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531.
Gabriel J. Reyes-Rodríguez Adriana Gioda Olga L. Mayol-Bracero Jeff Collett 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(27):4171-4177
Chemical characterization to determine the organic and nitrogen fractions was performed on cloud water samples collected in a mountaintop site in Puerto Rico. Cloud water samples showed average concentrations of 1.09 mg L?1 of total organic carbon (TOC), of 0.85 mg L?1 for dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and of and 1.25 mg L?1 for total nitrogen (TN). Concentrations of organic nitrogen (ON) changed with the origin of the air mass. Changes in their concentrations were observed during periods under the influence of African dust (AD). The ON/TN ratios were 0.26 for the clean and 0.35 for the AD periods. Average concentrations of all these species were similar to those found in remote environments with no anthropogenic contribution. In the AD period, for cloud water the concentrations of TOC were 4 times higher and TN were 3 times higher than during periods of clean air masses associated with the trade winds. These results suggest that a significant fraction of TOC and TN in cloud and rainwater is associated to airborne particulate matter present in dust. Functional groups were identified using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy. This characterization led to the conclusion that water-soluble organic compounds in these samples are mainly aliphatic oxygenated compounds, with a small amount of aromatics. The ion chromatography results showed that the ionic species were predominantly of marine origin, for air masses with and without African dust influence, with cloud water concentrations of NO3? and NH4+ much lower than from polluted areas in the US. An increase of such species as SO42?, Cl?, Mg2+, K+ and Ca2+ was seen when air masses originated from northwest Africa. The changes in the chemical composition and physical properties of clouds associated with these different types of aerosol particles could affect on cloud formation and processes. 相似文献
532.
Solano Ricardo Patiño-Ruiz David Tejeda-Benitez Lesly Herrera Adriana 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(14):16962-16981
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The production and demand of nanoparticles in the manufacturing sector and personal care products, release a large number of engineered nanoparticles... 相似文献
533.
Correia Felipo Obed Almeida Tarcísio Silva Garcia Rui Lorenzo Queiroz Antônio Fernando S. Smichowski Patricia da Rocha Gisele Olímpio Araujo Rennan Geovanny O. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(21):21416-21424
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this work, fast sequential determination and chemical speciation analysis of inorganic arsenic and antimony in airborne particulate matter... 相似文献
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Castañeda-Espinoza Joel Salinas-Sánchez David Osvaldo Mussali-Galante Patricia Castrejón-Godínez María Luisa Rodríguez Alexis González-Cortazar Manasés Zamilpa-Álvarez Alejandro Tovar-Sánchez Efraín 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):2509-2529
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. is a plant with a wide distribution that expands throughout almost all Mexican territory and is used in traditional... 相似文献
538.
Patricia Millner David Ingram Walter Mulbry Osman A. Arikan 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(11):1992-1999
Spread of manure pathogens is of considerable concern due to use of manure for land application. In this study, the effects of four static pile treatment options for bovine manure on die-off of a generic Escherichia coli, E. coli O157:H7 surrogate, Salmonella Senftenberg, Salm. Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes were evaluated. Bovine manure spiked with these bacteria were placed in cassettes at the top, middle, and bottom sections of four static pile treatments that reflect minimal changes in pile construction with and without straw. Temperatures were monitored continuously during the 28 day self-heating period. E. coli and salmonellae were reduced from 8 to 9 log10 CFU g?1 to undetectable levels (<1.77 log10 MPN g?1) at 25–30 cm depths within 7 days in all pile sections except for the manure-only pile in which 3–4 logs of reduction were obtained. No L. monocytogenes initially present at 6.62 log10 CFU g?1 were recovered from straw-amended piles after 14 days, in contrast with manure-only treatment in which this pathogen was recovered even at 28 days. Decline of target bacterial populations corresponded to exposure to temperatures above 45 °C for more than 3 days and amendments of manure with straw to increase thermophilic zones. Use of straw to increase aeration, self-heating capacity, and heat retention in manure piles provides producers a minimal management option for composting that enhances pathogen die-off and thereby reduces risk of environmental spread when manure is applied to land. 相似文献
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