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31.
Interest in the development of inorganic polymerized coagulants is growing; however, there are only limited studies on the synthesis of polytitanium coagulants, which are expected to exhibit improved coagulation efficiency with better floc properties. This study presents the synthesis of polytitanium sulfate (PTS) for potential application in water purification, followed by characterization of PTS flocs and titanium species detection. Stable PTS solutions were successfully synthesized and standard jar tests were conducted to evaluate their coagulation efficiency. Electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) speciation analysis revealed that a variety of mononuclear and polynuclear complexes were formed in PTS solution, indicating the polymeric nature of the synthesized coagulant. Floc characteristics were studied through on-line monitoring of floc size using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. Results showed that PTS had a comparable or in some cases even higher organic matter and particulate removal efficiency than Ti(SO4)2. The effluent pH after PTS coagulation significantly improved toward desirable values closer to neutral pH. Properties of flocs formed by PTS were significantly improved in terms of floc size, growth rate and structure. This study showed that PTS could be an efficient and promising coagulant for water purification, with the additional benefit that its coagulated sludge can be used to recover valuable TiO2 nanoparticles for various commercial applications. 相似文献
32.
采用多元统计主成分分析方法对城市河流邕江8个监测断面的高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、生物需氧量、溶解氧等10个水质指标进行分析计算.结果表明:(1)提取占总方差86.99％的3个因子来反映邕江水体的污染程度:①以氨氮、高锰酸指数、总磷、溶解氧、石油类、化学需氧量等有机污染因子控制;②粪大肠菌群和酸碱性控制;③重金属也存在于邕江.(2)上游水质明显优于下游,表明城区产生的工业与生活污水对邕江水质产生了明显影响. 相似文献
33.
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different Al species and chitosan (CS) dosages on coagulation performance, floc characteristics (floc sizes, strength and regrowth ability and fractal dimension) and membrane resistance in a coagulation–ultrafiltration hybrid process. Results showed that different Al species combined with humic acid in diverse ways. Ala had better removal efficiency, as determined by UV254 and dissolved organic carbon, which could be further improved by the addition of CS. In addition, the optimal dosage of different Al species was determined to be 4.0 mg/L with the CS concentration of 1.0 mg/L, by orthogonal coagulation experiments. Combining Ala/Alb/Alc with CS resulted in larger flocs, higher recovery, and higher fractal dimension values corresponding to denser flocs; in particular, the floc size at the steady state stage was four times larger than that obtained with Al species coagulants alone. The results of ultrafiltration experiments indicated that the external fouling percentage was significantly higher than that of internal fouling, at around 85% and 15%, respectively. In addition, the total membrane resistance was significantly decreased due to CS addition. 相似文献
34.
聚硅氯化铝（PASC）的形态分布及转化规律：Ⅰ.Al—Ferron逐时络合比色？… 总被引：21，自引：2，他引：21
采用Ａｌ－Ｆｅｒｒｏｎ逐时络合比色法比较研究了ＰＡＳＣ与ＰＡＣ中铝的形态分布及转化规律。实际结果表明,在ＰＡＳＣ中,由于聚硅酸与铝水解聚合产物的相互作用,使得铝的水解聚合形态分布及转化情况发生了变化。 相似文献
35.
In this paper, a method using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was developed to simultaneously analyze five taste and odor compounds in surface water, i.e., 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (TCA), 2-isopropyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IPMP), 2-isobutyl-3-methoxy pyrazine (IBMP), and trans -1,10-dimethyl-trans -9-decalol (geosmin, GSM). The mass spectrometry was operated in selective ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Three kinds of SPE columns and three eluting solvents were compared, the C18 column was chosen as optimum SPE column, and methanol was chosen as the optimum eluting solvent. It was found that the method showed good linearity in the range of 1–200 ng·L-1 and gave detection limits of 0.5–1.5 ng·L-1 for individual compounds. Good recoveries (93.5%–108%) and relative standard deviations (1.58%–7.31%) were also obtained. Additionally, concentrations of these taste and odor compounds in Jinan’s surface and drinking water were analyzed by applying this method, and the results showed that GSM and 2-MIB were the dominant taste and odor compounds in Jinan’s raw water. 相似文献
36.
潜流人工湿地污染河水处理系统中的填料堵塞问题研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
利用潜流人工湿地系统处理污染河水,水力负荷为0.15 m3/(m2·d).研究了该系统长期运行过程中的填料堵塞问题及其对污染物去除率的影响.构建了潜流人工湿地污染河水处理中试系统,在运行两年后,潜流人工湿地填料存在一定的堵塞现象,填料孔隙率最大减少了2.67%.填料孔隙堵塞现象主要发生在该中试系统的前段(沿水流方向距进水点0～5 m),其填料堵塞物质主要为无机颗粒物.植物对填料堵塞问题的改善作用并不显著.填料的部分堵塞对该中试系统中污染物的去除率有一定的影响,运行第2年氨氮的去除率略有降低,而COD的去除率有增加的趋势. 相似文献
37.
以铝酸钠为碱化剂,采用缓慢滴碱法合成了高浓度(2.0mol.L-1左右)具有不同Si/Al摩尔比的聚硅氯化铝复合混凝剂(PASC).采用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法、碱式滴定法和红外光谱分析,研究了铝的形态分布、水解-聚合历程及铝硅间的相互作用.实验结果表明,Al-Ferron络合动力学符合At=A0+A1[1-exp(-kb1t]+A2[-exp(-kb2t)];在PASC中,硅酸钠和铝的水解产物间存在着相互作用,这种作用对铝的水解-聚合历程和形态分布有不同程度的影响.用铝酸钠制备PASC时有利于Al的形态由低聚物向中、高聚物转化,且随着PASC中Si/Al比的增加生成多核羟铝配合物的能力逐渐增强. 相似文献
38.
制备了碱化度(B)及不同Al3+/SO42-摩尔比的系列PACS,用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法研究了铝的形态分布,考察了碱化度(B)、Al3+/SO42-摩尔比、稀释作用及pH值对铝的形态分布的影响.实验结果表明,Al3+/SO42-摩尔比及溶液的pH值对铝的形态分布有较大的影响,稀释作用对铝的形态分布影响较小.Al3+/SO42-摩尔比愈小,pH值愈高,铝的水解聚合大分子及胶体粒子所占的比例就愈大. 相似文献
39.
40.
Yuanfang Wang Baoyu Gao Qinyan Yue Xiao Zhan Xiaohui Si Chunxiao Li 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(2):423-431
Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polymers with different intrinsic viscosity (η) and cationicity (τ) were synthesized. The flocculation performance and mechanism of these polymers in the removal of the reactive and disperse dyes from synthetic wastewater was investigated in terms of flocculation dynamics and color removal efficiency. The polymer flocculation efficiency was compared with that of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and a composite flocculant based on polyaluminum chloride-epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polyamine. The results showed that epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polymer was effective over a pH range of 2–10 for the reactive and disperse dye removal (Reactive Brilliant Red and Disperse Yellow dyes). Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polymer with the highest η and τ gave the best reactive dye removal efficiency, and its adsorption-bridging and electric neutralization ability played important roles in the flocculation process. The higher the η viscosity of the epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polymer, the better the flocculation performance of epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polyamine, and stronger adsorption-bridging ability was obtained for removing the disperse dye from dyeing wastewaters. Epichlorohydrin-dimethylamine polymer achieved better decolorization performance when used together with PAC. 相似文献