基于FLACS的LNG船舶泄漏爆炸过程数值模拟研究

为研究大尺寸、全场景下LNG船舶卸货作业过程中的泄漏爆炸风险,构建某LNG接收站及其周边20.5 km2的区域场景模型,采用FLACS软件数值模拟LNG泄漏扩散、气云爆炸的演化过程.结果表明:LNG从卸料臂处以满输速率持续泄漏5 min,最大液池面积17 047 m2,最大汽化速率350 kg/m3,遇点火源发生气云爆...     

高铁时代到来的区域影响和意义

近年来,全国范围内的高铁网络建设成为全社会关注的焦点之一。高铁之所以倍受青睐,是在于其显著优点：速度快、输送能力大、安全性好、舒适方便、能耗低、经济效益好。伴随着“四纵四横”客运专线建设的全面展开,我国将步入高铁时代。高铁缩短了人流、物流、信息流的时空距离,开启了一个新经济时代的来临。因此,高铁时代的到来势必将具有深远的区域影响和意义。高铁将加速和放大都市经济圈同城效应,改变人们的生产、生活方式;高铁将加快中心城市引领的大区域板块的融合和共促共赢;高铁将促进旅游、房地产等沿线产业的升级,推进沿线城市规划的重新布局;高铁将引发空、陆、水三大现代交通运输方式的重组,带来人们出行方式的多样化     

Profile of Methane Concentrations in Soil and Atmosphere in Alpine Steppe Ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau

The methane concentration profile from -1.5m depth in soil to 32m height in air was measured in alpine steppe located in the permafrost area. Methane concentrations showed widely variations both in air and in soil during the study period. The mean concentrations in atmosphere were all higher than those in soil, and the highest methane concentration was found in air at the height of 16m with the lowest concentration occurring at the depth of 1.5m in soil. The variations of atmospheric methane concentrations did not show any clear pattern both temporally and spatially, although they exhibited a more steadystable state than those in soil. During the seasonal variations, the methane concentrations at different depths in soil were significantly correlated （R^2〉0.6） with each other comparing to the weak correlations （R^2〈0.2） between the atmospheric concentra- tions at different heights. Mean methane concentrations in soil significantly decreased with depth. This was the compositive influence of the decreasing production rates and the increasing methane oxidation rates, which was caused by the descent soil moisture with depth. Although the methane concentrations at all depths varied widely during the growing season, they showed very distinct temporal variations in the non-growing season. It was indicated from the literatures that methane oxidation rates were positively correlated with soil temperature. The higher methane concentrations in soil during the winter were determined by the lower methane oxidation rates with decreasing soil temperatures, whereas methane production rates had no reaction to the lower temperature. Relations between methane contribution and other environmental factors were not discussed in this paper for lacking of data, which impulse us to carry out further and more detailed studies in this unique area.     

光解法处理有机汞污水的探索

本文用自由基捕捉剂亚硝基叔丁烷(MNP),2,3,5,6-四甲基亚硝基苯(ND)及苯亚甲基叔丁基氮氧化物(PBN)与ESR相结合的方法研究了二苯基汞(DPM)在胶束中光解产生的活泼自由基。结果表明:(1)在含有表面活性剂的水体系中,DPM光解产生苯基自由、基并可被MNP捕获;(2)在含有表面活性剂的某些有机溶剂RH中,DPM光解不仅产生自由基C_6H_5,并且随溶剂不同,C_6H_5可夺取溶剂RH上的活泼氢而产生次级自由基R,它们均能被ND或PBN捕获。     

MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF EVACUATION PROCESS IN FLOOD DETENTI

ＭＯＤＥＬＬＩＮＧＡＮＤＳＩＭＵＬＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＥＶＡＣＵＡＴＩＯＮＰＲＯＣＥＳＳＩＮ　ＦＬＯＯＤＤＥＴＥＮＴＩＯＮＢＡＳＩＮＱｕａｎＡｎｓｈｏｕ；（全安寿）；ＧｕｏＳｈａｏｘｉ；（郭绍喜）；ＧｕａｎＹａｊｉ；（关亚骥）ＬｉＧｕｏｘｉｎ；（李国新）；...     

沱江水系污染与防治的初探

近十年来,随着工业的迅速发展,工业“三废”加剧了对沱江的污染,其影响和危害已受到各方的关注。本文根据近年来的调查及水质监测资料,试对沱江水系的污染状况及特点进行初步分析,并提出防治污染的几点粗浅看法,以供讨论。     

四川石斛属植物新资源

四川石斛属植物新资源徐利国，黄仁琼，余再柏（四川省中药研究所，重庆６３００６５）５０年代前，四）１１曾产高档药材金耳环［’ｊ，但不知其来源，其后断档、到７０年代，又有经产区加工送到陕西汉中等地交售，品名金石融，当时收购价达４８０元兑ｇ。通过对布拖、冕...     

跟踪拍照识别白鱀豚的研究

作者从１９８６年起开展了照相识别白豚的研究。通过反复试验，采用多船弧形跟踪、单船切入拍照的方法，在观察到白豚的４８天中，共拍得１６００张照片并从中识别出１０头白暨豚。除了白暨豚背鳍上的自然标记能有效地用于个体识别之外，豚体上的色斑、图象等亦能用于个体识别。作者由此获得了白豚群体组成变化和迁移距离等科学资料，对深入研究白暨豚生态学有重要意义。     

紫外-Fenton试剂的作用机理及在废水处理中的应用

本文研究了紫外光、铁离子对过氧化氢的催化分解作用.证实了紫外光和铁离子对过氧化氢的催化分解存在协同效应,并通过研究三价铁离子与紫外光的相互作用,探讨了协同效应产生的机理.UV-Fenton试剂对硝基苯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)模拟废水的处理结果表明:将紫外光引入Fenton试剂可大大提高Fen-ton试剂的氧化性能,对生物难降解或难化学氧化的有机污染物具有良好的处理效果.