中小型制革企业综合废水处理工程的设计与应用

采用载体固体床为主要处理单元，辅以高效混凝剂处理中小型制革综合废水，工程运行表明：在进水CODcr,SS,S^2-，总铬的平均浓度在762mg/L,732mg/L,31mg/L,15mg/L的条件下，排水中的CODcr,SS,S^2-，总铬平均浓度为129mg/L,95mg/L,0.47mg/L,0.8mg/L。处理后的水质达到了GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中的Ⅱ级标准。     

Comparison of decolorization of reactive microorganisms isolated from various sources

Azo dyes are among the oldest man-made chemicals and they are still widely used in the textile, printing and the food industries.About 10% - 15% of the total dyes used in the industry is released into the environment during the manufacturing and usage. Some dyes and some of their N-substituted aromatic bio-transformation products are toxic and/or carcinogenic and therefore these dyes are considered to beenvironmental pollutants and health hazards. These azo dyes are degraded by physico-chemical and biological methods. Of these, biological methods are considered to be the most economical and efficient. In this work, attempts were made to degrade these dyes aerobically. Theorganisms which were efficient in degrading the following azo dyes-Red RB, Remazol Red, Remazol Blue, Remazol Violet, Remazol Yellow,Golden Yellow, Remazol Orange, Remazol Black- were isolated from three different sources viz., wastewater treatment plant, paper milleffluent treatment plant and tannery was tewater treatment plant. The efficiency of azo dye degradation by mixed cultures from each source wasanalyzed. It was found that mixed cultures from tannery treatment plant worked efficiently in decolorizing Remazol Red, Remazol Orange,Remazol Blue and Remazol Violet, while mixed cultures from the paper mill effluent worked efficiently in decolorizing Red RB, Golden Yellow and Remazol Yellow. The mixed cultures from wastewater treatment plant efficiently decolorized Remazol Black.     

Some recent advances in the theory of random vibration

A brief introduction is first given of the history of the technical field of random vibration, tracing back to the works of physicists since the beginning of the twentieth century. This is then followed by an account of more recent developments, with emphasis on nonlinear and quasi-nonlinear systems, and on analytical solutions for the associated Fokker-Planck equation and the generalized Pontryagin equation. The governing equation of a quasi-nonlinear system is linear, but with one or more randomly varying coefficients. The techniques for finding exact probability solutions, approximate probability solutions, conditions for motion stability, and the failure probability and statistics of a system are discussed.     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobia, available soil P and nodulation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) in Zimbabwe

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) colonization and nodulation of groundnut were examined in nine soils collected from subsistence farmers’ fields in Zimbabwe. Nodule number, shoot dry weight, shoot N and P contents, and AMF colonization were assessed after 6 weeks growth. Both nodule number and AMF colonization differed by an order of magnitude among the nine soils. Soil available P explained almost all the variability in nodule number (r² = 0.98), but had no significant effect on percent AMF colonization. By adding P to one soil, nodule numbers increased four-fold resulting in a significantly higher N content in the shoots. Similar, but smaller, effects were obtained by increasing the abundance of AMF through an inoculation with Glomus intraradices, suggesting that nodulation in this soil was limited by AMF abundance and that the fungi could, to a limited extent, substitute for P fertilizer.     

雨水就地处置方式的环境风险评价

雨水的就地处置正在成为一种新的处理雨水的方法，但是由于雨水径流水质的不稳定性，回灌可能会对环境产生不利的影响。因此在实施雨水回灌前需进行环境风险评价。通过对上海市雨水径流中常见污染物质含量分析（包括重金属，微生物，阴阳离子以及常规水质指标4个方面），对各种监测和实验数据进行详细分析，得出在严格控制回灌区域，保证回灌雨水水质的前提下，雨水回灌不会对环境带来不利影响的结论。     

Microvillar enzyme assays in amniotic fluid and fetal tissues at different stages of development

A systematic study of microvillar enzyme activities in the amniotic fluid in correlation with their values in different fetal tissues during development has been undertaken. Microvillar enzymes appeared in the amniotic fluid at the time of disappearance of the anal membrane, 12–13 weeks, and declined from the 18th week until the 24th week. The study of fetal tissues and fluids has shown that gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase is mainly of liver origin. The significant decrease of the activities of these amniotic fluid enzymes has been the basis of prenatal diagnosis of cystic fibrosis. These assays may be useful for the diagnosis of certain digestive tract abnormalities at later stages of pregnancy.     

Metal removal studied by a laboratory scale immobilized microalgal reactor

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Chromosomal abnormalities associated with a single umbilical artery

A single umbilical artery was seen in 10 out of 117 cytogenetically abnormal pregnancies. The abnormal karyotypes found to be associated with a single umbilical artery were trisomy 18 (n = 5), monosomy X (n = 2), triploidy (n = 1), sex chromosome (47,XYY; n = 1) and translocation (46t(X,5)(q13p15); n = 1). With the exception of the translocation case, all cases with a single umbilical artery had anatomical defects which were detectable ultrasonographically. This suggests that a single umbilical artery alone is not an indication for prenatal fetal karyotyping.