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121.
Shiming Ding Di Xu Xiuling Bai Shuchun Yao Chengxin Fan Chaosheng Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(5):925-932
The understanding of organic phosphorus(P) dynamics in sediments requires information on their species at the molecular level,but such information in sediment profiles is scarce.A sediment profile was selected from a large eutrophic lake,Lake Taihu(China),and organic P species in the sediments were detected using solution phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(31 P NMR) following extraction of the sediments with a mixture of 0.25 mol/L NaOH and 50 mmol/L EDTA(NaOH-EDTA) solution.The results showed that P in the NaOH-EDTA extracts was mainly composed of orthophosphate,orthophosphate monoesters,phospholipids,DNA,and pyrophosphate.Concentrations of the major organic P compound groups and pyrophosphate showed a decreasing trend with the increase of depth.Their half-life times varied from 3 to 27 years,following the order of orthophosphate monoesters > phospholipids DNA > pyrophosphate.Principal component analysis revealed that the detected organic P species had binding phases similar to those of humic acid-associated organic P(NaOH-NRP HA),a labile organic P pool that tends to transform to recalcitrant organic P pools as the early diagenetic processes proceed.This demonstrated that the depth attenuation of the organic P species could be partly attributed to their increasing immobilization by the sediment solids,while their degradation rates should be significantly lower than what were suggested in previous studies. 相似文献
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Xin Wang Parick Y. Kwon Caleb Sturtevant Dave Kim Jeff Lantrip 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2013,15(1):127-135
This study aimed to investigate the wear of certain coated drills when drilling carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP). Three different drills were used in the drilling experiments: uncoated, diamond coated and AlTiN coated carbide (WC–Co) drills. The tool wear in CFRP machining was quite different from that in conventional metal machining. The primary wear type was a dulling or blunting of the cutting edge, which has been referred to as edge rounding wear or edge recession. In this paper, a hypothesis has been developed to explain the edge rounding wear in CFRP machining. Due to the fracture-based chip formation of CFRP, there is lack of the work material stagnation zone in front of the cutting edge, which normally prevents the edge wear in metal machining. Series of wear lead to rapid dulling of the cutting edge. The resistance to edge rounding wear on the coated as well as uncoated drills has been investigated. The diamond coating significantly reduces the edge rounding wear. However, AlTiN coated drills showed no visible improvement over the uncoated carbide drill, despite of their high hardness, thus not protecting the drill. The wear mechanisms of the uncoated carbide drill and coatings are discussed. It is believed that the 2-body and 3-body abrasive wear fail to explain the observed tool wear in CFRP drilling. However, the wear of the coatings and uncoated carbide substrate from tribo-meter tests correlated well with the tool wear in the CFRP drilling. Therefore, the tribo-meter test can be used to screen the prospective tool materials before carrying drilling experiment. 相似文献
125.
沼液经过充分发酵,其中富含多种作物所需的营养物质,因而宜作根外施肥,其效果优于化肥。在此基础上,筛选并复配PGPR根圈促生菌到沼液中,形成有机沼液生物肥。有机沼液生物肥是集营养、促生和生防为一体的多功能生物肥料。施用有机沼液生物肥辣椒果实维生素c含量达到了78.28mg/kg,比处理CK增加31%,可溶性糖含量提高32.4%。应用有机沼液生物肥番茄维生素c含量比对照增加46.6%,可溶性糖含量提高45%。施用有机沼液生物肥的黄瓜Vc含量比对照提高56.8%,可溶性糖含量提高84.2%。 相似文献
126.
CASS是SBR的一种改进型污水处理工艺,在污水处理特别是小城镇污水处理中有着广泛应用。本文介绍了CASS工艺在广东某镇污水处理厂的工程应用情况,主要包括CASS的工艺流程、设计参数及设计要点。对运行效果和经济技术指标进行了总结,并对工艺的运行和管理提出相应的建议。实际运行结果表明,该厂在处理规模为1万m^3/d条件下,出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918-2002)一级B标准,达到设计要求。该项目的成功实施,为CASS工艺在小城镇污水处理厂的应用提供了参考。 相似文献
127.
地下水污染抽出处理技术中抽水井最优布局方案研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
抽出-处理技术是治理地下水污染简便易行的方法。影响抽出-处理效率的因素很多,本文在介绍了各种技术影响因素后,采用Visual Modflow软件着重分析技术因素中井群的不同布局对抽水效率的影响。本文设计了10种井布局方案,都以抽出污染物的量达到95%为目标,得出井以直线形式排列在污染羽中轴线上,且集中排列在污染源下游的布局为最优方案,为地下水污染的抽出处理技术方案提供参考。 相似文献
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129.
Building regional priorities in forests for development and adaptation to climate change in the Congo Basin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Denis J. Sonwa Johnson N. Nkem Monica E. Idinoba Mekou Y. Bele Cyprain Jum 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2012,17(4):441-450
Indentifying common priorities in shared natural resource systems constitutes an important platform for implementing adaptation
and a major step in sharing a common responsibility in addressing climate change. Predominated by discourses on REDD + (Reduced
Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation and conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of
forest carbon stocks in developing countries) with little emphasis on adaptation there is a risk of lack of policy measures
in addressing climate change in the Congo Basin. Forest products and ecosystem services provide security portfolios for the
predominantly rural communities, and play major roles in national development programmes in both revenue and employment opportunities.
Thus, raising the profile of forests in the policy arena especially in the twin roles of addressing climate change in mitigation
and adaptation and achieving resilient development is crucial. Within the framework of the Congo Basin Forests and Climate
Change Adaptation project (COFCCA) project, science policy dialogue was conducted to identify and prioritize forest based
sectors vulnerable to climate change but important to household livelihoods and national development. The goal of the prioritization
process was for the development of intervention in forest as measures for climate change adaptation in Central Africa. Participants
constituted a wide range of stakeholders (government, Non Governmental Organizations, research institutions, universities,
community leaders, private sectors etc.) as representatives from three countries directly involved in the project: Cameroon,
Central African Republic and Democratic Republic of Congo. Building on national priorities, four forest related sectors were
identified as common priorities at the regional level for focus on climate change adaptation. These sectors included: (1)
energy with emphasis on fuel wood and Charcoal; (2) Water principally quality, quantity, accessibility, etc.; (3) Food with emphasis on Non Timber Forest Products, and (4) Health linked to healthcare products (medicinal plants). Using these prioritized sectors, the project focused on addressing the impacts of climate change on local communities and the development of adaptation strategies in the three pilot countries
of the Congo Basin region. The four sectors constitute the key for development in the region and equally considered as priority sectors in the poverty
reduction papers. Focused research on these sectors can help to inject the role of forests in national and local development
and their potentials contributions to climate change adaptation in national and public discourses. Mainstreaming forest for
climate change adaptation into national development planning is the key to improve policy coherence and effectiveness in forest
management in the region. 相似文献
130.
银川活动断层卫星遥感图像解译 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用对地表具有一定穿透能力的合成孔径雷达数据(ENVISAT ASAR)和光谱信息丰富的常规光学遥感数据(Landsat-7 ETM)作为主要数据源,综合了雷达遥感与光学遥感的成像优势,利用图像预处理、图像增强处理与多源遥感信息融合突出了银川研究区的活动断裂遥感影像特征。根据活动断层遥感解译标志,共解译出8条主要活动断层,分别为银川-平罗断裂、芦花台断裂、镇北堡断裂、黄河-灵武断裂、贺兰山东麓断裂带、黎家新庄-南泉子断裂、三关口断裂与青铜峡断裂,并对其影像特征与空间分布规律进行详细分析。银川活动断裂的解译分析为该地区的地震安全性评价与地震活动性分析奠定了基础。 相似文献