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51.
Sanchez Rodriguez Mdel R Lugo Vazquez A Oliva Martinez MG Verver y Vargas JG Rodriguez Rocha A Peralta Soriano L 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2011,32(4):497-503
Taxonomical composition and abundance of the planktonic ciliate assemblage in a Lake Tezozomoc, a hypertrophic pond located into an urban park in Mexico City, was investigated along the rainy season (May to October). The aims of the study were to know the main trophic roles and ecological significance of ciliates in a highly productive environment. A low number of taxa (27) and a wide abundance fluctuation (104-387 cil ml(-1)) were found. The most abundant species (up to 162 cil ml(-1)) was Halteria grandinella, an oligotrich ciliate that graze on bacteria and picoplankton, but also several big body sized species that feed on pico and nanoplankton were abundant. Sudden temporal changes in species dominance occurred. Ciliate biomass was very high and fluctuated widely (1.6-88 10(6) microm(3) ml(-1)) being dominated by the >50 microm size fraction that mainly included the pico and nanoplankton feeders. Ciliates are a very important component in the plankton of hypertrophic lakes and their main control factor seems to be the grazing by big-body size Daphnia species. 相似文献
52.
Luisa F. Mariscal-Mendizábal Rosalba Sevilla-Montoya Alfonso J. Martínez-García Carmen Alaez-Verson Irma E. Monroy-Muñoz Javier Pérez-Durán Jorge A. Cerón-Albarrán Karol Carrillo-Sánchez Carolina Molina-Garay Luis L. Flores-Lagunes Marco Jimenez-Olivares Mónica Aguinaga-Ríos 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(11):998-1004
53.
Norma A. Estrada Nestor Lagos Carlos García Alfonso N. Maeda-Martínez Felipe Ascencio 《Marine Biology》2007,151(4):1205-1214
Juvenile Pacific giant lions-paw scallops Nodipecten subnodosus were fed the toxic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium catenatum, a producer of paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), supplied with Isochrysis galbana (a nontoxic microalgae). Short-term (<24 h) experiments were performed to determine clearance and ingestion rates of G. catenatum. Kinetics of PSP was examined in longer-term experiments (>2 days). At high food concentrations, juvenile scallops showed
production of pseudofeces, partial shell valve closure, and reduction in feeding. According to HPLC analysis, the only toxins
present in the dinoflagellate G. catenatum and in the scallops were the gonyautoxins (GTXs), except in the labial palps and digestive gland, where trace amounts of
saxitoxin (STX) were present in scallops. These tissues could play an important role in toxin biotransformation. The ranking
of toxin concentration in tissues was: digestive gland > labial palps > intestine > gills > mantle > adductor muscle, where
the total contribution of viscera was more than 80% of the total toxin body burden. Juvenile scallops exhibited no apparent
detrimental physiological responses during the long-term feeding experiment. The dinoflagellate may contribute nutrients to
the scallop, in addition to the microalgae I. galbana. The dinoflagellate may enhance cell uptake and byssus production. Once PSP accumulated during the first 12 days, it was
slowly eliminated. The limited capacity for accumulating toxins in the adductor muscle favors domestic marketing of scallops. 相似文献
54.
Consolación Vaquero Alfonso Rodríguez-Torres Jesús Rojo Rosa Pérez-Badia 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(1):335-346
This study analysed airborne pollen counts for allergenic herb taxa in Toledo (central Spain), a major tourist city receiving over 2 million visitors per year, located in the region of Castilla-La Mancha. The taxa selected were Chenopodiaceae–Amaranthaceae, Plantago, Poaceae and Urticaceae, all of which produce allergenic pollen giving rise to serious symptoms in pollen-allergy sufferers. Aerobiological data were recorded over a 6-year period (2005 to 2010) using the sampling and analysis procedures recommended by the Spanish Aerobiology Network. The abundance and the temporal (annual, daily and intradiurnal) distribution of these pollen types were analysed, and the influence of weather-related factors on airborne pollen counts was assessed. Pollen from herbaceous species accounted for 20.9% of total airborne pollen in Toledo, the largest contributor being Poaceae, with 8.5% of the total pollen count; this family was also the leading cause of respiratory allergies. Examination of intradiurnal variation revealed three distinct distribution patterns: (1) peak daily counts for Chenopodiaceae–Amaranthaceae and Plantago were recorded during the hottest part of the day, i.e. from 1400 to 1600 hours; (2) Urticaceae displayed two peaks (1400–1600 and 2200 hours); and (3) Poaceae counts remained fairly stable throughout the day. Two main risk periods were identified for allergies: spring, with allergies caused by Urticaceae, Plantago and Poaceae pollen, and summer, due to Chenopodiaceae–Amaranthaceae pollen. 相似文献
55.
Alfonso Rodríguez-Vila Emma F. Covelo Rubén Forján Verónica Asensio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11293-11304
The soils at a depleted copper mine in Touro (Galicia, Spain) are chemically degraded. In order to determine the effect of amendments and vegetation on the chemical characteristics of a mine soil and on the plant uptake of metals, a greenhouse experiment was carried out for 3 months. A settling pond soil was amended with different percentages of a compost and biochar mixture and vegetated with Brassica juncea L. The results showed that the untreated settling pond soil was polluted by Cu. Amendments and planting mustards decreased the pseudototal concentration of this metal, reduced the extreme soil acidity and increased the soil concentrations of C and TN. Both treatments also decreased the CaCl2-extractable Co, Cu and Ni concentrations. However, the amendments increased the pseudototal concentration of Zn in the soil, provided by the compost that was used. The results also showed that mustards extracted Ni efficiently from soils, suggesting that B. juncea L. is a good phytoextractor of Ni in mine soils. 相似文献
56.
57.
The ERICA Tool 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Brown JE Alfonso B Avila R Beresford NA Copplestone D Pröhl G Ulanovsky A 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2008,99(9):1371-1383
The ERICA Tool is a computerised, flexible software system that has a structure based upon the ERICA Integrated Approach to assessing the radiological risk to biota. The Tool guides the user through the assessment process, recording information and decisions and allowing the necessary calculations to be performed to estimate risks to selected animals and plants. Tier 1 assessments are media concentration based and use pre-calculated environmental media concentration limits to estimate risk quotients. Tier 2 calculates dose rates but allows the user to examine and edit most of the parameters used in the calculation including concentration ratios, distribution coefficients, percentage dry weight soil or sediment, dose conversion coefficients, radiation weighting factors and occupancy factors. Tier 3 offers the same flexibility as Tier 2 but allows the option to run the assessment probabilistically if the underling parameter probability distribution functions are defined. Results from the Tool can be put into context using incorporated data on dose-effects relationships and background dose rates. 相似文献
58.
Diego Gil Alfonso Marzal Florentino de Lope Marisa Puerta Anders P. Møller 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2006,60(1):96-100
Female birds deposit in the yolks of eggs substantial amounts of androgens, such as testosterone and androstenedione. These
androgens have been shown to speed up nestling development, induce a fast development of ornaments and increase dominance
in adults. Experiments in several species have reported that females invest greater amounts of androgens in the eggs fathered
by attractive males, suggesting that yolk androgen is a costly investment for either the offspring or the mother. There is
some evidence that nestling immunocompetence may be partially suppressed by high levels of yolk androgens, but it is not known
whether this is also the case for females. We tested this hypothesis in the house martin by inducing an immune challenge through
an injection of sheep red blood cells, a standard challenge of the humoral immune system. Experimental birds laid eggs with
lower amounts of yolk androstenedione than controls, and there was a similar non-significant trend for testosterone. Furthermore,
the probability of laying a replacement clutch was higher for birds that had laid a first clutch with relatively high levels
of yolk testosterone. These results suggest that yolk androgen deposition is limited by immune costs in the female, and that
only females in good condition may afford to invest high levels of androgen in eggs in this species. 相似文献
59.
Javier Balbontín Anders P. Møller Ignacio G. Hermosell Alfonso Marzal Maribel Reviriego Florentino de Lope 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2009,63(8):1197-1205
Dispersal is an important factor that determines the degree of gene flow and, hence, the degree of differentiation among populations.
Using two long-term datasets on natal philopatry and short-distance dispersal in barn swallows Hirundo rustica from Denmark and Spain, we evaluated the fitness costs and benefits and test a number of predictions about the functional
significance of dispersal. The proportion of philopatric individuals was more than six times larger in Spain than in Denmark,
with a higher rate of philopatry in males than in females. Dispersal propensity decreased in both populations during the course
of the study. Males from the more philopatric Spanish population lived longer when philopatric rather than dispersing while
that was not the case for either sex of the less philopatric Danish population. There were large differences in dispersal
propensity among cohorts and breeding sites, suggesting that sites differed in their suitability as sites for immigrants.
We found no evidence consistent with the mate competition hypothesis suggesting that males in better condition or with larger
condition-dependent secondary sexual characters were more likely to be philopatric. These findings suggest that there is a
high degree of intraspecific variation in dispersal propensity between populations, probably relating to local differences
in costs and benefits of philopatry and dispersal. 相似文献
60.
Hunt JW Anderson BS Phillips BM Tjeerdema RS Richard N Connor V Worcester K Angelo M Bern A Fulfrost B Mulvaney D 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,116(1-3):245-262
On 25 April 1998, as a consequence of the breaking of a dam containing the tailings of a pyrite mine, a land strip of approximately
43 km in length was covered with a layer of black sludge, containing high levels of heavy metals, along the Guadiamar River
Basin (southern Spain). In this investigation we carried out an ecotoxicological assessment (field and laboratory studies)
of the impact of residual heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni) on soil nematodes in the impacted riparian zone, two years after the
huge mine spillage. Concentrations of residual heavy metals were significantly (P<0.05) higher at the impacted sampling sectors (S-2, S-3, S-4, S-5) than at the unpolluted (reference) sampling sector (S-1).
Nickel however exhibited the lowest increases at the impacted sectors. As a consequence, correlation coefficients between
concentrations of heavy metals and values of ecological indices were not significant for Ni. In contrast, copper, lead and
zinc exhibited significant (P<0.05) negative correlation coefficients with ecological indices, particularly with diversity indices (including the~number
of taxa). In addition, the toxicity of Cu and Pb to nematode test species (Aphelenchus avenae and Cephalobus persegnis) during short-term toxicity bioassays was much higher than the toxicity of Zn and Ni. We conclude that residual heavy metals
were still influencing adversely the community of soil nematodes in the impacted riparian zone of the Guadiamar River Basin.
Cu, Pb and, to a lesser extent, Zn would be major responsible for the observed impact. 相似文献