高浓度聚合氯化铁混凝剂的净水效果

采用共聚方法制备聚合氯化铁混凝剂．试验了它对模拟水的除浊和脱色效果,对高、中、低浊度的地表水以及炼油废水的处理效果．实验结果表明：与FeCl3相比,聚合氯化铁(PFC)具有更好的除浊、脱色效果,COD去除率、除油率的效果大大提高;W／Fe摩尔比对PFC混凝效果的影响不尽相同,在实际水处理中,应根据处理对象的不同,选择合适的参数以达到最佳的混凝效果．     

长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区鱼类产卵场功能现状分析及保护启示

长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区具有开放性、跨界性和范围模糊性等特征,随着所在区域对岸线资源的开发利用,保护区鱼类产卵场功能退化严重。基于对保护区保护针对性及有效性地提升,选择长江宜宾段36个产卵场为切入点,采取实地勘察、走访的方式开展调查,全面梳理了产卵场河段及岸线利用现状、产卵鱼类现状及产卵场面临问题等,并对产卵场功能现状进行划分。结果表明:功能良好和功能一般的特有珍稀鱼类产卵场仅占调查总数的33.3%,功能部分退化、严重退化的产卵场占61%,保护区产卵场功能的整体退化已成为不争的事实。面向产卵场及保护区的未来发展,论文提出开展系统性调查研究、科学认识保护对象的资源现状,处理好发展与保护的关系、提升岸线资源利用持续性,设置独立性管理主体、增强监管时效性等政策启示。     

Biosorption of uranium (VI) by immobilized Aspergillus fumigatus beads

Biosorption of uranium (VI) ions by immobilized Aspergillus fumigatus beads was investigated in a batch system. The influences of solution pH, biosorbent dose, U (VI) concentration, and contact time on U (VI) biosorption were studied. The results indicated that the adsorption capacity was strongly affected by the solution pH, the biosorbent dose and initial U (VI) concentration. Optimum biosorption was observed at pH 5.0, biosrobent dose (w/v) 2.5%, initial U (VI) concentration 60 mg L⁻¹. Biosorption equilibrium was established in 120 min. The adsorption process conformed to the Freunlich and Temkin isothermal adsorption models. The dynamic adsorption model conformed to pseudo-second order model.     

Growth and potential reproduction of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Poa crymophila</Emphasis> in response to season precipitation shortage in the Eastern Tibetan Plateau,China

The growing season in 2006 existed a quite less precipitation than previous years in the eastern of Tibetan Plateau, China. In order to explore the response strategies of the grass to drought year, the variations of growth and potential reproduction of Poa crymophila between rich (2005) and poor rainfall year (2006) were studied. Reproductive shoot biomass, above- and below-ground biomass pronounced decreased in the poor rainfall year, but the ratio of above-/below-ground biomass and vegetative shoot biomass increased. Carbon content in inflorescence increased significantly in 2006, but decreased significantly in root. Nitrogen contents and the C/N ratios in plant components were not significantly different. Sexual reproduction in 2005 and 2006 was not different. Season precipitation shortage could result in the higher mortality of vernal budding shoots or tillers. The results suggested that P. crymophila response to poor rainfall year (drought) by a smaller plant body, allocating more proportional biomass to above-ground, altering more carbon to inflorescence, and altering its reproductive way to sexual.     

铁基膨润土对水中磷酸根的吸附热力学及动力学研究

采用铁盐改性制得铁基膨润土,研究了其对水中磷酸根的吸附性能及影响因素,结果表明,通过对膨润土的改性提高了磷的去除率,含磷废水初始pH值的大小对磷的去除率影响不大,初始浓度越低越有利于磷的去除。磷的去除率随改性膨润土的投加量增大而提高,随温度升高而增大。进一步研究表明,改性膨润土对磷的吸附是吸热反应,其吸附等温线可采用Langmuir等温吸附方程拟合;改性膨润土对磷的吸附是快速吸附,在20 min内,磷去除率达70%以上,符合准二级吸附动力学模型。     

钻井废水的生物强化处理简

从受钻井废水污染的土壤样品中筛选菌株进行生物处理实验,确定7株菌进行菌剂配伍。通过正交实验剔除可能有抑制作用的菌株,并确定菌剂各组成菌株的最佳配比,制成复合微生物菌剂。考察5种添加物对菌剂的影响,结果显示,当硫酸铵的添加量为20 mg/L时降解率为60%,高于其他添加物。生物强化实验结果显示,投加菌剂的反应器对钻井废水的平均降解率为42%,比未投加菌剂的对照实验的平均降解率（16%）高,而且耐冲击负荷性和降解性能稳定性优于对照实验。     

次氯酸钠催化氧化法处理十二碳硫醇恶臭污水

采用活性炭和次氯酸钠催化氧化处理含有十二碳硫醇的恶臭污水,进行了小试并取得了良好的效果。在活性炭作催化剂,反应温度为100℃,反映时间为2-3min的实验条件下,1mL1%(m/v)NaClO即可处理100mL污水,处理后的废水无色无臭,可直接排放。     

深圳市公路建设对生态环境的影响、治理及对策

公路建设曾经给深圳的生态环境造成了较为严重的危害 ,主要有 :严重的水土流失及其派生影响 ,对一些具有观赏价值的自然景观产生破坏 ,影响了部分区域动植物生存环境等。主要对这些环境影响及已进行的治理及其成效进行综述 ,对治理工作的不足及未来对策也进行了探讨。     

金华生态建筑的设计

金华生态建筑是自身良性循环的绿色建筑物,有3个特点,即屋顶覆土种植或养殖或设太阳能装置,地下设有以净化生活污水为主要目的沼气净化池,墙体垂直绿化,这三者缺不一可,但可单项利用,它有节土,节水,节能和经济,环境,社会产益协调统一这两大优点。     

天津市空气污染预报方法

文章论述了空气污染预报几种理论和方法,特别详细介绍了天津市空气质量预报方法及其应用效果。