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461.
In the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) there exists a unique set of meteorological measurements consisting of the values of vertical atmospheric levels of beta and gamma radiation. In this paper a stochastic data-driven model based on nonlinear regression and on nonhomogeneous Poisson process is suggested. In the first part of the paper, growth curves were used to establish an appropriate nonlinear regression model. For comparison we considered a nonhomogeneous Poisson process with its intensity based on growth curves. In the second part both approaches were applied to the real data and compared. Computational aspects are briefly discussed as well. The primary goal of this paper is to present an improved understanding of the distribution of environmental radiation as obtained from the measurements of the vertical radioactivity profiles by the radioactivity sonde system. 相似文献
462.
This study aimed at investigating the cellular distribution of Hg in the lichens Cladonia arbuscula subsp. mitis and Peltigera rufescens treated with Hg2+ and at testing if Hg treatment affects selected physiological parameters. In both species, increasing Hg accumulation under increasing Hg supply in the treatment solutions was found. P. rufescens showed a higher intracellular accumulation. Photosynthetic parameters were negatively affected in both species, as indicated by the decrease in photosynthetic pigments content, photosynthetic efficiency and chlorophyll integrity. Cell membranes of both species endured damage as indicated by the increase in the concentration of products of lipid peroxidation and decrease in ergosterol content. Nevertheless, differences between the two species were found, suggesting a differential sensitivity to Hg. 相似文献
463.
TiO2/Ca-montmorillonite composites were prepared by wet grinding in an agate mill. Positively charged TiO2 nanoparticles are bound to the surface of the negatively charged montmorillonite layers via heterocoagulation; the clay mineral is used as adsorbent and support for the photooxidation process. Aquatic solution of 0.5mM phenol was degraded by irradiation with UV-VIS light (lambda=250-440 and 540-590 nm) in suspensions of TiO2-clay composites and significant photodegradation was observed at 40-60% TiO2/Ca-montmorillonite compositions. Synergistic effect was detected at solid/liquid interface for degradation of phenol and at solid/gas interface in the recycling flow reactors for photooxidation of ethanol and toluene vapors. 相似文献
464.
Conservation of the marine environment mainly focuses on threatened elements and more precisely on vulnerable and endangered species like birds and mammals. When dealing with the conservation of marine habitats, the scientific community is mainly interested in hot spots of diversity, like seagrass beds in Europe, or hot spots of endemism, like coral reefs in tropical areas. Nevertheless, using the example of a common and widespread marine invertebrate, the sandmason worm (Lanice conchilega, Polychaeta, Terebellidae), we show that vulnerability and rarity are not the only criteria to take into account in order to select the best natural element for conservation. This species can form dense beds that increase biodiversity, are attractive feeding grounds for birds and fishes, and have a high socioeconomic value. In consequence, they have a high functional value that should be considered as an important conservation stake. Through the example of the Chausey archipelago and the Bay of the Mont Saint-Michel (France), we propose a synthetic interdisciplinary approach to evaluate the conservation needs of these beds. The issue is even more pressing when one considers that these natural elements and many similar ones still do not benefit from any legal protection in Europe despite their high heritage value. 相似文献
465.
In this study, economically favorable CoCl2 catalysts at four different amounts were supported on activated carbon (AC) for NaBH4 dehydrogenation. Supported catalyst could achieve hydrogen release for 2,060 cycles, which is equivalent to 103 days of uninterrupted operation. Slow and continuous hydrogen release was observed in all experiments. Even 1 g of NaBH4 can carry 1.2 L of hydrogen, and in hydrolysis process, it liberates 2.5 L of hydrogen that indicates the decomposition of water. EDX analysis and reverse burette measurements show that CoCl2 could be homogeneously distributed on and permanently joined to the support surface. Kinetic investigation of the dehydrogenation reaction fits zero order kinetics, and activation energy was calculated to be 48 kJ/mol. 相似文献
466.
Bour Agathe Mouchet Florence Cadarsi Stéphanie Silvestre Jérôme Baqué David Gauthier Laury Pinelli Eric 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(20):17081-17089
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - We studied the fate and toxicity of two types of CeO2 NPs (bare or citrate-coated) in environmentally relevant conditions, using large indoor... 相似文献
467.
Nurul K. Wan Ahmad Marisa P. de Brito Jafar Rezaei Lóránt A. Tavasszy 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2017,60(4):577-601
This paper proposes a framework for understanding the contextual factors of sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) practices in the O&G industry. It is based on a literature review of studies related to SSCM of O&G topics. The review reveals that there is a lack of SSCM research specific to the industry. Present studies focus on individual stages of its supply chain and do not consider all dimensions of sustainable development, namely economic, environmental and social factors. In addition, existing frameworks lack important contextual aspects of the industry's business and organizational environment. To address these gaps, our research develops an overarching framework operationalizing the internal and external contextual factors of the O&G industry environment that can influence the outcome of its SSCM practices. The proposed framework is useful as a tool in the formulation and implementation of SSCM strategy that enables alignment of a company's internal capabilities with its external environment. 相似文献
468.
Maïté Niepceron Jérémie Beguet Florence Portet-Koltalo Fabrice Martin-Laurent Laurent Quillet Josselin Bodilis 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(4):2977-2987
The effect of phenanthrene on the bacterial community was studied on permanent grassland soil historically presenting low contamination (i.e. less than 1 mg kg?1) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Microcosms of soil were spiked with phenanthrene at 300 mg kg?1. After 30 days of incubation, the phenanthrene concentration decreased rapidly until its total dissipation within 90 days. During this incubation period, significant changes of the total bacterial community diversity were observed, as assessed by automated-ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis fingerprinting. In order to get a deeper view of the effect of phenanthrene on the bacterial community, the abundances of ten phyla and classes (Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiales, Gemmatimonadetes, and Planctomycetes) were monitored by quantitative polymerase chain reaction performed on soil DNA extracts. Interestingly, abundances of some bacterial taxa significantly changed as compared with controls. Moreover, among these bacterial groups impacted by phenanthrene spiking, some of them presented the potential of phenanthrene degradation, as assessed by PAH-ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (PAH-RHDα) gene detection. However, neither the abundance nor the diversity of the PAH-RHDα genes was significantly impacted by phenanthrene spiking, highlighting the low impact of this organic contaminant on the functional bacterial diversities in grassland soil. 相似文献
469.
Caroline Vignet Marie-Hélène Devier Karyn Le Menach Laura Lyphout Jérémy Potier Jérôme Cachot Hélène Budzinski Marie-Laure Bégout Xavier Cousin 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(24):13877-13887
A natural sediment spiked with three individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ref='/search?dc.title=PAHs&facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&sortOrder=relevance' class='reference-link webtrekk-track' gaCategory="Internal link" gaLabel="PAHs" gaAction="reference keyword">PAHs; pyrene, phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene) was used to expose zebrafish embryos and larvae during 4 days. The total PAH concentration was 4.4 μg g?1 which is in the range found in sediment from contaminated areas. Quantification of metabolites in the larvae after exposure confirmed the actual contamination of the larvae and indicated an active metabolism especially for pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene. After a transfer in a clean medium, the larvae were reared to adulthood and evaluated for survival, growth, reproduction, and behavior. Measured endpoints revealed a late disruption of growth (appearing at 5 months) and a trend toward a lower reproductive ability. Adults of embryos exposed to sediment spiked with ref='/search?dc.title=PAHs&facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&sortOrder=relevance' class='reference-link webtrekk-track' gaCategory="Internal link" gaLabel="PAHs" gaAction="reference keyword">PAHs displayed lethargic and/or anxiety-like behaviors. This latter behavior was also identified in offspring at larval stage. All together, these effects could have detrimental consequences on fish performances and contribution to recruitment. 相似文献
470.
Florane Le Bihanic Prescilla Perrichon Laure Landi Christelle Clérandeau Karyn Le Menach Hélène Budzinski Xavier Cousin Jérôme Cachot 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(24):13689-13702
Most persistent organic pollutants, due to their hydrophobic properties, accumulate in aquatic sediments and represent a high risk for sediment quality. To assess the toxicity of hydrophobic pollutants, a novel approach was recently proposed as an alternative to replace, refine and reduce animal experimentation: the medaka embryo–larval sediment contact assay (MELAc). This assay is performed with Japanese medaka embryos incubated on a natural sediment spiked with the compound being tested. With the aim of improving this assay, our study developed a reference exposure protocol with an artificial sediment specifically designed to limit natural sediment composition uncertainties and preparation variability. The optimum composition of the new artificial sediment was tested using a model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), fluoranthene. The sediment was then validated with two other model ref='/search?dc.title=PAHs&facet-content-type=ReferenceWorkEntry&sortOrder=relevance' class='reference-link webtrekk-track' gaCategory="Internal link" gaLabel="PAHs" gaAction="reference keyword">PAHs, benz[a]anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. Various developmental end points were recorded, including survival, embryonic heartbeat, hatching delay, hatching success, larval biometry and abnormalities. The final artificial sediment composition was set at 2.5 % dry weight (dw) Sphagnum peat, 5 % dw kaolin clay and 92.5 % dw silica of 0.2- to 0.5-mm grain size. In contrast with natural sediments, the chemical components of this artificial matrix are fully defined and readily identifiable. It is totally safe for fish embryos and presents relatively high sorption capacities for hydrophobic compounds. Studies with other hydrophobic and metallic contaminants and mixtures should be performed to further validate this artificial sediment. 相似文献