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151.
Fernández-Guisuraga José Manuel Castro Amaya Alves Célia Calvo Ana Alonso-Blanco Elisabeth Blanco-Alegre Carlos Rocha Alfredo Fraile Roberto 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(17):17171-17182
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study provides an analysis of the spatial distribution and trends of NO, NO2 and O3 concentrations in Portugal between 1995 and 2010.... 相似文献
152.
Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves Maria de Fátima Melo Felipe Silva Ferreira Dilma Maria de Brito Melo Trovão Thelma Lúcia Pereira Dias José Valberto Oliveira Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena Raynner Rilke Duarte Barboza 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2016,18(6):1733-1747
This study presents information on the use of medicinal animals in a semiarid area of northeast Brazil, a region where animals have recognized importance in local popular medicine. The information on the use of animals for medicinal purposes was obtained through semi-structured questionnaires, complemented by free interviews and informal conversations. The results obtained showed that the residents of the area studied utilize a considerable richness of animal species (n = 42) for medicinal purposes, as occurs in other areas of Brazil’s semiarid region, demonstrating that zootherapy represents an alternative form of health care that is important to the inhabitants of the region. There is a need for new investigations on medicinal fauna, aimed at promoting the sustainable use of eventual medicinal species and preserving popular knowledge associated with the use of animal species. 相似文献
153.
Lunardo Alves de Sena Paula Ferreira Ana Cristina Braga 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2016,18(5):1457-1476
Renewable energy is often associated with the production of clean electricity and free of significant adverse impacts. However, several studies have been highlighting the importance of the assessment of social impacts of these technologies, including not only the benefits but also the potential negative aspects most frequently affecting local population. The energy matrix in Brazil is already built up on a renewable system largely supported on hydropower but other technologies with special emphasis on wind power start to have a major role, with a strong growth forecasted for this sector in the coming years. This article discusses the integration of solar and wind power in the Brazilian electricity system focusing on the social awareness and acceptance for the population living in high potential regions. For this, a questionnaire was proposed with the aim of evaluating the level of knowledge of wind and solar power, their social acceptance and perceptions towards cost, local development and environmental impacts. The questionnaire was implemented in an academic institution in the State of Rio Grande do Norte (RN) including students and professors as key actors for the present and future energy policy decision making. The implementation process and the obtained results are described allowing to conclude on the high level of acceptance of solar and wind power in the country and the region, with low evidence of not in my backyard syndrome. 相似文献
154.
Aylan Kener Meneghine Cristiane Moretto Tereza Cristina Luque Castellane Lúcia Maria Carareto Alves 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2017,25(4):1080-1086
This study aimed to evaluate the emulsion stability of solutions containing exopolysaccharide and culture medium of a Sphingomonas sp. strain with various hydrophobic compounds. The exopolysaccharide characterized belongs to a sphingan group, however, not being a gellan gum as produced by certain Sphingomonas strains. In general, the emulsifying indexes found in this study were above 70% for gasoline, hexane, kerosene and used frying oil. Nonetheless, the best results were achieved in kerosene solutions, which showed an index of 80% after 24 h, remaining stable for more than 168 h in combinations with various EPS concentrations. Interestingly, diesel oil best results were singly achieved in solution pH of 11, showing an index of around 65%. Furthermore, hexane obtained an index of 100% after 24 h when culture medium was used. Thus, these findings highlight the use of EPS as a potential bioemulsifier agent to enhance hydrocarbon degradation and emulsification effects in environmental biotechnology. 相似文献
155.
Carolina S. Machado Brisa M. Fregonesi Renato I. S. Alves Karina A. A. Tonani Jordi Sierra Bruno S. Martinis Beatriz S. Celere Montse Mari Marta Schuhmacher Martí Nadal Jose L. Domingo Susana Segura-Muñoz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(25):20160-20172
Mixture of metals and herbicides in rivers may pose relevant risks for the health of surrounding communities. Humans may be exposed to river pollution through intake of contaminated water and fish, as well as irrigated agricultural products. The aim of this study was to assess the human health risks of environmental exposure to metals and herbicides through water and fish intake in the Pardo River. Metals (Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn, Hg, Ni, Tl, Sn, V, and Zn) were analyzed in river water and in edible fish. Herbicides (ametryn, atrazine, diuron, hexazinone, simazine, and tebuthiuron) were analyzed in river water. Seasonal variances were also studied. Aluminum, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn levels in river water were higher than the USEPA benchmarks. Non-carcinogenic risks due to pollutants mixture exposure were above the limit, and carcinogenic risks of As exposure were >10?6 in the sampling points during the rainy season. Metal levels in fish were lower than the Brazilian legislation and do not pose a threat to public health. Herbicides were detected in four sampling points, with atrazine concentrations (range 0.16–0.32 μg/L) below the Brazilian standard (2.0 μg/L), but above the European Union standard (0.1 μg/L). Considering the water supply needs of cities located in the Pardo River Basin and the persistence of metals and herbicides, the present study indicated that there was a seasonal influence on non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to human health, especially in the rainy season. Studies for water treatment plants implantation should consider the risks of exposure to persistent substances, in order to protect the population. 相似文献
156.
Fernando M. Lanças Igor R. B. Olivares Priscila M. Alves 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(5):491-498
In this work the development, validation and application of method using Solid Phase Microexctration (SPME) for the analyses of five pollutants (phenol, 2-nitrophenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chloro, 3-methyl phenol) in supplying water, using gas chromatography (GC) with flame ionization detector (FID) is described. The optimal conditions obtained for SPME were: fiber type: Poliacrylate (PA); extraction time: 40 minutes; extraction temperature: 70°C; amount of salt added to sample (NaCl): 15%; desorption temperature: 8 minutes. The parameters studied in the method validation were: limit of detection (0.3 and 3.5 μ g.L? 1); precision, measured by the variation coefficient (between 2.1 and 8.8%); calibration curve and linearity, by using the external standardization method (between 1 and 50 50 μ g.L? 1). After the methodology development, samples of water collected in Atibaia River (São Paulo - Brazil) were analyzed, using the optimized methodology. Three water samples collected in the rain season showed a peak with retention time close to 4-chloro, 3 methyl phenol further analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry for the identity confirmation. In spite of the fact that none target compounds were found in the river water samples analyzed, the presence of two phenols different from those investigated (p-terc butyl phenol; butylated hydroxytoluene) were detected. These results together with the results of the limit of detection (that showed to be lower than the maximum concentration of phenols demanded by different environment control agencies), and the results of the validation, indicate the applicability of this method for the analysis of selected phenols in river water samples. 相似文献
157.
Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque Luciana Gomes de Sousa Nascimento Fabio José Vieira Cybelle Maria de Albuquerque Duarte Almeida Marcelo Alves Ramos Ana Carolina Oliveira da Silva 《Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics》2012,25(1):19-32
The scientific community has debated the importance of “return” activities after ethnobiological studies. This issue has provoked
debate because it touches on the ethics of research and the relationships with the people involved in these studies. This
case study aimed to investigate community perception of an ethnobotany research project that was carried out in the semi-arid
region of northeastern Brazil. Furthermore, we reported how the residents of this rural community felt about participating
in the activities of “return” that arose from the projects. Our findings demonstrate that “return” activities should be planned
from the design phase of the research until its closure as a lifelong process that allows the communities involved to gradually
take ownership of the information and actions that are being generated. Similarly, we argue that such activities must be negotiated
with the people of the community so that they have decision-making power and autonomy to decide what is most relevant to their
lives. 相似文献
158.
Carolinne Borges Khayat Emília Oliveira Alves Costa Macks Wendhell Gonçalves Damiana Mirian da Cruz e Cunha Alex Silva da Cruz Caroline Oliveira de Araújo Melo Rogério Pereira Bastos Aparecido Divino da Cruz Daniela de Melo e Silva 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(10):7334-7340
We evaluated 41 rural workers occupationally exposed to pesticides and 32 subjects as a control group, using the micronucleus (MN) and the comet assay. For the comet assay, we evaluated the peripheral blood, and for the MN, we sampled cells from the oral epithelium. Damage to DNA was measured by tail length, % DNA in tail (% tail), olive tail moment (OTM), and tail moment (TM). The exposed group presented an 8× increase in MN frequency, when compared to the control group (p <0.05). When we contrasted the MN frequencies between the individuals that use and do not use personal protective equipment, we found a mean of 7.5 MN (57 % variance) and 12.1 MN (130 % variance), respectively. The binucleated cells were 0.04 and 0.005, in the exposed and control groups, respectively, indicating 8× increase in the number of binucleated cells, when comparing the groups (p <0.05). In the comet assay, we demonstrated statistically significant differences in three parameters (% DNA, OTM, and TM) indicating that the rural workers presented high levels of genomic damages. Our results indicate that occupational exposure to pesticides could cause genome damage in somatic cells, representing a potential health risk to Brazilian rural workers that deal constantly with agrochemicals without adequate personal protection equipment. 相似文献
159.
Alves SA Ferreira TC Sabatini NS Trientini AC Migliorini FL Baldan MR Ferreira NG Lanza MR 《Chemosphere》2012,88(2):155-160
The thiadiazolylurea derivative tebuthiuron (TBH) is commonly used as an herbicide even though it is highly toxic to humans. While various processes have been proposed for the removal of organic contaminants of this type from wastewater, electrochemical degradation has shown particular promise. The aim of the present study was to investigate the electrochemical degradation of TBH using anodes comprising boron-doped (5000 and 30 000 ppm) diamond (BDD) films deposited onto Ti substrates operated at current densities in the range 10-200 mA cm−2. Both anodes removed TBH following a similar pseudo first-order reaction kinetics with kapp close to 3.2 × 10−2 min−1. The maximum mineralization efficiency obtained was 80%. High-pressure liquid chromatography with UV-VIS detection established that both anodes degraded TBH via similar intermediates. Ion chromatography revealed that increasing concentrations of nitrate ions (up to 0.9 ppm) were formed with increasing current density, while the formation of nitrite ions was observed with both anodes at current densities ?150 mA cm−2. The BDD film prepared at the lower doping level (5000 ppm) was more efficient in degrading TBH than its more highly doped counterpart. This unexpected finding may be explained in terms of the quantity of impurities incorporated into the diamond lattice during chemical vapor deposition. 相似文献
160.
Physical and chemical characteristics of water from the hydrographic basin of the Poxim River, Sergipe State, Brazil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Antenor Oliveira de Aguiar Netto Carlos Alexandre Borges Garcia José do Patrocínio Hora Alves Robério Anastácio Ferreira Marinoé Gonzaga da Silva 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(5):4417-4426
The Poxim River is one of Sergipe State’s major waterways. It supplies water to the State capital, Aracaju, but is threatened by urban and agricultural developments that compromise both the quantity and the quality of the water. This has direct impacts on the daily lives of the region’s population. In this work, a multivariate analytical approach was used to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of the water in the river basin. Four sampling campaigns were undertaken, in November 2005, and in February, May, and September 2006, at 15 sites distributed along the Poxim. The parameters analyzed were conductivity, turbidity, color, total dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, alkalinity, hardness, chlorophyll-a, and nutrients (total phosphorus, dissolved orthophosphate, nitrite, nitrate, ammoniacal nitrogen, and total nitrogen). Dissolved oxygen contents were very low in the Poxim-Açu River (1.0–2.8), the Poxim River (1.6–4.6), and the estuarine region (1.7–5.1), due to the dumping of wastes and discharges of domestic and industrial effluents containing organic matter into fluvial and estuarine regions of the Poxim. Factor analysis identified five components that were indicative of the quality of the water, and that explained 81.73 % of the total variance. 相似文献