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81.
Graziele Aparecida Fernandes da Cruz Débora de Jesus Pires Luiz Artur Mendes Bataus Rassan Dyego Romão Silva Mônica Santiago Barbosa Raylane Pereira Gomes Carla Afonso Silva Bitencourt Braga Lilian Carla Carneiro 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(10):616
The objective of this study was to identify Z. indianus in PEJC and PESCAN. Listed are the following methods: to isolate bacteria from the integument of the Z. indianus species collected and to check the resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. Collections of Z. indianus were performed in four seasons of the two parks. The results obtained suggest that the low amount of Z. indianus collected can be justified by environmental factors such as high average temperature and low average humidity. It is noted that there is a predominance of bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family found in both the PEJC and the PESCAN. The antibiogram performed for the isolated PEJC bacteria shows statistical significance when comparing the edge and inside values of the park. Studies with fungi were also carried out, and it was evidenced that Trichophyton spp. was the genus that most inhabited the two environments studied. The ability of fluconazole and ketoconazole to inhibit fungal growth was also investigated, and considering the concentration tested may suggest that they have good action spectra. Plasmid profile data show that 60% of antibiotic-resistant bacteria have plasmids. The values found show that Z. indianus can act as vectors of microorganisms that affect the healthy animals and humans and that these organisms may be influenced by seasons. 相似文献
82.
L.J.P.F. Neves S.M. Barbosa A.J.S.C. Pereira 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2009,100(10):896-904
Indoor radon activities were measured during a period of 6 months, as well as several physical environmental variables (temperature, pressure, humidity and rainfall). The location was a small room at an administrative building of the University of Coimbra, usually undisturbed by human activities and situated over bedrock of low-uranium Triassic red sandstones. A low average activity of radon was observed (36 Bq m−3), however showing a very well marked daily periodicity (10 ± 5 Bq m−3), with maximum values occurring more frequently between 9 and 10 a.m. Daily variations are shown to have no relation with earth tides, and their amplitudes exhibit a significant correlation with outdoor temperature; no dependence on barometric pressure was found. Rainfall disturbs the observed daily radon cycles through a strong reduction of their amplitude, but has no effect on the long-term variability of the gas concentration. 相似文献
83.
Dorneles PR Lailson-Brito J Fernandez MA Vidal LG Barbosa LA Azevedo AF Fragoso AB Torres JP Malm O 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2008,156(3):1268-1276
In Brazil, there is no restriction to the use of organotins (OTs). Previous investigations have shown that hepatic ∑Sn in cetaceans is predominantly organic. Hepatic ∑Sn concentrations were determined by GFAAS in 67 cetaceans (13 species) that stranded on Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and Espirito Santo (ES) states. Concentrations (in ng/g wet wt.) of marine tucuxis (n = 20) from the highly contaminated Guanabara Bay (in RJ) varied from 1703 to 9638. Concentrations of three marine tucuxi foetuses and one newborn calf (all from Guanabara Bay) varied between 431 and 2107. Contrastingly, the maximum level among 19 oceanic dolphins was 346, and 15 out of these 19 specimens presented concentrations below detection limit. The levels of Sn in six marine tucuxis from a less contaminated area (ES) varied from below detection limit to 744. Comparing to the literature, coastal cetaceans from Brazil appear to be highly exposed to OTs. 相似文献
84.
Evaluation of surface water quality in aquatic bodies under the influence of uranium mining (MG, Brazil) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Suzelei Rodgher Heliana de Azevedo Carla Rolim Ferrari Cláudio Vítor Roque Leilane Barbosa Ronqui Michelle Burato de Campos Marcos Roberto Lopes Nascimento 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(3):2395-2406
The quality of the water in a uranium-ore-mining area located in Caldas (Minas Gerais State, Brazil) and in a reservoir (Antas reservoir) that receives the neutralized acid solution leaching from the waste heaps generated by uranium mining was investigated. The samples were collected during four periods (October 2008, January, April and July 2009) from six sampling stations. Physical and chemical analyses were performed on the water samples, and the data obtained were compared with those of the Brazilian Environmental Standards and WHO standard. The water samples obtained from waste rock piles showed high uranium concentrations (5.62 mg L?1), high manganese values (75 mg L?1) and low average pH values (3.4). The evaluation of the water quality at the point considered the limit between the Ore Treatment Unit of the Brazilian Nuclear Industries and the environment (Consulta Creek) indicated contamination by fluoride, manganese, uranium and zinc. The Antas reservoir showed seasonal variations in water quality, with mean concentrations for fluoride (0.50 mg L?1), sulfate (16 mg L?1) and hardness (20 mg L?1) which were low in January, evidencing the effect of rainwater flowing into the system. The concentrations for fluoride, sulfate and manganese were close or above to the limits established by current legislation at the point where the treated mining effluent was discharged and downstream from this point. This study demonstrated that the effluent discharged by the UTM affected the quality of the water in the Antas reservoir, and thus the treatments currently used for effluent need to be reviewed. 相似文献
85.
Rodrigo Pereira Cavalcante Lucas da Rocha Sandim Danielle Bogo Antônio Marcos Jacques Barbosa Marly Eiko Osugi Matildes Blanco Silvio Cesar de Oliveira Maria de Fatima Cepa Matos Amilcar Machulek Jr Valdir Souza Ferreira 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(4):2352-2361
In the present study, selected advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)—namely, photo-Fenton (with Fe2+, Fe3+, and potassium ferrioxalate—FeOx—as iron sources), solar photo-Fenton, Fenton, and UV/H2O2—were investigated for degradation of the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone (MTX), frequently used to treat metastatic breast cancer, skin cancer, and acute leukemia. The results showed that photo-Fenton processes employing Fe(III) and FeOx and the UV/H2O2 process were most efficient for mineralizing MTX, with 77, 82, and 90 % of total organic carbon removal, respectively. MTX probably forms a complex with Fe(III), as demonstrated by voltammetric and spectrophotometric measurements. Spectrophotometric titrations suggested that the complex has a 2:1 Fe3+:MTX stoichiometric ratio and a complexation constant (K) of 1.47 × 104 M–1, indicating high MTX affinity for Fe3+. Complexation partially inhibits the involvement of iron ions and hence the degradation of MTX during photo-Fenton. The UV/H2O2 process is usually slower than the photo-Fenton process, but, in this study, the UV/H2O2 process proved to be more efficient due to complexing of MTX with Fe(III). The drug exhibited no cytotoxicity against NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblast cells when oxidized by UV/H2O2 or by UV/H2O2/FeOx at the concentrations tested. 相似文献
86.
Obtaining quantitative information about the recovery of fire-affected ecosystems is of utmost importance from the management and decision-making point of view. Nowadays the concern about natural environment protection and recovery is much greater than in the past. However, the resources and tools available for its management are still not sufficient. Thus, attention and precision is needed when decisions must be taken. Quantitative estimates on how the vegetation is recovering after a fire can be of help for evaluating the necessity of human intervention on the fire-affected ecosystem, and their importance will grow as the problem of forest fires, climate change and desertification increases.This article performs a comparison of methods to extract quantitative estimates of vegetation cover regrowth with Landsat TM and ETM+ data in an area that burned during the summer of 1998 in the Liguria region (Italy). In order to eliminate possible sources of error, a thorough pre-processing was carried out, including a careful geometric correction (reaching RMSE lower than 0.3 pixels), a topographic correction by means of a constrained Minnaert model and a combination of absolute and relative atmospheric correction methods. Pseudo Invariant Features (PIF) were identified by implementing an automated selection method based in temporal Principal Component Analysis (PCA), which has been called multi-Temporal n-Dimensional Principal Component Analysis (mT-nD-PCA).Spectral Mixture Analysis (SMA) was compared against quantitative vegetation indices which are based on well known traditional vegetation indices like Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI). Accuracy assessment was performed by regressing vegetation cover results obtained with each method against field data gathered during the fieldwork campaign carried out in the study area. Results obtained showed how vegetation cover fractions extracted from the NDVI based quantitative index were the most accurate, being superior to the rest of the techniques applied, including SMA. 相似文献
87.
This study addresses the means local administrators and legislators in emerging economies dispose of to implement directives passed down to them by international environmental agreements. Specific reference is made to agreements and policies dealing with fresh water supply and waste management. Although the Johannesburg Summit asked that the proportion of people without access to drinking water and basic sanitation be halved by 2015, actions need to be developed on a local scale to reach the target. They need to consider the existence of supply limits for water and the subtle difference between sanitation and waste collection. The concepts of reactive and proactive legislation are confronted. Proactive legislation, already used in the industrialized World, is proposed to introduce new patterns of behavior into emerging economy communities. The proposed legal texts have the capacity to be self-fulfilling in the quest for local compliance with international targets. 相似文献
88.
89.
Adeyemi Joseph A. Gallimberti Matheus Olise Christian C. Rocha Bruno Alves Adedire Chrs O. Barbosa Jr Fernando 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37645-37649
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Bisphenol A (BPA) is a high production volume chemical that has wide industrial applications, especially as a color developer in thermal papers. The... 相似文献
90.
The solid waste accumulation patterns on Tamandaré beach, Pernambuco State (Brazil), was assessed from February 2001 to July 2002. This beach is easily accessible, frequently used, and there is a public cleaning service. The beach is under the influence of three small coastal drainage basins. The study visually divided the beach into 15 segments according to the level of solid waste contamination into absent (A), trace (B), unacceptable (C) and objectionable (D). The lowest levels of contamination were found at the middle part of the study area, the most vulnerable in respect to coastal erosion presenting numerous interventions on the beach, absence of native vegetation and lesser width. The highest levels of contamination were at the northern and southern ends of the area, where there are no developments, the beach morphology favours deposition of sediments, there is native vegetation and the beach is wider. The D level did not occur within the area. 相似文献