PCDD/F formation during thermal desorption of chlorobenzene contaminated soil

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Unintentional formation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) is observed and investigated during the thermal desorption in...     

Energy transfer and kinetics in mechanochemistry

Mechanochemistry (MC) exerts extraordinary degradation and decomposition effects on many chlorinated, brominated, and even fluorinated persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, its application is still limited by inadequate study of its reaction kinetic aspects. In the present work, the ball motion and energy transfer in planetary ball mill are investigated in some detail. Almost all milling parameters are summarised in a single factor—total effective impact energy. Furthermore, the MC kinetic between calcium oxide/Al and hexachlorobenzene is well established and modelled. The results indicate that total effective impact energy and reagent ratio are the two factors sufficient for describing the MC degradation degree of POPs. The reaction rate constant only depends on the chemical properties of reactants, so it could be used as an important index to appraise the quality of MC additives. This model successfully predicts the reaction rate for different operating conditions, indicating that it could be suitably applied for conducting MC reactions in other reactors.

     

A triangular fuzzy TOPSIS-based approach for the application of water technologies in different emergency water supply scenarios

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Because of the increasing frequency and intensity of unexpected natural disasters, providing safe drinking water for the affected population following...     

苯乙烯聚合紧急泄放动态模拟与工程优化

针对苯乙烯聚合飞温泄放无完善理论模型、经验公式计算不准确问题,构建了苯乙烯聚合反应紧急泄放理论模型,通过动态模拟软件DYNSIM模拟火灾和聚合反应飞温对苯乙烯系统泄放的影响.结果表明,对于火灾引发苯乙烯紧急泄放,理论模型能够准确计算泄放量,并通过动态模拟及防火保温措施有效降低总体泄放量,合理构建优化安全泄放管网,提高工业生产经济性.     

Atmospheric emission characterization of a novel sludge drying and co-combustion system

A novel system combining sludge drying and co-combustion with coal was applied in disposing sludge and its atmospheric emission characteristics were tested. The system was composed of a hollow blade paddle dryer, a thermal drying exhaust gas control system, a 75 tons/hr circulating fluidized bed and a flue gas cleaning system. The emissions of NH3, SO2, CH4 and some other pollutants released from thermal drying, and pollutants such as NOx, SO2 etc. discharged by the incinerator, were all tested. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans （PCDD/Fs） in the flue gas from the incinerator were investigated as well. The results indicated that the concentrations of NOx and SO2 in the flue gas from the incinerator were 145 and 16 mg/m^3, respectively, and the I-TEQ concentration of 2,3,7,8-substitued PCDD/Fs was 0.023 ng I-TEQ/Nm^3. All these values were greatly lower than the emission standards of China. In addition, there was no obvious odor in the air around the sludge dryer. The results demonstrated that this drying and co-combustion system is efficient in controlling pollutants and is a feasible way for large-scale treatment of industrial sludge and sewage sludge.     

花椒叶浸提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感作用

研究了不同浓度的花椒叶浸提液(5、10、20、40、80 g L-1)对3个大豆品种种子萌发、幼苗生长的化感作用.结果表明:花椒对大豆化感效应的总体趋势为浸提液浓度越高,对大豆生长的抑制作用越强;高于40 g L-1的浓度处理,主要形态和生化指标都表明大豆生长受到显著抑制或破坏;在小于20 g L-1的浓度范围内,化感作用能够提高低活力种子的萌发率,但降低了种子发芽指数和发芽速度,且化感作用受受体品种差异和自身种子活力的影响而表现不一致;随着化感物质浓度增高,SOD酶活显著降低,丙二醛(MDA)含量持续增高.大豆幼苗各器官或组织受花椒化感作用的影响大小依次为根生物量>地上部生物量>株高>根长.图2表3参12     

机械化升级改造前后煤矿对环境空气中SO2的浓度贡献变化

依据《环境影响评价技术导则大气环境(HJ2.2- 2008)》的要求,利用导则推荐的ADMS空气质量模式,模拟计算机械化升级改造前后煤矿对周边环境空气中SO2的浓度贡献情况,主要包括项目排放对环境空气敏感区、最大地面小时浓度、最大地面日均浓度和年均浓度的影响.由模拟结果可知,本项目实施后对周围环境空气质量的影响较小,项...     

水分条件对中山杉406光合特性的影响

采用室内盆栽方式,以两年生落羽杉属杂交树种中山杉406(Taxodium‘Zhongshanshan 406’)为试验材料,设置对照、渍水和淹水3种处理,研究了水分条件对中山杉406叶片的叶绿体色素、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)和胞间CO2摩尔分数(Ci)等光合特性的影响。结果表明,中山杉406的叶绿素a、叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素质量分数随土壤水分增加而逐渐降低,但处理间均无显著差异。同样,不同处理间的Tr、Gs和Ci等光合参数无明显规律。光合-光强响应曲线表现出明显的光饱和限制。不同光强下,对照与淹水处理的中山杉406叶片净光合速率高于渍水处理,但处理间没有显著差异。而光饱和在对照处理显著(P<0.05)高于渍水和淹水处理。在渍水和淹水下,中山杉406的光合特性没有发生明显变化,表明其具有良好的耐湿耐水特性,在湿地的恢复与构建方面有广阔的应用前景。