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81.
Plant origin of Okinawan propolis: honeybee behavior observation and phytochemical analysis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kumazawa S Nakamura J Murase M Miyagawa M Ahn MR Fukumoto S 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2008,95(8):781-786
Propolis is a natural resinous product collected by honeybees from certain plants. It has gained popularity as a food and
alternative medicine. Poplar and Baccharis are well known as the source plants of European and Brazilian propolis, respectively. However, the propolis from Okinawa,
Japan, contains some prenylflavonoids not seen in other regions such as Europe and Brazil, suggesting that the plant origin
of Okinawan propolis is a particular plant that grows in Okinawa. To identify the plant origin of Okinawan propolis, we observed
the behavior of honeybees as they collected material from plants and caulked it inside the hive. Honeybees scraped resinous
material from the surface of plant fruits of Macaranga tanarius and brought it back to their hive to use it as propolis. We collected samples of the plant and propolis, and compared their
constituents by high-performance liquid chromatography with a photo-diode array detector. We also compared their 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl
radical scavenging activity. The chemical constituents and biological activity of the ethanol extracts of the plant did not
differ from those of propolis. This indicates directly that the plant origin of Okinawan propolis is M. tanarius.
S. K. and J. N. contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
82.
Kwang Ho Ahn Kwang Soo Kim Sung Won Kang Chul Yong Um Won Tae Lee Kwang Baik Ko 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(2):280-286
We evaluated the settling ability and dewaterability of granulated methane-oxidizing bacteria (GMOB) after granulation using a continuous-flow reactor. A comparative analysis on settling and dewatering characteristics due to changes in sludge retention time (SRT, 10, 15 and 20 days) during cultivation of GMOB was conducted. In assessing dewaterability, the specific resistance to filtration (SRF) of activated sludge and GMOB was found to be 8.21×1013-2.38×1014 and 4.88 × 1012-1.98×1013 m/kg, respectively. It was confirmed that as SRT decreased, SRF of GMOB increased. In the case of bound extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), activated sludge registered 147.5 mg/g-VSS while GMOB exhibited 171-177.2 mg/g-VSS. In the case of extracellular polymeric substance soluble EPS in effluent, activated sludge measured 62 mg/L and GMOB had 17.4-21.4 mg/L. The particle size analysis showed that mean particle diameters of GMOB were 402, 369, and 350 μm, respectively, at SRTs of 20, 15 and 10 days. In addition, it was found that GMOB had a larger mean particle diameter and exhibited much better settleability and dewaterability than activated sludge did. 相似文献
83.
Investigation and risk assessment modeling of As and other heavy metals contamination around five abandoned metal mines in Korea 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Tailings, agricultural soils, vegetables and groundwater samples were collected from abandoned metal mines (Duckum, Dongil,
Dongjung, Myoungbong and Songchun mines) in Korea. Total concentrations of arsenic (As) and heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn)
were analyzed to investigate the contamination level. Several digestion methods (Toxicity characteristics leaching procedure
(TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), 0.1 N/1 N HCl) and sequential extraction analysis for mine tailings
were conducted to examine the potential leachability of As and heavy metals from the tailings. The order of urgent remediation
for the studied mines based on the risk assessment and remedial goals was suggested.
The Songchun mine tailings were most severely contaminated by As and heavy metals. Total concentrations of As and Pb in the
tailings were 38,600–58,700 mg/kg (av. 47,400 mg/kg) and 11,800–16,800 mg/kg (av. 14,600 mg/kg), respectively. Agricultural
soils having high As concentrations were found at the all mines. Average concentrations of Cd in the vegetables exceeded the
normal value at all mines areas, while As only at the Dongjung, Myoungbong, and Songchun mine area. One groundwater sample
each from the Dongil and Myoungbong mines, and 4 groundwater samples from the Songchun mine had values above 10 μg/L of As
concentration.
The TCLP method revealed that only Pb in the Songchun tailings, 6.49 mg/L, exceeded the regulatory level (5 mg/L). Employing
the 1-N HCl digestion method, the concentration of As in the Songchun mine tailings, 4,250 mg/kg, was up to 3,000 times higher
than its Korean countermeasure standard. Results from the sequential extraction of As in the tailings showed that the easily
releasable fraction in the Myoungbong and Songchun mine tailings was more than 30% and the residual fraction was less than
40%.
Based on results showing the exposure health risk employing the hazard quotient and cancer risk of As, Cd and Zn, the Dongil
mine needs the most urgent remedial action. The concentration reduction factor (CRF) of As in both soil and groundwater follows
the order: Songchun>Dongjung>Dongil>Myoungbong>Duckum mine. 相似文献
84.
Mukherjee Arkadeep Ahn Young-Ho 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(23):34500-34514
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The present study reports for the first time, a novel disinfection method that combines ultrasonication with a natural biocide terpinolene to inhibit... 相似文献