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31.
Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto Cristina Maria Magalhães de Souza Helena Amaral Kehrig Carlos Eduardo Rezende 《Marine Biology》2011,158(10):2209-2217
The feeding preferences of the coastal dolphins Pontoporia blainvillei and Sotalia guianensis in south-eastern Brazil (21o18′S–22o25′S) were assessed through the prey’s index of relative importance (IRI), total mercury
concentration (Hgtot), and stable isotopic (δ15N and δ13C) to compare their efficiency in the discrimination of prey contribution to the predators’ diet. The IRI was the best tool
to describe the dolphins’ preference, while Hgtot and δ15N seemed to be efficient as a trophic marker when the diet is made up of prey of varying sizes, as observed in S. guianensis. Both dolphins presented lighter δ15N than their prey species, which is an unusual pattern. However, as the sample size to isotope ratios analysis was small,
especially to the dolphins, the results should be considered with caution, and further studies are necessary to corroborate
these findings. The δ13C values characterized a typical coastal food chain, confirming the preferential area of these species. 相似文献
32.
Assis Rhayane Alves Rezende Wadson Rodrigues dos Santos Cirley Gomes Araújo Benvindo-Souza Marcelino Amorim Nathan Pereira Lima Borges Rinneu Elias Franco-Belussi Lilian De Oliveira Classius de Souza Santos Lia Raquel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(43):60741-60752
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The sensitivity of anuran to the effects of habitat destruction and contamination has led to a preoccupying global decline in their populations.... 相似文献
33.
Andressa Cristhy Buch Maria Elizabeth Fernandes Correia Daniel Cabral Teixeira Emmanoel Vieira Silva-Filho 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
The increasing levels of mercury (Hg) found in the atmosphere arising from anthropogenic sources, have been the object of great concern in the past two decades in industrialized countries. Brazil is the seventh country with the highest rate of mercury in the atmosphere. The major input of Hg to ecosystems is through atmospheric deposition (wet and dry), being transported in the atmosphere over large distances. The forest biomes are of strong importance in the atmosphere/soil cycling of elemental Hg through foliar uptake and subsequent transference to the soil through litter, playing an important role as sink of this element. Soil microarthropods are keys to understanding the soil ecosystem, and for such purpose were characterized by the soil fauna of two Units of Forest Conservation of the state of the Rio de Janeiro, inwhich one of the areas suffer quite interference from petrochemicals and industrial anthropogenic activities and other area almost exempts of these perturbations. The results showed that soil and litter of the Atlantic Forest in Brazil tend to stock high mercury concentrations, which could affect the abundance and richness of soil fauna, endangering its biodiversity and thereby the functioning of ecosystems. 相似文献
34.
D. F. Parra D. S. Rosa J. Rezende P. Ponce A. B. Lugão 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(4):918-925
Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) was evaluated in blends with poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) of different weight average molecular
weight (Mw = 300, 600, 1,000 and 6,000). Irradiation of the PHB/PEG films was carried out to different levels of irradiation
doses (5 and 10 kGy) and the effects were investigated talking into consideration: thermal properties by differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC), perforation resistance, water vapor transmission rate and biodegradation in simulated soil. The addition
of plasticizer alters thermal stability and crystallinity of the blends. The improvement in perforation resistance due to
irradiation was regarded to be a result of the crosslinking effect. Also, biodegradation assays resulted in mass retention
improvements with increases in PEG molar masses, PEG concentration and irradiation dose. The irradiation process was shown
to hamper the biodegradation mechanism. 相似文献
35.
Paranhos Gazineu MH de Araújo AA Brandão YB Hazin CA de O Godoy JM 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2005,81(1):47-54
Scales and sludge generated during oil extraction and production can contain uranium, thorium, radium and other natural radionuclides, which can cause exposure of maintenance personnel. This work shows how the oil content can influence the results of measurements of radionuclide concentration in scale and sludge. Samples were taken from a PETROBRAS unit in Northeast Brazil. They were collected directly from the inner surface of water pipes or from barrels stored in the waste storage area of the E&P unit. The oil was separated from the solids with a Soxhlet extractor by using aguarras at 90+/-5 degrees C as solvent. Concentrations of 226Ra and 228Ra in the samples were determined before and after oil extraction by using an HPGe gamma spectrometric system. The results showed an increase in the radionuclide concentration in the solid (dry) phase, indicating that the above radionuclides concentrate mostly in the solid material. 相似文献
36.
Santos FF Martin-Neto L Airoldi FP Rezende MO 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2005,40(5):721-730
This paper reports the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the degradation of pesticide ethyl parathion in the presence of humic acids. Ethyl parathion was completely degraded in 300 min using an artificial lamp of 7.41 x 10(-10) einstein/s. Humic acid from peat did not influence the photochemical rate (k = 8.92 x 10(-3) min). However, in the presence of aquatic humic acid, the photochemical rate was higher (11.5 x 10(-3) min). The analytical determinations show the presence of p-nitrophenol and aminophenol in the reaction medium during the photochemical experiments. The kinetic of degradation in all experiments obeyed a first-order reaction pattern. 相似文献
37.
Moraes SL Rezende MO Nakagawa LE Luchini LC 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2003,38(5):605-615
The possibility of applying thin layer chromatography (TLC) detection for the analysis of pesticide residues in tomatoes was investigated. Samples of tomatoes that have never been treated with pesticide were fortified with atrazine, carbaryl, carbofuran, chloroxuron, diuron, dimethoate, imazalil, oxamyl and methamidophos. The samples were extracted, cleaned-up by gel permeation chromatography and then applied on silica gel plates. The pesticides were eluted with ethyl acetate and dichloromethane. Two eluting solvent systems were tested, one using the reagents o-toluidine + potassium iodite (o-TKI) and the other p- nitrobenzene fluoroborate (NBFB). After the development of the plates, the diameter of the spots was measured. The lowest minimum detection quantity (MDQ) for o-TKI system for atrazine was 12 ng. The highest was 125 ng for carbofuran. Using NBFB system, the lowest MDQ was 60 ng for carbaryl and the highest was 70 ng obtained for carbofuran. Considering the concentration of these pesticides in the spiked tomato samples, the minimum concentration was 1.1 ng/microL and 32.3 ng/microL for atrazine and carbofuran, respectively, by using o-TKI system. For NBFB system the minimum concentration reached was 3.5 ng/microL and 4.3 ng/microL for carbaryl and carbofuran, respectively. This study showed that TLC can be used for semi-quantitative analysis. 相似文献
38.
Rafael S. Araújo Leonardo C. Ferreira Claudinei C. Rezende Maria F. V. Marques Maria Emanuela Errico Roberto Avolio Maurizio Avella Gennaro Gentile Pietro Russo 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(8):3149-3158
This work is focused on the hydrolysis of cotton fibers from waste textiles to obtain micro and nanofibers to be used as reinforcements in polymer composites. To promote their compatibility with polymeric matrix, hydrolyzed cotton fibers were surface modified with various silane compounds. Thus, these fibers were mixed with commercial poly(lactic acid) (PLA) at 5% w/w loading by melt compounding. Acid treatments caused a decrease of the crystallinity index whereas the thermal stability was significantly improved, especially for cellulose fibers hydrolyzed in two steps. Morphological analysis revealed a reduction of the fibers diameter and a decrease of their length as a consequence of the hydrolysis. NMR analysis confirmed the silanization of the fibers by reaction with the silane agent. Tensile tests revealed that silanization treatments were able to increase the composite Young’s modulus and the stress at break with respect to the neat matrix, indicating that silanization improved the polymer/fiber compatibility interfacial adhesion. The overall results demonstrated that applying suitable surface modification strategies, waste cotton textiles can be effectively recycled as fillers in polymer based composites. 相似文献
39.
R. S. C. Coimbra M. S. Mascarenhas V. B. Saraiva C. R. Santos R. M. Lopes R. A. Hauser-Davis V. P. S. Oliveira M. M. Molisani M. G. Almeida C. E. Rezende C. E. V. Carvalho M. M. Oliveira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(9):564
Tropical coastal lagoons are highly productive environments exhibiting high biodiversity. However, the use of these ecosystems by local communities is of concern, since this generally leads to environmental degradation. The Imboassica coastal lagoon, located in Macaé city, in Northern Rio de Janeiro, is an important ecosystem in the state, however, already displaying signs of anthropogenic impacts. Carnivorous fish Hoplias malabaricus specimens were sampled from this impacted site, as well as from a reference area. Fish from Imboassica Lagoon presented lower condition factor, lower cholinesterase activity, and higher percentage of erythrocyte micronuclei when compared to fish from the reference site. Metals in fish from Imboassica Lagoon were always higher than Encantada Lagoon, with some seasonal differences, where some metals were higher in the rainy season compared to the dry season in muscle tissue, with the exception of Cu, Fe, Sr, and Zn; and in the liver, except for Ba, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Sr. Cr and Mn in the edible muscle portion of the fish were higher than the limits established by Brazilian and International legislations as permissible for human consumption, thus leading to concerns regarding public health risks for the local population that use fish as their main protein source. 相似文献
40.
Mansur Andressa Vianna Brondizio Eduardo Sonnewend Roy Samapriya de Miranda Araújo Soares Pedro Paulo Newton Alice 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(5):1411-1426
Regional Environmental Change - Sustainable urban infrastructure transition is perhaps the biggest challenge confronting cities in the global south in a time of climate change. Fast-growing cities... 相似文献