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181.
Sophie C. Rudolf Felix Kienast Anna M. Hersperger 《Journal of Environmental Planning and Management》2018,61(3):474-492
Urban growth is a key issue for spatial planning as it influences urban patterns and disrupts open landscapes. To effectively steer urban growth towards compact urban forms, many growth-management policies have been developed over recent decades. However, few studies have assessed how municipal policy mixes have evolved over time. In our representative Swiss-wide survey, we evaluated the prevalence and the time of introduction of 18 policies. Our results indicate that large municipalities use a broad range of reinforcing policies over decades. In contrast, small municipalities mostly rely on conventional land-use regulations. The lack of innovative, incentive-based policies casts doubt on small municipalities' ability to effectively manage urban growth. However, our analyses reveal recent efforts by small municipalities to diversify approaches to growth management and adopt innovative policies. These efforts should be supported by guiding small municipalities in their policy choices, and providing support to those lacking planning capacity. 相似文献
182.
Růžičková Jana Raclavská Helena Juchelková Dagmar Šafář Michal Kucbel Marek Švédová Barbora Slamová Karolina Grobelak Anna 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8582-8600
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The utilisation of waste wood from furniture production brings new problems connected with an incomplete thermochemical decomposition of additives... 相似文献
183.
The emerging transactional or protean employment contract appears to have precipitated the development of a careerist orientation on the part of employees. This study examined the generalizability of the construct in a collectivist culture and the potential moderating influence of career growth opportunities on the careerist orientation–work attitude relationships. The results tend to support the generalizability of careerist orientation across cultures and, importantly, showed an absence of a moderating influence for career growth opportunities, suggesting that organizations cannot effectively counter the negative effects of careerist orientation on work attitudes. Limitations of the study, directions for future research, and implication of the findings for organizational dependence on employees as a competitive resource are discussed. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Feeding ecology of juvenile rockfishes off Oregon and Washington based on stomach content and stable isotope analyses 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keith L. Bosley Todd W. Miller Richard D. Brodeur Katelyn M. Bosley Ahna Van Gaest Anna Elz 《Marine Biology》2014,161(10):2381-2393
The feeding habits of pelagic, juvenile rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) collected off Oregon in 2002, and Oregon and Washington in 2006, were examined using stomach content and stable isotope analyses. Sampling occurred along a series of transects across the shelf between Crescent City, California (Lat. 41°54.0′), and Newport, Oregon (Lat. 44°39.0′), in 2002, and off Willapa Bay, Washington (Lat. 46°40.0′), and the Columbia River, Oregon (Lat. 46°10.0′), in 2006. Species composition varied both years with distance from shore, but the predominant species were darkblotched (Sebastes crameri), canary (S. pinniger), yellowtail (2006 only; S. flavidus), and widow (S. entomelas) rockfishes. Stomach content analysis revealed that darkblotched rockfish had highly variable diets, and canary, yellowtail, and widow rockfishes exhibited a high degree of overlap in 2006. Multivariate analysis showed significant differences in diet based on distance from shore where caught, fish size, and species. Stable isotope analysis indicated that all species were feeding at about the same trophic level within each year, with a 1.5 ‰ difference in δ15N between years and regions. The difference in δ15N values may indicate a greater contribution of mesotrophic zooplankton such as euphausiids, hyperiid amphipods, and chaetognaths to fish diets in 2006. Depleted 13C values were indicative of diets based on primary production from a more offshore origin, suggesting that these rockfish had previously inhabited offshore waters. These results add to our understanding of some of the important environmental factors that affect young-of-the-year rockfishes during their pelagic phase. 相似文献
188.
Ewelina Grabias Agnieszka Gładysz-Płaska Anna Książek Marek Majdan 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2014,12(2):297-301
Uranium is a very toxic and radioactive element. Removal of uranium from wastewaters requires remediation technologies. Actual methods are costly and ineffective when uranium concentration is very low. Little is known about the enhancement of sorption of uranyl ions by phosphate ions on aluminosilicates. Here, we studied sorption of uranyl acetate on red clay in the presence of phosphates. The concentration of U(VI) ranged 0.0001–0.001 mol/L, whereas the concentration of PO4 3? was constant at 0.0001 mol/L. We designed a new method for the analysis of ternary surface complexes. We observed for the first time a remarkable improvement of U(VI) sorption on red clay under the influence of phosphates. We also found that at least two different ternary surface complexes U(VI)–phosphate–clay are formed in the sorbent phase. The complexation of UO2 2+ cations by phosphate ligands in the sorbent phase was confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectra of U 4f electrons. 相似文献
189.
The effects of NiCl2 were studied in two human cell lines, HeLa and diploid embryonic fibroblasts as well as in V79 Chinese hamster cells and in L‐A mouse fibroblasts. NiCl2 produces a dose‐dependent depression of proliferation, mitotic rate, and viability, accompanied by an increasing release of lactic dehydrogenase and stimulation of lactic acid production. The plating efficiency is reduced, as are DNA and protein synthesis and, to a lesser degree, RNA synthesis. The cytotoxicity of NiCl2 is comparable in degree to those of PbCl2 and MnCl2, but is weaker than those of HgCl2 and CdCl2. However, the different sensitivities of different cell lines must also be considered. NiCl2 effects are more severe in serum‐free medium than in medium containing serum or serum albumin indicating that serum constituents, notably albumin, bind the metal effectively and inhibit cellular uptake; this confirms earlier reports on the serum binding and slow uptake of NiCl2. Synchronized cells are most sensitive in the Gl and early S phases of the cell cycle. In the Painter test the depression of DNA synthesis persists following cessation of exposure to NiCI2. These findings contribute an explanation for the known genotoxic effects of nickel. 相似文献
190.
Kirsten?Kreuter Elfi?Bunk Anna?Lückemeyer Robert?Twele Wittko?Francke Manfred?AyasseEmail author 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2012,66(3):475-486
Social parasitism is widespread in many groups of social living hymenopteran species and has also evolved in the genus Bombus. Cuckoo bumblebees (subgenus Psithyrus) are obligate brood parasites in nests of other bumblebee species. After nest usurpation and the killing of the host queen,
the parasite female has to control worker reproduction in order to accomplish and maintain reproductive dominance and to ensure
her reproductive success. The aim of our study was to examine whether the generalist parasitic bumblebee Bombus bohemicus monopolizes and prevents worker reproduction by physical or chemical means and to identify possible odor compounds involved
therein. We performed bioassays with callow workers of the host Bombus terrestris and have shown that B. bohemicus females are able to suppress host worker ovarian development, when these host workers are under the direct influence of the
parasite female. Furthermore, by chemical analyses, we have demonstrated that the parasite females adjust to the odor profiles
of their host queens in order to maintain the level of fertility signaling inside the host colony although the host queen
is absent. We also found that host workers change their odor profile after nest usurpation by the parasite female and consequently,
we suggest that the host and parasite are caught up in a chemical arms race. 相似文献