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161.
162.
Huffman GP Huggins FE Shah N Huggins R Linak WP Miller CA Pugmire RJ Meuzelaar HL Seehra MS Manivannan A 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2000,50(7):1106-1114
Combustion experiments were carried out on four different residual fuel oils in a 732-kW boiler. PM emission samples were separated aerodynamically by a cyclone into fractions that were nominally less than and greater than 2.5 microns in diameter. However, examination of several of the samples by computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) revealed that part of the PM2.5 fraction consists of carbonaceous cenospheres and vesicular particles that range up to 10 microns in diameter. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy data were obtained at the S, V, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, and As K-edges and at the Pb L-edge. Deconvolution of the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) region of the S spectra established that the dominant molecular forms of S present were sulfate (26-84% of total S) and thiophene (13-39% of total S). Sulfate was greater in the PM2.5 samples than in the PM2.5+ samples. Inorganic sulfides and elemental sulfur were present in lower percentages. The Ni XANES spectra from all of the samples agreed fairly well with that of NiSO4, while most of the V spectra closely resembled that of vanadyl sulfate (VO.SO4.xH2O). The other metals investigated (i.e., Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb) also were present predominantly as sulfates. Arsenic was present as an arsenate (As+5). X-ray diffraction patterns of the PM2.5 fraction exhibit sharp lines due to sulfate compounds (Zn, V, Ni, Ca, etc.) superimposed on broad peaks due to amorphous carbons. All of the samples contain a significant organic component, with the loss on ignition (LOI) ranging from 64 to 87% for the PM2.5 fraction and from 88 to 97% for the PM2.5+ fraction. Based on 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, the carbon is predominantly condensed in graphitic structures. Aliphatic structure was detected in only one of seven samples examined. 相似文献
163.
Unregulated emissions from a diesel engine equipped with vanadium-based
urea-SCR catalyst 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
The present work is aimed at the study of number-size distribution of particles,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and carbonyl compounds(CC) or carbonyls emitted from a 4-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine equipped with a vanadium-based urea selective catalytic reduction catalyst.The engine was run on an electric dynamometer in accordance with the European steady-state cycle.Pollutants were analyzed using an electric low pressure impactor,a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer,and a high performance liquid chromatography system for the number-size distribution of particles,VOCs,and CC emissions,respectively.Experimental results revealed that total number of particles were decreased,and their number-size distributions were moved from smaller sizes to larger sizes in the presence of the catalyst.The VOCs were greatly reduced downstream of the catalyst.There was a strong correlation between the conversion of styrene and ethyl benzene.The conversion rate of benzene increased with increase of catalyst temperature.Formaldehyde,acetaldehyde,acrolein and acetone were significantly reduced,resulting in a remarkable abatement in carbonyls with the use of the vanadium-based urea-SCR system. 相似文献
164.
Asad Naeem Shah Yunshan Ge Jianwei Tan Zhihua Liu Chao He Tao Zeng 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(8):1449-1456
Two after treatment units, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and continuously regenerating trap (CRT), were independently retrofitted to a diesel engine, with the objective to investigate their impact on the conversion/reduction (CR) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The experiments were conducted under the European steady state cycle (ESC) first without any retrofits to get baseline emissions, and then with SCR and CRT respectively, on the same engine. The particulate matter (PM)-phase PAHs were trapped in fiberglass filters, whereas gas-phase PAHs were collected in cartridges, and then analyzed using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Both PM-phase and gas-phase PAHs were greatly reduced with CRT showing respective CR of 90.7% and above 80%, whereas only gas-phase PAHs were abated in the case of SCR, with CR of above 75%. Lower molecular weight (LMW) PAHs were in abundance, while naphthalene exhibited a maximum relative contribution (RC) to LMW-PAHs for all three cases. Further, the CR of naphthalene and anthracene were increased with increasing catalyst temperature of SCR, most likely due to their conversion to solid particles. Moreover, the Benzo[a]Pyrene equivalent (BaPeq) of PAHs was greatly reduced with CRT, owing to substantial reduction of total PAHs. 相似文献
165.
Siddiqui Shahida Anusha Wu Yuan Seng Saikia Trideep Ucak İlknur Afreen Maliha Shah Mohd Asif Ayivi Raphael D. 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(5):2789-2823
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Issues of climate change, energy demand, and natural resources depletion are calling for circular methods to produce value-added products such as biomass, biofuel,... 相似文献
166.
Tan Yan-Ling Yiew Thian-Hee Habibullah Muzafar Shah Chen Jen-Eem Mat Kamal Siti Nuur-Ila Saud Nur Adilah 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):2754-2770
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Although increased attempts to preserve biodiversity ecosystems have been widely publicized, bibliometric research of biodiversity loss remains... 相似文献
167.
Imran Muhammad Islam Azhar Ul Tariq Muhammad Adnan Siddique Muhammad Hussnain Shah Noor Samad Khan Zia Ul Haq Amjad Muhammad Din Salah Ud Shah Ghulam Mustafa Naeem Muhammad Asif Nadeem Muhammad Nawaz Muhammad Rizwan Muhammad 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(24):24489-24502
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study aims at evaluating the batch scale potential of cotton shell powder (CSP), Moringa oleifera leaves (ML), and magnetite-assisted... 相似文献
168.
Russian Journal of Ecology - Landmark-based truss morphometry was used to identify stock structure of striped snakehead, Channa striata, in the river Ganga and its tributaries: river Yamuna and... 相似文献
169.
Wang Se Wang Shuwen Shah Shaheen Li Longyan Fang Hao Hao Ce 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(9):9297-9306
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As the derivatives and structural analogs of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs)... 相似文献
170.
Naqvi Syed Asif Ali Shah Syed Ale Raza Mehdi Muhammad Abuzar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(34):42830-42849
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study quantifies the effect of real income, financial development, trade openness, and renewable energy consumption on the ecological footprint... 相似文献