河口水中矿物油分析的研究

紫外分光光度法在河口水中矿物油测定中，存在着标准油品的选择、水样萃取的乳化处理及河口水样测定方法选择等问题。提出了解决存在问题的可行方法，进一步完善测定方法。     

Characteristics and formation mechanism of regional haze episodes in the Pearl River Delta of China

To investigate the characteristics and the specific mechanism of continuous haze,comprehensive measurements were conducted from 15 October to 19 November in the Atmospheric Environment Monitoring Super-Station in Heshan of Guangdong province.Five haze episodes occurred in October and November 2014 in the Pearl River Delta(PRD)region. The meteorological parameters, gas data, chemical compositions, and optical parameters of the aerosols were obtained. Among these events, the second haze episode,with the highest concentration of PM2.5 of 187.51 μg/m~3, was the most severe. NO~3-was always higher than SO_4~(2-), which indicated that motor vehicles played an important role in the haze, even though the oxidation rate from SO_2 to SO_4~(2-)was faster than that of NOXto NO_3~-. The difference between the hourly averages of Na+and K+during the haze episode and clean days was small, implying that straw combustion and sea salt had no significant effect on the occurrence of haze, and the backward trajectories of the air masses also conformed with this result. The air pollutants were difficult to disperse because of the significant decrease in the planetary boundary layer(PBL) height. Relative humidity played a crucial role in the formation of haze by leading to hygroscopic growth of the diameter of aerosols.     

宜昌市山水林田湖生态保护与修复研究

在对宜昌生态环境现状调查和问题剖析的基础上,研究了宜昌市山水林田湖生态保护与修复的总体思路、目标指标、分区策略和重点领域。研究结果表明:宜昌市山水林田湖生态保护与修复应按照长江三峡库区生态保育片、西南武陵山-清江流域生态屏障片、东部支流沮漳河流域生态恢复片及中部长江沿线生态修复片四大片区系统实施流域水环境治理与保护、矿山环境治理与恢复、土地整治与土壤改良、生态系统与生物多样性保护四大类项目,形成关键技术整体解决方案。     

一项引人注目的气候变化应对措施 --刍议碳处理技术的开发和应用

综合归纳了当前各种二氧化碳的减排技术,介绍了国际上碳处理技术的最新进展,提出碳处理技术是一项不容忽视的气候变化应对措施,应引起我国政府和科学界、工业界的高度重视.     

APPLICATION OF TABU SEARCH TO GROUND WATER PARAMETER ZONATION1

ABSTRACT: The spatial distribution of hydrogeologic parameter is an important issue in ground water simulation. One of the methods is to divide an area into several zones such that parameters are assumed to be constant within zone. The purpose of this study is to apply Tabu Search (TS) to find the best zonation of parameters that can result in the best ground water simulation. The initial zonation can be determined as the Thiessen method, and then zonation is optimized by T.S. The mean square error between simulated and observed hydraulic heads was used as the objective function. A designed confined aquifer with known zonation was used as an example to test the proposed method. Results indicated that Tabu Search can locate the optimal zonation successfully and avoid being trapped by local optimal zonations. Besides this, four other arbitrary initial zonations can be directed to the optimal zonation by TS, which proves the robustness of the proposed method. The method proposed in this study is feasible and expected to work well in the field problems with sufficient sampling of concerned parameters.     

生化处理油田污水的新趋势

本文介绍了油田污水排放现状、特征和危害及生化处理在油田污水处理方面的成功应用。说明了生化处理在油田污水治理有着良好的运用前景。     

安全的公路通向安全的未来——美国公路安全改进计划（HSIP）自评工具概述

本文主要介绍了美国公路安全改进计划（HSIP）的制定背景及其自评工具在领导、管理、规划、实施、评价方面的详细内容和实施方法。同时也描述了如何分析评价结果和制定行动计划，从而最大限度地保障人民群众的生命和财产安全。