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排序方式: 共有251条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
121.
Sheo Mohan Prasad 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(6):543-555
This present study deals with the growth, photosynthesis, oxidative stress and phytoremediation character of Azolla pinnata L. exposed to different levels (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg·L?1) of cadmium (Cd). Significant accumulation of Cd in Azolla fronds was noticed after 24 and 96 h of exposure and the accumulation rate was dose and time dependent. Growth of A. pinnata increased significantly after both exposure times with and without metal. At lower Cd doses (0.05 and 0.1 mg·L?1), growth and photosynthesis of A. pinnata showed a marginal increase over the respective control, however, at higher Cd doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg·L?1), a decreasing trend was noticed. At lower doses, Azolla fronds could counterbalance the negative effect of enhanced levels of superoxide radicals (SOR) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) through the greater activity of antioxidative enzymes. The decaresing trends in catalase and peroxidase activity at higher Cd doses suggest that Azolla fronds were not able to mitigate the negative effects of H2O2, hence an increase in malondialdehyde content was noticed. The study concludes that up to 0.1 ,mg·L?1 Cd, A. pinnata can flourish and be used as biofertiliser and for phytoremedial purposes in Cd-contaminated fields; beyond this concentration poor growth may restrict its application. 相似文献
122.
Naturally abundant rubber sawdust has been utilized as a stationary support, which after immobilization with a chelating polyelectrolyte (xylenol orange as counterion) gets converted into a suitable column packing material for isolation and enrichment of trace level target analyte, accurately detectable by the technique of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. The sorbent is robust and re-usable in column-chromatography without showing any leaching and interference complications. Its unique lead ion selectivity from multielemental complex matrices (synthetic water sample, blood serum) at optimized column conditions (pH 2.5 and flow rate 0.5?mL?min?1) mitigates the usual problems of intermetallic and readsorption effects. Effects of flow rate, pH, equilibration time, and other variables are reported. The system has advantageous feature to be used in a single-column ion chromatography with satisfactory performance. A modest attempt has been made to determine lead fractions in human blood serum samples on the bases of selective retention of ionic and labile fractions on complexing resin. 相似文献
123.
Prasad K. Bhaskaran Sashikant Nayak Subba Reddy Bonthu P. L. N Murty Debabrata Sen 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2013,13(6):601-623
An accurate prediction of near-shore sea-state is imperative during extreme events such as cyclones required in an operational centre. The mutual interaction between physical processes such as tides, waves and currents determine the physical environment for any coastal region, and hence the need of a parallelized coupled wave and hydrodynamic model. The present study is an application of various state-of-art models such as WRF, WAM, SWAN and ADCIRC used to couple and simulate a severe cyclonic storm Thane that developed in the Bay of Bengal during December 2011. The coupled model (ADCIRC–SWAN) was run in a parallel mode on a flexible unstructured mesh. Thane had its landfall on 30 December, 2011 between Cuddalore and Pondicherry where in-situ observations were available to validate model performance. Comprehensive experiment on the impact of meteorological forcing parameters with two forecasted tracks derived from WRF model, and JTWC best track on the overall performance of coupled model was assessed. Further an extensive validation experiment was performed for significant wave heights and surface currents during Thane event. The significant wave heights measured along satellite tracks by three satellites viz; ENVISAT, JASON-1 and JASON-2, as well in-situ near-shore buoy observation off Pondicherry was used for comparison with model results. In addition, qualitative validation was performed for model computed currents with HF Radar Observation off Cuddalore during Thane event. The importance of WRF atmospheric model during cyclones and its robustness in the coupled model performance is highlighted. This study signifies the importance of coupled parallel ADCIRC–SWAN model for operational needs during extreme events in the North Indian Ocean. 相似文献
124.
The optimal level of investment in mitigation strategies is usually difficult to ascertain in the context of disaster planning. This research develops a model to provide such direction by relying on cost of quality literature. This paper begins by introducing a static approach inspired by Joseph M. Juran's cost of quality management model (Juran, 1951) to demonstrate the non‐linear trade‐offs in disaster management expenditure. Next it presents a dynamic model that includes the impact of dynamic interactions of the changing level of risk, the cost of living, and the learning/investments that may alter over time. It illustrates that there is an optimal point that minimises the total cost of disaster management, and that this optimal point moves as governments learn from experience or as states get richer. It is hoped that the propositions contained herein will help policymakers to plan, evaluate, and justify voluntary disaster mitigation expenditures. 相似文献
125.
Sahoo Kedar Kumar Ankit Chakraborty Jyoti Prasad 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(1):186-204
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - In this study, pyrolysis of agricultural residues, such as rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), and sugarcane bagasse (SB), was performed in a... 相似文献
126.
127.
Kumar Sarangi Prakash Subudhi Sanjukta Bhatia Latika Saha Koel Mudgil Divya Prasad Shadangi Krushna Srivastava Rajesh K. Pattnaik Bhabjit Arya Raj Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8526-8539
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The major global concern on energy is focused on conventional fossil resources. The burning of fossil fuels is an origin of greenhouse gas emissions... 相似文献
128.
Mark Begonia John Humm Alok Shah Frank A. Pintar Narayan Yoganandan 《Traffic injury prevention》2018,19(8):S159-S161
ABSTRACTObjective: This study analyzed the influence of reference sensor inputs from anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) versus postmortem human subjects (PMHSs) on simulations of frontal blunt impacts to the advanced combat helmet (ACH).Methods: A rigid-arm pendulum was used to generate frontal impacts to ACHs mounted on ATDs and PMHS. An appropriately sized ACH was selected according to standard fitting guidelines. The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) head was selected for ATD tests due to shape features that enabled a realistic helmet fit. A custom procedure was used to mount a reference sensor internally near the center of gravity (CG) of the PMHS. Reference sensor data from the head CG were used as inputs for the Simulated Injury Monitor (SIMon). Brain responses were assessed with the cumulative strain damage measure set at 10%, or CSDM(10).Results: Compared to ATD tests, PMHS tests produced 18.7% higher peak linear accelerations and 5.2% higher peak angular velocities. Average times to peak for linear accelerations were relatively similar between ATDs (5.5?ms) and PMHSs (5.8?ms). However, times to peak for angular velocities were higher by a factor of up to 3.4 for PMHSs compared to ATDs. Values for were also higher by a factor of up to 13.1 when PMHS inputs were used for SIMon.Conclusions: The preliminary findings of this work indicate that small differences in ATD versus PMHS head kinematics could lead to large differences in strain-derived brain injury metrics such as CSDM. 相似文献
129.
Modeling Changes to Streamflow,Sediment, and Nutrient Loading from Land Use Changes Due to Potential Natural Gas Development
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Lars Hanson Steven Habicht Prasad Daggupati Raghavan Srinivasan Paul Faeth 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2017,53(6):1293-1312
Natural gas development using hydraulic fracturing has many potential environmental impacts, but among the most certain is the land disturbance required to build the well pads and other infrastructure required to drill and extract the gas. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to investigate how natural gas development could impact streamflow and sediment, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) loadings in the upper Delaware River Basin (DRB), a relatively undeveloped watershed of 7,950 km2 that lies above the Marcellus Shale formation. If gas development was permitted, our projections show the DRB could experience development of over 600 well pads to extract natural gas at build out, which, with supporting infrastructure (roads, gathering pipelines), could convert over 5,000 ha from existing land uses in the study area. In subbasins with development activity we found sediment, TN, and TP yields could increase by an average of 15, 0.08, and 0.03 kg/ha/yr, respectively (an increase of 2, 3, and 15%, respectively) for each one percent of subbasin land area converted into natural gas infrastructure. At the study area outlet on the Delaware River at Port Jervis, New York, we found increases in the annual average streamflow and sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loads of up to 0.01, 0.2, 0.2, and 1%, respectively, for a rapid development year, and 0.08, 1.3, 2.0, and 11%, respectively, for the full development scenario. Editor's note : This paper is part of the featured series on SWAT Applications for Emerging Hydrologic and Water Quality Challenges. See the February 2017 issue for the introduction and background to the series. 相似文献
130.
Bela Zutshi S. G. Raghu Prasad R. Nagaraja 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,168(1-4):11-19
Blood is an indicator of physiological condition of an animal. Therefore, a field study was conducted to investigate the hematological parameters of wild population of rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham). The following aspects were evaluated in blood: hemoglobin content, red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) values, and in plasma: cholesterol, protein, and glucose levels. For this purpose, rohu fish of varying sizes and weights were sampled from Hebbal (receiving a storm water drain) and Chowkalli lake (received domestic sewage and industrial effluents from various sources and was more polluted than Hebbal lake). It revealed noticeable differences in hemoglobin content, RBC and WBC count, and PCV and MCHC values. Severe anemia can be marked by a significant decrease in RBC count (p?<?0.5), hemoglobin content, and PCV and MCHC values, whereas an increase in leukocyte count and MCV values were observed in fish from Chowkalli lake. Fish from lake B had fewer RBC and low concentration of serum protein and cholesterol. Serum concentration of glucose showed initial higher levels and then low concentration (900–1,500 g) in fish from lake B when compared to lake A. The variation in values of different parameters can be attributed to exposure of fish to various types of pollutants present mainly in the Chowkalli lake which receives heavy metals, synthetic detergents, petroleum products, and other acid and alkali substances from the nearby local industries. Other observations of these fish include dark body color and aggressive nature of fish. 相似文献