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在环境换取经济增长向环境优化经济增长转变的新彤势下.应拓展建设项目环境保护设施竣工验收监测的内涵。指出目前的竣工验收监测对工业生产型建设项目的制约因素考虑不周、忽视了“三同时”的垒过程、忽视了非工业生产型建设项目和区域性开发项目、忽视了无组织排放污染源。提出要创新治理设施竣工验收监测理念、优化竣工验收监测方法、强化竣工验收生态监测技术的研究、开展区域性建设项目的验收监测。 相似文献
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2-naphthylamine was incubated with induced rat liver microsome S9 preparation and the metabolites were separated through HPLC. The following products were identified: 2-amino-5-naphthol, 2-amino-6-naphthol, 2-amino-7-naphthol and 2-amino-8-naphthol. The yields of these four metabolites are varying in quantity, and the relative contents of 2-amino-8-, -5-, -6- and -7-naphthol are 52.6%, 28.5%, 14.0% and 4.9% respectively. These results are consistent with the quantitative HMO calculation and inference based upon Di-region theory, i.e., the metabolisms of aryl amines on extra-ring (assigned the ring without the substituent of amino group) are through the epoxidation and then NIH shift, but are not the direct hydroxylation in the formation of phenols. It is shown that both the amino group and the carbon atoms on the extra-ring play duality roles of activation and detoxification in metabolism. 相似文献
165.
A scheme for watershed protection and landscape enhaneement(WPLE) by utilization of fiver water was proposed to renovate water resources and protect ecological environment in Qiongshan City, Hainan Province, China. Utilization of fiver water may diminish the drought and flood risks. The scheme is benefieial to solve the problems of water resources shortage, groundwater declines and saltwater intrusion in the watershed. The object of the WPLE scheme is to aehieve a sustainable integrated development of environment, ecology, economy and society.A kind of physieally beautiful and funetionally vivid landscape may exert its synthetieal funetion on the diversity of landscape and the enjoyment of inhabitants. Feasibility of the scheme will be demonstrated by more exoeriments and tests, as well as observations in a long term. 相似文献
166.
金属浓度,半透膜孔径,水温及配位体对半透膜囊吸收铜的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
在实验室条件下,研究了影响树脂-半透膜囊吸收铜的主要因素,重点探讨了水相铜含量,半透膜孔径,温度以及天然河水中的有机配位体对吸收的影响。结果表明,半透膜囊吸收量与水相游离铜浓度,水温及半透膜孔径的非整数次幂成正比,其中包括EDTA,河水富里酸,以及河水中的各种天然有机物在内的配位体均与铜生成不能被半透膜囊吸收的络合物,研究结果进一步证实了半透膜囊对水环境中游离态微量金属进行长期监测的可行性。 相似文献
167.
Rejection of emerging organic micropollutants in nanofiltration-reverse osmosis membrane applications. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pei Xu J?rg E Drewes Christopher Bellona Gary Amy Tae-Uk Kim Marc Adam Thomas Heberer 《Water environment research》2005,77(1):40-48
The rejection of emerging trace organics by a variety of commercial reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), and ultra-low-pressure RO (ULPRO) membranes was investigated using TFC-HR, NF-90, NF-200, TFC-SR2, and XLE spiral membrane elements (Koch Membrane Systems, Wilmington, Massachusetts) to simulate operational conditions for drinking-water treatment and wastewater reclamation. In general, the presence of effluent organic matter (EfOM) improved the rejection of ionic organics by tight NF and RO membranes, as compared to a type-II water matrix (adjusted by ionic strength and hardness), likely as a result of a decreased negatively charged membrane surface. Rejection of ionic pharmaceutical residues and pesticides exceeded 95% by NF-90, XLE, and TFC-HR membranes and was above 89% for the NF-200 membrane. Hydrophobic nonionic compounds, such as bromoform and chloroform, exhibited a high initial rejection, as a result of both hydrophobic-hydrophobic solute-membrane interactions and steric exclusion, but rejection decreased significantly after 10 hours of operation because of partitioning of solutes through the membranes. This resulted in a partial removal of disinfection byproducts by the RO membrane TFC-HR. In a type-II water matrix, the effect of increasing feed water recoveries on rejection of hydrophilic ionic and nonionic compounds was compound-dependent and not consistent for different membranes. The presence of EfOM, however, could neutralize the effect of hydrodynamic operating condition on rejection performance. The ULPRO and tight NF membranes were operated at lower feed pressure, as compared to the TFC-HR, and provided a product water quality similar to a conventional RO membrane, regarding trace organics of interest. 相似文献
168.
Chang FT Lin YC Bai H Pei BS 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2003,53(11):1384-1390
The use of a honeycomb zeolite concentrator and an oxidation process is one of the most popular methods demonstrated to control volatile organic compound (VOCs) emissions from waste gases in semiconductor manufacturing plants. This study attempts to characterize the performance of a concentrator in terms of the removal efficiencies of semiconductor VOCs (isopropyl alcohol [IPA], acetone, propylene glycol methyl ether [PGME], and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate [PGMEA]) under several parameters that govern the actual operations. Experimental results indicated that at inlet temperatures of under 40 degrees C and a relative humidity of under 80%, the removal efficiency of a zeolite concentrator can be maintained well over 90%. The optimal rotation speed of the concentrator is between 3 and 4.5 rph in this study. The optimal rotation speed increases with the VOCs inlet concentration. Furthermore, reducing the concentration ratio helps to increase the removal efficiency, but it also increases the incineration cost. With reference to competitive adsorption, PGMEA and PGME are more easily adsorbed on a zeolite concentrator than are IPA and acetone because of their high boiling points and molecular weights. 相似文献
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170.
运用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术在分子生物学水平上评价了低浓度阿特拉津长期暴露对鲫鱼DNA的影响.结果表明:0.006mg·L-1以上浓度(试验浓度系列为0.006、0.023、0.094、0.375、1.5、3mg·L-1)的阿特拉津持续暴露60d均会对鲫鱼的DNA产生影响;经筛选,确定有34条引物能够扩增出鲫鱼基因组DNA,其中有8条引物能检测出阿特拉津对鲫鱼基因组DNA影响的差异:各浓度组鲫鱼DNA的RAPD扩增产物条带均出现不同程度缺失;在较低浓度长期暴露下阿特拉津对鲫鱼基因组DNA的损伤无明显的剂量-效应关系,阿特拉津毒性在0.375mg·L-1时突然增强,但这一趋势并未向更高浓度组延续(1.5mg·L-1组表现出的毒性弱于0.375mg·L-1组和3mg·L-1组). 相似文献