SEs在城市污泥处理处置过程中的归趋研究进展

近年来,内分泌干扰物因损坏生物的内分泌系统而引起人们的广泛关注。其中甾体雌激素(SEs)由于具有极强的内分泌干扰能力,在极其微量的情况下便可对生态系统及人和动物的健康产生不可预测的危害,而城市污水处理厂排放的剩余污泥是环境中该类化合物的重要来源。文章结合最近国内外的研究成果,指出了研究内分泌干扰物在城市污水处理厂剩余污泥处理过程中归趋的重要性,重点总结了有关雌酮、17β-雌二醇、雌三醇、17α-乙炔雌二醇等甾体雌激素在城市污水处理厂污泥处理过程中归趋的主要研究进展,包括4种甾体雌激素的基本理化性质、城市污泥处理系统各处理单元中雌激素的背景含量、主要污泥处理过程对雌激素的去除效果及其机制等,并展望了今后该方面的研究前景、热点和趋势。     

Catalytic activities of zeolite compounds for decomposing aqueous ozone

The advanced oxidation process (AOP), chemical oxidation using aqueous ozone in the presence of appropriate catalysts to generate highly reactive oxygen species, offers an attractive option for removing poorly biodegradable pollutants. Using the commercial zeolite powders with various Si/Al ratios and crystal structures, their catalytic activities for decomposing aqueous ozone were evaluated by continuously flowing ozone to water containing the zeolite powders. The hydrophilic zeolites (low Si/Al ratio) with alkali cations in the crystal structures were found to possess high catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone. The hydrophobic zeolite compounds (high Si/Al ratio) were found to absorb ozone very well, but to have no catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone. Their catalytic activities were also evaluated by using the fixed bed column method. When alkali cations were removed by acid rinsing or substituted by alkali-earth cations, the catalytic activities was significantly deteriorated. These results suggest that the metal cations on the crystal surface of the hydrophilic zeolite would play a key role for catalytic activity for decomposing aqueous ozone.     

Lead ion adsorption on functionalized sugarcane bagasse prepared by concerted oxidation and deprotonation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Targeting the removal of Pb2+ in wastewater, sugarcane bagasse was treated with nitric acid and an alkaline solution to prepare adsorbents. On a...     

The impact of air pollution on COVID-19 pandemic varied within different cities in South America using different models

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There is a rising concern that air pollution plays an important role in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the results were not consistent on the...     

加入WTO后我国排污收费制度重构探讨

中国入世以后，本已沉疴在身的排污收费制度如何适应经济全球化的要求，既当好我国环境保护的排头兵，又不成为国际贸易壁垒，是新世纪所面临的两难选择，平等，透明，合理的新型排污税费并行制度也许是一种有益的探索。     

石林风景区旅游环境容量研究

研究旅游环境容量，要以生态、环境质量、设施、游客感应和客流分布５类指标为依据。据此分析，石林风景区游览容量有余而住宿、交通容量不足。应通过合理分布客流和扩大交通、住宿容量使其到２０００年形成游览容量１５０００人／天，交通容量１４０００人／天和住宿容量８０００人／天的旅游环境容量构成。     

北京某区域儿童夏季PM2.5的污染特征及分析

近年来,随着社会和经济的不断发展,人们对室内外空气质量的重视程度也不断提高。室内外空气质量尤其是细颗粒物污染与人群健康密切相关。北京市大气细颗粒物污染形势十分严峻,因此,相关研究也成为国内外研究的热点和难点问题。本文对北京市某区域年龄在9～11岁之间的38名健康儿童人群活动场所夏季PM2.5的污染特征作了研究评价。结果表明,运用室内外环境监测与问卷调查法相结合的研究方法,儿童人员夏季PM2.5室内外浓度呈现明显的时间、空间变化特征,并受到气象因素及室内外源排放的共同影响。     

Bacterial community succession during the enrichment of chemolithoautotrophic arsenite oxidizing bacteria at high arsenic concentrations

To generate cost-effective technologies for the removal of arsenic from water, we developed an enrichment culture of chemolithoautotrophic arsenite oxidizing bacteria (CAOs) that could effectively oxidize widely ranging concentrations of As(III) to As(V). In addition, we attempted to elucidate the enrichment process and characterize the microbial composition of the enrichment culture. A CAOs enrichment culture capable of stably oxidizing As(III) to As(V) was successfully constructed through repeated batch cultivation for more than 700 days, during which time the initial As(III) concentrations were increased in a stepwise manner from 1 to 10-12 mmol/L. As(III) oxidation activity of the enrichment culture gradually improved, and 10-12 mmol/L As(III) was almost completely oxidized within four days. Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis showed that the dominant bacteria in the enrichment culture varied drastically during the enrichment process depending on the As(III) concentration. Isolation and characterization of bacteria in the enrichment culture revealed that the presence of multiple CAOs with various As(III) oxidation abilities enabled the culture to adapt to a wide range of As(III) concentrations. The CAOs enrichment culture constructed here may be useful for pretreatment of water from which arsenic is being removed.     

耕地流转补偿的影响因素实证分析

在对江西省42个县74个行政村的《耕地流转现状及农户耕地流转意识》专题调研基础上，采用向后逐步回归的分析方法，从区位条件、资源禀赋和经济发展水平3方面，对当前农村耕地流转补偿的影响因素进行了实证分析。其中，反映区位条件水平的指标包括离县城距离、离交通主干道距离、地貌；反映资源禀赋的指标包括常年在家务农的劳动力比例、耕地破碎度、人均承包耕地面积；反映经济发展水平的指标包括人均年收入、人均耕地收入、耕地收入占年收入的比重。研究表明：耕地离县城距离越近，其流转补偿额会越高；随着地貌的复杂化，〖JP2〗耕地流转补偿相对就较少；人均承包耕地面积越多，耕地流转时补偿费用就越低；家庭耕地收入比重越大，补偿费用也越高.