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51.
Treatment of tannery wastewater in a pilot-scale hybrid constructed wetland system in Bangladesh 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
This paper reports the pollutant removal performances of a hybrid wetland system in Bangladesh for the treatment of a tannery wastewater. The system consisted of three treatment stages: a subsurface vertical flow (VF) wetland, followed by a horizontal flow (HF) and a VF wetland. The wetlands were planted with common reed (Phragmites australis), but employed different media, including organic coco-peat, cupola slag and pea gravel. In the first stage, experimental results demonstrated significant removal of ammonia (52%), nitrate (54%), BOD (78%), and COD (56%) under high organics loading rate (690 g COD m−2 d−1); simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and organics degradation were attributed to the unique characteristics of the coco-peat media, which allowed greater atmospheric oxygen transfer for nitrification and organic degradation, and supply of organic carbon for denitrification. The second stage HF wetland produced an average PO4 removal of 61%, primarily due to adsorption by the iron-rich cupola slag media. In the third treatment stage, which was filled with gravel media, further BOD removal (78%) from the tannery wastewater depleted organic carbon, causing the accumulation of NO3 in the wastewater. Overall, the average percentage removals of NH3-N, NO3-N, BOD, COD, and PO4 were 86%, 50%, 98%, 98% and 87%, respectively, across the whole hybrid system. The results provided a strong evidence to support widespread research and application of the constructed wetland as a low-cost, energy-efficient, wastewater treatment technology in Bangladesh. 相似文献
52.
Masturi Mikrajuddin Abdullah Khairurrijal 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2011,13(3):225-231
Simple mixing and hot pressing methods were used to make composites from home waste—in particular, paper and dry leaves—using
polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) as an adhesive and silica nanoparticles as filler. The optimum composition for the strongest composites,
in terms of compressive strength, had a mass ratio of silica nanoparticles/PVAc/(paper + dry leaves) of 3:80:280. With this
mass ratio, a compressive strength of 68.50 MPa was obtained for samples prepared at a pressing temperature of 150°C, pressing
pressure of 100 MPa, and pressing time of 20 min. The addition of silica nanoparticles increased the compressive strength
by about 50%, compared with composites made without the addition of nanosilica (45.60 MPa). Higher compressive strength was
obtained at a higher pressing pressure. At a pressing pressure of 120 MPa, pressing temperature of 150°C, and pressing time
of 20 min, a compressive strength of 69.10 MPa was obtained. When the pressing time was increased to 45 min at a pressing
pressure of 120 MPa, a compressive strength of 84.37 MPa was measured. A model was also proposed to explain the effects of
pressing pressure and pressing time on compressive strength. The model predictions were in good agreement with the experimental
data. 相似文献
53.
Jianlin Hu Qi Ying Jianjun Chen Abdullah Mahmud Zhan Zhao Shu-Hua Chen Michael J. Kleeman 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(2):215-226
Comparisons were made between three sets of meteorological fields used to support air quality predictions for the California Regional Particulate Air Quality Study (CRPAQS) winter episode from December 15, 2000 to January 6, 2001. The first set of fields was interpolated from observations using an objective analysis method. The second set of fields was generated using the WRF prognostic model without data assimilation. The third set of fields was generated using the WRF prognostic model with the four-dimensional data assimilation (FDDA) technique. The UCD/CIT air quality model was applied with each set of meteorological fields to predict the concentrations of airborne particulate matter and gaseous species in central California. The results show that the WRF model without data assimilation over-predicts surface wind speed by ~30% on average and consequently yields under-predictions for all PM and gaseous species except sulfate (S(VI)) and ozone(O3). The WRF model with FDDA improves the agreement between predicted and observed wind and temperature values and consequently yields improved predictions for all PM and gaseous species. Overall, diagnostic meteorological fields produced more accurate air quality predictions than either version of the WRF prognostic fields during this episode. Population-weighted average PM2.5 exposure is 40% higher using diagnostic meteorological fields compared to prognostic meteorological fields created without data assimilation. These results suggest diagnostic meteorological fields based on a dense measurement network are the preferred choice for air quality model studies during stagnant periods in locations with complex topography. 相似文献
54.
Determining the heavy metal pollution in Denizli (Turkey) by using Robinio pseudo-acacia L 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The leaves of Robinia pseudo-acacia L. (Fabaceae) were evaluated as a biomonitors of heavy metal contamination in Denizli city, Turkey. Concentrations of Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu, Mn and Cd were determined in washed and unwashed leaves and soils collected from a wide range of sites with different degrees of metal pollution (industry, urban roadside, suburban) and from a rural (control) site by atomic absorption spectrometry. All the elements that measured were found to be at high levels in samples collected at industrial sites, except for lead and copper which were found at high levels in samples collected from urban roadsides that associated with the road traffic. The strong correlation between the degree of contamination and concentrations in all plant leaves assessed display that the leaves of R. pseudo-acacia reflect the environmental changes accurately, and that they seem as an effective biomonitor of environmental quality in areas subjected to industrial and traffic pollutions. 相似文献
55.
Abdullah Bugrahan Karaveli Bulent G. Akinoglu 《International Journal of Green Energy》2018,15(5):333-346
In assessing and deciding the prediction schemes of solar irradiation countrywide, better the accuracy means better the management of energy transition toward renewables. Consequently, the present study is on the development of new models to make the most accurate possible estimations of the global and diffuse solar irradiation based on ground measurements. Such analysis produces the most accurate estimations for the input of solar energy systems. This is utmost significant for deciding the investments on solar energy systems and their design periods. Turkey is a high-potent country whose solar energy market has been growing rapidly. She doesn’t have adequate reliable measurement network and there is no estimation methodology developed for each and every point within its territory. Moreover, installing such a measurement system network doesn’t seem to be economically feasible and technically possible, inter alia. Accordingly, this study defines a methodology to make the most accurate estimations of monthly mean daily solar irradiation on horizontal surface and its diffuse and beam components. For the global and diffuse estimations, new methodologies in linear and quadratic forms are developed, compared, and discussed. The comparison is applied by using mean bias error and root mean square error statistical comparison methods. The measured data values used for modeling and comparisons are provided from the State Meteorological Service of Turkey responsible authority for solar irradiation measurements. The results revealed that the methodologies explained in this study give very high accurate values of total solar irradiation on a horizontal surface and its diffuse component. 相似文献
56.
Jayapal Subramaniam Kadarkarai Murugan Chellasamy Panneerselvam Kalimuthu Kovendan Pari Madhiyazhagan Palanisamy Mahesh Kumar Devakumar Dinesh Balamurugan Chandramohan Udaiyan Suresh Marcello Nicoletti Akon Higuchi Jiang-Shiou Hwang Suresh Kumar Abdullah A. Alarfaj Murugan A. Munusamy Russell H. Messing Giovanni Benelli 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2015,22(24):20067-20083
57.
58.
Tabish Mohammad Khatoon Aisha Alkahtani Saad Alkahtane Abdullah Alghamdi Jawahir Ahmed Syed Anees Mir Snober S Albasher Gadah Almeer Rafa Al-Sultan Nouf K. Aljarba Nada H. Al-Qahtani Wedad Saeed AL-Zharani Mohammed Nayak Amit Kumar Hasnain Md Saquib 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(30):40311-40321
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The World Health Organization (WHO) recognized a novel coronavirus as the causative agent of a new form of pneumonia. It was subsequently named... 相似文献
59.
Floating roof storage tank boilover 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ibrahim M. Shaluf Salim A. Abdullah 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2011,24(1):1-7
Storage tanks are important facilities for the major hazard installations (MHIs) to store large quantity of crude oil. There is several fire types can occur with large diameter open top floating roof storage tanks. Boilover is considered one of the most dangerous fires in large-scale oil tank. The world has witnessed many incidents due to boilover in floating roof storage tank. Boilover problem has been studied in experiments and by models to understand how to control the boilover phenomena. An experimental study has been carried out in Jebel Dhanna (JD) terminal area by Abu Dhabi Company for Onshore Oil Operations (ADCO) with support of Resource Protection International (RPI) consultant. 2.4 m diameter and 4.5 m diameters pans have been used to study the characteristics of the large oil-tank fires (i) to gain more knowledge of the boilover phenomenon of crude oil (ii) verify if the crude oil stored by ADCO would boilover (ii) estimation of rate of hot-zone growth and the period needed from ignition to boilover (iii) estimation of radiant heat and consequences of boilover. This paper presents an overview on the floating roof storage tank boilover. The paper also presents briefly boilover experimental research study carried out by ADCO. 相似文献
60.
Toxic metal (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) and organochlorine residue levels in hake (Merluccius merluccius) from the Marmara Sea, Turkey 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Toxic metals (Pb, Cd, As and Hg) and organochlorine residue levels were measured in hake (Merluccius merluccius) from the Marmara Sea. Biota samples were collected by a trawling cruise of the R/V ARAR in August and December 2009. The concentrations of toxic metals varied between Pb, 3.23-14.4; Cd, <0.01-2.14; Hg, 0.01-0.18 and As, 0.01-0.21 [Formula: see text]g g(-1) dry wt. Pb levels in the Marmara Sea were found to be higher than the critical limits set by the both Turkish Ministry of Environment for Aquatic Products (1 μg g(-1) wet wt.) and European countries (2.0 μg g(-1), UNEP 1985). In contrast, As and Hg levels were found to be lower than the critical limits for two periods. Cd contents of fish from the Marmara Sea were also comparable to or slightly lower than contents of fish from the Southern Black Sea Shelf. The results of organochlorine residues ranged between total HCH, <0.05 and 99 ng g(-1); endrin, <0.001 and 381 ng g(-1); alpha-endosulphan, <0.05 and 90 ng g(-1); beta-endosulphan, <0.05 and 15.3 ng g(-1); o,p DDE, 3.5 and 52.4 ng g(-1); p,p DDE, 7.4 and 139 ng g(-1); o,p DDD, 1.5 and 90.2 ng g(-1) and p,p DDD, 2.7 and 86 ng g(-1) wet weight. The rivers for the distribution of organochlorine levels in the Marmara Sea ordered from highest to lowest as Dil R. > Susurluk R. > Biga R. > G?nen R. The high levels of o,p and p,p DDE, and o,p and p,p DDD compounds, which are metabolites of DDT, indicate its illegal use. Toxic metal and organochlorine residue levels of fish are significantly higher than levels from the Mediterranean Sea. 相似文献