抗癌药卡培他滨对四膜虫的生态毒性研究

水环境抗癌药残留的生态毒性效应是当前环境领域研究热点。本文以四膜虫为模式生物,研究了抗癌药卡培他滨(CAP)对四膜虫的毒性作用。结果表明,0.25-16μMCAP对四膜虫的生长抑制无显著影响。CAP对罗丹明B在四膜虫体内积累的试验结果显示CAP对四膜虫的多药耐药性(MDR)的影响亦不显著。研究结果提示,要进一步探索敏感物种和敏感分子指标,同时考虑CAP代谢产物的生态毒性,为科学认识和评价抗癌药生态风险积累基础数据。     

安全评价机构建设之我见

根据多年的工作实践,从严格执行法律法规、造就一支高素质的专业人才队伍、不断完善技术支撑条件、实行有效的过程控制、提高业务能力、建设一个学习型组织等方面论述了安全评价机构的建设。     

Characteristics of atmospheric single particles during haze periods in a typical urban area of Beijing: A case study in October, 2014

To investigate the composition and possible sources of particles, especially during heavy haze pollution, a single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) was deployed to measure the changes of single particle species and sizes during October of 2014, in Beijing. A total of 2,871,431 particles with both positive and negative spectra were collected and characterized in combination with the adaptive resonance theory neural network algorithm (ART-2a). Eight types of particles were classified: dust particles (dust, 8.1%), elemental carbon (EC, 29.0%), organic carbon (OC, 18.0%), EC and OC combined particles (ECOC, 9.5%), Na-K containing particles (NaK, 7.9%), K-containing particles (K, 21.8%), organic nitrogen and potassium containing particles (KCN, 2.3%), and metal-containing particles (metal, 3.6%). Three haze pollution events (P1, P2, P3) and one clean period (clean) were analyzed, based on the mass and number concentration of PM_2.5 and the back trajectory results from the hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model (Hysplit-4 model). Results showed that EC, OC and K were the major components of single particles during the three haze pollution periods, which showed clearly increased ratios compared with those in the clean period. Results from the mixing state of secondary species of different types of particles showed that sulfate and nitrate were more readily mixed with carbon-containing particles during haze pollution episodes than in clean periods.     

从废次烟叶中提取茄尼醇的研究

采用有机溶剂浸取法从烟草废弃物中提取茄尼醇,对萃取溶剂和工艺条件进行了筛选,实验结果表明以石油醚作溶剂,提取时间3h,温度35℃为提取茄尼醇较适宜的条件,茄尼醇提取率达2．8％,溶剂回收率为68．6％。     

深水人工湖环境生物地球化学过程研究:以贵州红枫湖-百花湖为例

红枫湖和百花湖地处长江支流乌江水系猫跳河流域,位于黔中人为活动高强度地区,具低纬度-高海拔的地理区位;是河道型梯级开发的人工湖,具碳酸盐岩的地质背景、水寄宿时间小、水深变幅大、水体多功能、农区与覆水区镶嵌等重要特征。红枫湖表层沉积物Pb稳定同位素组成表明其污染具多源特征;剖析百花湖-红枫湖突发性水质恶化相互关联水质指标表明湖泊黑潮是特定季节、特殊气候条件下,沉积有机质生物氧化作用的耦合;脱氮过程受阻的pH控制导致亚硝酸根浓度增高;维护该湖泊水系环境质量需预防工业污染、流域侵蚀、生活污染并综合治理湖区。     

化工过程安全中的工艺危害分析方法综述

介绍了以工艺危害分析为核心的化工过程安全管理包含的6个要素,以此阐述工艺危害分析在化工过程安全管理中的重要作用。对工艺危害分析的3个不同层次的工具及应用情况进行了介绍,明确了工艺危害分析的基本要求。     

欧洲化工企业SHE评估与本质安全设计

2007年10月欧洲某跨国集团委托中国石化安全工程研究院对国内合资企业某化工项目进行安全评价,项目共18套装置,其中10套装置的工艺在国内首次采用,同时,该工艺技术又属欧洲某跨国集团的专有技术,国内没有详实的相关技术资料。为搞好评价工作,了解欧洲化工企业生产装置的设计、运行情况,了解欧洲的本质安全设计,学习欧洲化工企业的安全管理模式、理念,安全工程研究院于2008年初专门组团赴欧洲该集团总部实地技术考察。     

洪泛区湿地土壤-植物系统氮含量与气候因子灰色关联分析

文章以二百方子洪泛区湿地为例,运用灰色关联分析方法探讨了洪泛区温地土壤一植物系统氮含量变化与气候因子之间的关系。结果表明,二百方子湿地土壤氮素含量与月平均风速、月日照时数和月蒸发量的关联性较密切;芦苇地上部分氮素含量与月日照时数、月蒸发量和月平均风速关联较密切,而芦苇地下部分氮含量则与月平均降水量、月蒸发量和月平均气温关联较密切。     

认证审核客户价值量提升探讨

通过分析认证客户价值量需求,以增值审核为切入点,从量身定制增值审核方案和开发个性化增值审核产品2个角度对价值量的增值进行了探讨。     

Insight into selective removal of copper from high-concentration nickel solutions with XPS and DFT: New technique to prepare 5N-nickel with chelating resin

An efficient and profitable separation process was proposed to prepare 5N(the purity of the metal solution reaches 99.999%) high-purity nickel from 3N nickel-solutions using Purolite S984. The adsorption performance of this superior resin, especially its selectivity for metal ions,was explored quantitatively. The maximum adsorption capacity for copper was 2.286 mmol/g calculated by the Langmuir model, which was twice as large as that for nickel. In the binary systems, the adsorption capacity for nickel was decreased by 45%, indicating direct competition for the active sites. The infinite separation factor for copper versus nickel exceeded 300, revealing the feasibility of preparing5N-level high-purity nickel solutions, which was further verified using the 800 BV(bed volume) effluent in the column dynamic process.According to the cost–benefit analysis, purification contributed to a profit of approximately 60,000 USD per cycle, and the investment return period was less than 1/3 years. Density functional theory analysis confirmed that four nitrogen atoms would be involved in the coordination complex and thus a structure involving two five-membered rings could be achieved. The X-ray photoelectron spectra confirmed the involvement of nitrogen atoms,implying a coordination ratio of approximately 1:1.