Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The undertaken research examines the impact of green attitude, green customer value (e.g., environmental image and perceived value), and green... 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The development of various metal oxide semiconductor materials has resulted in better performance of the gas sensors in terms of selectivity,... 相似文献
Global industrialization and excessive dependence on nonrenewable energy sources have led to an increase in solid waste and climate change, calling for strategies to implement a circular economy in all sectors to reduce carbon emissions by 45% by 2030, and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Here we review circular economy strategies with focus on waste management, climate change, energy, air and water quality, land use, industry, food production, life cycle assessment, and cost-effective routes. We observed that increasing the use of bio-based materials is a challenge in terms of land use and land cover. Carbon removal technologies are actually prohibitively expensive, ranging from 100 to 1200 dollars per ton of carbon dioxide. Politically, only few companies worldwide have set climate change goals. While circular economy strategies can be implemented in various sectors such as industry, waste, energy, buildings, and transportation, life cycle assessment is required to optimize new systems. Overall, we provide a theoretical foundation for a sustainable industrial, agricultural, and commercial future by constructing cost-effective routes to a circular economy.
The development and recycling of biomass production can partly solve issues of energy, climate change, population growth, food and feed shortages, and environmental pollution. For instance, the use of seaweeds as feedstocks can reduce our reliance on fossil fuel resources, ensure the synthesis of cost-effective and eco-friendly products and biofuels, and develop sustainable biorefinery processes. Nonetheless, seaweeds use in several biorefineries is still in the infancy stage compared to terrestrial plants-based lignocellulosic biomass. Therefore, here we review seaweed biorefineries with focus on seaweed production, economical benefits, and seaweed use as feedstock for anaerobic digestion, biochar, bioplastics, crop health, food, livestock feed, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Globally, seaweeds could sequester between 61 and 268 megatonnes of carbon per year, with an average of 173 megatonnes. Nearly 90% of carbon is sequestered by exporting biomass to deep water, while the remaining 10% is buried in coastal sediments. 500 gigatonnes of seaweeds could replace nearly 40% of the current soy protein production. Seaweeds contain valuable bioactive molecules that could be applied as antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antifungal, anticancer, contraceptive, anti-inflammatory, anti-coagulants, and in other cosmetics and skincare products.
The global shift from a fossil fuel-based to an electrical-based society is commonly viewed as an ecological improvement. However, the electrical power industry is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions, and incorporating renewable energy can still negatively impact the environment. Despite rising research in renewable energy, the impact of renewable energy consumption on the environment is poorly known. Here, we review the integration of renewable energies into the electricity sector from social, environmental, and economic perspectives. We found that implementing solar photovoltaic, battery storage, wind, hydropower, and bioenergy can provide 504,000 jobs in 2030 and 4.18 million jobs in 2050. For desalinization, photovoltaic/wind/battery storage systems supported by a diesel generator can reduce the cost of water production by 69% and adverse environmental effects by 90%, compared to full fossil fuel systems. The potential of carbon emission reduction increases with the percentage of renewable energy sources utilized. The photovoltaic/wind/hydroelectric system is the most effective in addressing climate change, producing a 2.11–5.46% increase in power generation and a 3.74–71.61% guarantee in share ratios. Compared to single energy systems, hybrid energy systems are more reliable and better equipped to withstand the impacts of climate change on the power supply.
Environmental Chemistry Letters - The rising amount of waste generated worldwide is inducing issues of pollution, waste management, and recycling, calling for new strategies to improve the waste... 相似文献
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Boiler ash, produced by burning heavy fuel oil (HFO) in electrical power plants, is one of the most serious environmental problems facing oil-rich... 相似文献
Freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) farming in Bangladesh has, to a large extent, been dependent on the supply of wild larvae. Although there are 81 freshwater
prawn hatcheries in the country, a lack of technical knowledge, inadequate skilled manpower, and an insufficient supply of
wild broods have limited hatchery production. Many thousands of coastal poor people, including women, are engaged in fishing
for wild prawn larvae along the coastline during a few months each year. On average, 40% of the total yearly income for these
people comes from prawn larvae fishing activity. However, indiscriminate fishing of wild larvae, with high levels of bycatch
of juvenile fish and crustaceans, may impact negatively on production and biodiversity in coastal ecosystems. This concern
has provoked the imposition of restrictions on larvae collection. The ban has, however, not been firmly enforced because of
the limited availability of hatchery-raised larvae, the lack of an alternative livelihood for people involved in larvae fishing,
and weak enforcement power. This article discusses the environmental and social consequences of prawn larvae fishing and concludes
that, by increasing awareness among fry fishers, improving fishing techniques (reducing bycatch mortality), and improving
the survival of fry in the market chain, a temporal ban may be a prudent measure when considering the potential negative impacts
of bycatch. However, it also suggests that more research is needed to find out about the impact of larvae fishing on nontarget
organisms and on the populations of targeted species. 相似文献
Integrated solid waste management (ISWM) based on the 3R approach (reduce, reuse, and recycle) is aimed at optimizing the
management of solid waste from all the waste-generating sectors (municipal, construction and demolition, industrial, urban
agriculture, and healthcare facilities) and involving all the stakeholders (waste generators, service providers, regulators,
government, and community/neighborhoods). This article discusses the concept of solid waste management (SWM). Initially, SWM
was aimed at reducing the risks to public health, and later the environmental aspect also became an important focus of SWM.
Recently, another dimension is becoming a critical factor for SWM, i.e., resource conservation and resource recovery. Hence,
the 3R approach is becoming a guiding factor for SWM. On the one hand, 3R helps to minimize the amount of waste from generation
to disposal, thus managing the waste more effectively and minimizing the public health and environmental risks associated
with it. On the other hand, resource recovery is maximized at all stages of SWM. Lately, the new concept of ISWM has been
introduced to streamline all the stages of waste management, i.e., source separation, collection and transportation, transfer
stations and material recovery, treatment and resource recovery, and final disposal. It was originally targeted at municipal
solid waste management (MSWM), but now the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is promoting this concept to cover
all waste generating sectors to optimize the level of material and resource recovery for recycling as well as to improve the
efficiency of waste management services. The ISWM concept is being transformed into ISWM systems to replace conventional SWM
systems. This article further discusses the implementation process for ISWM. The process includes a baseline study on the
characterization and quantification of waste for all waste generating sectors within a city, assessment of current waste management
systems and practices, target setting for ISWM, identification of issues of concern and suggestions from stakeholders, development
of a draft ISWM plan, preparation of an implementation strategy, and establishment of a monitoring and feedback system. UNEP
is assisting member countries and their cities to develop an ISWM plan covering all the waste generating sectors within a
specific geographical or administrative area such as a city or municipality. This umbrella approach is useful to generate
sufficient volumes of recycling materials required to make recycling industries feasible. This is also helpful for efficient
reallocation of resources for SWM such as collection vehicles, transfer stations, treatment plants, and disposal sites. UNEP
is assisting cities to develop and implement ISWM based on the 3R approach. These experiences could be useful for other countries
to develop and implement ISWM to achieve improved public health, better environmental protection, and resource conservation
and resource recovery. 相似文献
Biodegradation and biodecolorization of Drimarene blue K2RL (anthraquinone) dye by a fungal isolate Aspergillus flavus SA2 was studied in lab-scale immobilized fluidized bed bioreactor (FBR) system.
Method
Fungus was immobilized on 0.2-mm sand particles. The reactor operation was carried out at room temperature and pH?5.0 in continuous flow mode with increasing concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 300, 500?mg?l?1) of dye in simulated textile effluent on the 1st, 2nd, 5th, 8th, 11th, and 14th days. The reactors were run on fill, react, settle, and draw mode, with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24?C72?h. Total run time for reactor operation was 17?days.
Results
The average overall biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and color removal in the FBR system were up to 85.57%, 84.70%, and 71.3%, respectively, with 50-mg?l?1 initial dye concentration and HRT of 24?h. Reductions in BOD and COD levels along with color removal proved that the mechanism of biodecolorization and biodegradation occurred simultaneously. HPLC and LC?CMS analysis identified phthalic acid, benzoic acid, 1, 4-dihydroxyanthraquinone, 2,3-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxy-1,4-anthracenedione, and catechol as degradation products of Drimarene blue K2RL dye. Phytotoxicity analysis of bioreactor treatments provided evidence for the production of less toxic metabolites in comparison to the parent dye.
Conclusion
The present fluidized bed bioreactor setup with indigenously isolated fungal strain in its immobilized form is efficiently able to convert the parent toxic dye into less toxic by-products. 相似文献