Performance enhancement of solar photovoltaic system for roof top garden

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The photovoltaic (PV) for irrigation system is an emerging technology to harness the solar energy. The performance of the PV modules depends on the...     

Hydrogeochemical investigations to assess groundwater and saline water interaction in coastal aquifers of the southeast coast,Tamil Nadu,India

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater and saline water interaction is the most common processes in the coastal aquifers that alters the quality of aquifer waters. The...     

Urban environment alter the timing of progression of testicular recrudescence in tree sparrow (Passer montanus)

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urbanization is a rapidly growing phenomenon that affects wildlife. Laboratory studies show the effects of night light on the physiology of the...     

Economic and environmental impact analyses of hybrid generation system in respect to Rajasthan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This paper intends to show the aspects of an environment-friendly hybrid energy system (HES) for reducing the electrical power problems in remote...     

Seasonal variation and sources of carbonaceous species and elements in PM2.5 and PM10 over the eastern Himalaya

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The study represents the seasonal characteristics (carbonaceous aerosols and elements) and the contribution of prominent sources of PM2.5 and PM10 in...     

Comparison of fuel characteristics of hydrotreated waste cooking oil with its biodiesel and fossil diesel

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Compression ignition engines powered by diesel are the work horses of developing countries like India. However, burning fossil fuel causes a lot of...     

A study for evaluation of contaminant transport characteristics through fine-grained soil.

Transport of soluble toxic substances through porous media lead to some significant geoenvironmental problems, for example, leachate migration from municipal and industrial solid waste resulting from unregulated disposal. Advection, dispersion, diffusion, and decay are reported to be the principal mechanisms in such phenomena. Geotechnical properties of the soil also play a significant role in this deterioration. In the present study, laboratory tests were conducted to formulate an appropriate method for assessment of migration of metal ions, such as nickel, through the soil. Relevant kinetic and process parameters, such as aquifer data, surface area, dielectric constant, pH of zero point charge (pHzpc), and permeability were also studied. One-dimensional mathematical modeling was used to describe the dynamics of the process. The present investigation was carried out at an ash pond site of a thermal power plant situated in West Bengal, India.     

A review for chromium removal by carbon nanotubes

Water pollution is still a serious problem for the entire world. Adsorption technology is a promising process which is based on the fabrication of novel, cheap, non-dangerous and highly sorptive materials for application in wastewater purification processes. Nanomaterials are functional groups which find use in many important fields such as medicine, food processing and agriculture. This review collects information from published works about the use of carbon nanotubes as efficient and promising adsorbents in chromium removal from (real or synthesised) wastewater. For this purpose, isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, etc.), kinetic (pseudo-first-, second-order, etc.), thermodynamic (free-energy Gibbs, enthalpy, entropy) and desorption–regeneration studies were discussed in detail. Moreover, significant factors such as pH, agitation time, temperature, adsorbent dosage and initial dye concentration are also reported extensively. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacities of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) ions were 0.39–238.09 and 1.26–370.3?mg/g, respectively. The absolute values of ΔG⁰ and ΔH⁰ ranged 0.237–48.62 and 0.16–58.43?kJ/mol, respectively.     

Decolourization of pulp and paper mill effluents using heat-treated coal: a comparison with activated charcoal

A comparison between activated charcoal and heat-treated coal for decolourization of pulp and paper mill waste water was studied. The heat-treated coal was prepared in an inert atmosphere at 800°C. The adsorption dynamics that include batch contact–time study, kinetics along with adsorption isotherms were carried out. The study shows that heat-treated coal is a suitable adsorbent and can be used for the decolourization of pulp and paper mill effluent streams. The maximum removal was achieved at the initial stages of contact, and the overall adsorption was a slow process. However, the equilibrium concentration in the case of both the adsorbents reaches at almost same time. The linear plot of the Lagergren model shows its applicability and first-order kinetics.     

ARSENIC IN THE SHALLOW GROUND WATERS OF CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES: ASSESSMENT,HEALTH RISKS,AND COSTS FOR MCL COMPLIANCE1

A methodology consisting of ordinal logistic regression (OLR) is used to predict the probability of occurrence of arsenic concentrations in different threshold limits in shallow ground waters of the conterminous United States (CONUS) subject to a set of influencing variables. The analysis considered a number of maximum contaminant level (MCL) options as threshold values to estimate the probabilities of occurrence of arsenic in ranges defined by a given MCL of 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/l and a detection limit of 1 μg/l. The fit between the observed and predicted probability of occurrence was around 83 percent for all MCL options. The estimated probabilities were used to estimate the median background concentration of arsenic in the CONUS. The shallow ground water of the western United States is more vulnerable than the eastern United States. Arizona, Utah, Nevada, and California in particular are hotspots for arsenic contamination. The risk assessment showed that counties in southern California, Arizona, Florida, and Washington and a few others scattered throughout the CONUS face a high risk from arsenic exposure through untreated ground water consumption. A simple cost effectiveness analysis was performed to understand the household costs for MCL compliance in using arsenic contaminated ground water. The results showed that the current MCL of 10 μg/l is a good compromise based on existing treatment technologies.