑龙江环境通报》2002,22(13):1177-1180
The 49,XXXXY syndrome is a rare sex chromosome anomaly with an approximate incidence of 1 in 85 000 male live births. The diagnosis is usually ascertained postnatally by the association of mental retardation, variable growth deficiency, Down syndrome-like facial dysmorphy, hypogenitalism and other malformations, especially involving the heart and skeleton. Prenatal diagnosis of the pentasomy 49,XXXXY is generally fortuitous and sonographic features have rarely been described in the literature. We report here on two cases of 49,XXXXY syndrome diagnosed prenatally because of sonographic abnormalities. In the first, amniocentesis was performed at 26 weeks' gestation for polyhydramnios, unilateral clubfoot and micropenis. In the second, a karyotype was carried out on chorionic villi at 13 weeks' gestation for cystic hygroma. These observations and the six previously reported cases demonstrate that cystic hygroma in first or second trimester of pregnancy may be associated with sex chromosome aneuploidy other than Turner syndrome. Moreover, they emphasize the importance of detailed sonographic examination in the second trimester, as small penis and abnormal posturing of the lower extremities are very suggestive of the 49,XXXXY syndrome. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
380.
Jolanta Skowroń Lidia Zapór 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2004,10(2):147-156
Cytotoxicity of resorcinol to 3T3 fibroblast in short- (3 hrs) and long-term (72 hrs or 6 weeks) exposure was investigated. The effects of resorcinol on cell viability (neutral red uptake, NRU assay), mitochondrial function (MTT assay) and total cell protein (Kenacid Blue assay) were estimated. As a model for long-term exposure an INTEGRA CL 6-WELL bioreactor was used. The concentrations of resorcinol producing 20, 50 and 80% inhibition of cell growth in the NRU test were lower than in the MTT test after 3 hrs of exposure. The use of an INTEGRA CL 6-WELL bioreactor allows continuous culturing and exposure to test chemical of cells for several weeks, but the strong adhesiveness of fibroblast and forming aggregates make it difficult to remove them from chambers. Resorcinol in concentration of 1 microg/cm(3) did not decrease the viability of cells to 50% of control in long-term exposure in the bioreactor. 相似文献