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141.
Platinum group metal (PGM) refining processes produce large quantities of wastewater, which is contaminated with the compounds that make up the solvents/extractants mixtures used in the process. These compounds often include solvesso, beta-hydroxyxime, amines, amides and methyl isobutyl ketone. A process to clean up PGM refinery wastewaters so that they could be re-used in the refining process would greatly contribute to continual water storage problems and to cost reduction for the industry. Based on the concept that organic compounds that are produced biologically can be destroyed biologically, the use of biological processes for the treatment of organic compounds in other types of waste stream has been favoured in recent years, owing to their low cost and environmental acceptability. This review examines the available biotechnologies and their effectiveness for treating compounds likely to be contained in precious metal extraction process wastewaters. The processes examined include: biofilters, fluidized bed reactors, trickle-bed bioreactors, bioscrubbers, two-phase partitioning bioreactors, membrane bioreactors and activated sludge. Although all processes examined showed adequate to excellent removal of organic compounds from various gaseous and fewer liquid waste streams, there was a variation in their effectiveness. Variations in performance of laboratory-scale biological processes are probably due to the inherent change in the microbial population composition due to selection pressure, environmental conditions and the time allowed for adaptation to the organic compounds. However, if these factors are disregarded, it can be established that activated sludge and membrane bioreactors are the most promising processes for use in the treatment of PGM refinery wastewaters. 相似文献
142.
Charbel Jose Chiappetta Jabbour Ana Beatriz Lopes de Sousa Jabbour 《International Journal of Green Energy》2016,13(9):907-910
This work presents empirical evidence of the main challenges in managing/leading academic research groups on clean and green technologies in Brazilian universities. We also present evidence about the main barriers to the effective creation of innovation and technology transfer of these clean and green technologies. Empirical evidence come from PhD researchers/academics who lead/manage official research groups on clean (environmental, green) technologies. Results show the following: (a) The main challenges of managing research groups are the lack of an innovative culture, the lack of partnership with an industrial sector, and the necessity of keeping laboratories updated; (b) the main barriers to innovation and technology transfer are difficulties in not having enough researchers and staff members, assessments of academic performance that do not consider innovation, and an uncertain national legislation on clean technology. Based on these and others’ findings, we suggest that policymakers working on clean and green technologies pay attention to act and develop initiatives focusing on the following: providing direct financial support for laboratory improvement, linking academics and practitioners from the industrial sector, and providing training and development programs on clean and green technologies’ legislation and financial issues, such as the payoff of clean and green technologies and opportunities from green investors. 相似文献
143.
Soares Beatriz Caliman Abilio Thais Eduarda José Julia Cristina Labuto Geórgia Carrilho Elma Neide Vasconcelos Martins 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8822-8834
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Biosorption is a viable and environmentally friendly process to remove pollutants and species of commercial interest. Biological materials are... 相似文献
144.
Pereira Beatriz Salustiano Castrisana Raíssa Nobre de Freitas Caroline Contiero Jonas Brienzo Michel 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2021,23(4):1365-1373
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The chemical characterization of the food waste allowed to discriminate between the pre-preparation and post-preparation residues from a... 相似文献
145.
146.
Isolation and characterization of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa from a virgin Brazilian Amazon region with potential to degrade atrazine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ana Flavia Tonelli Fernandes Michelle Barbosa Partata da Silva Vinicius Vicente Martins Carlos Eduardo Saraiva Miranda Eliana Guedes Stehling 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(24):13974-13978
The use of pesticides to increase agricultural production can result in the contamination of the environment, causing changes in the genetic structure of organisms and in the loss of biodiversity. This practice is also inducing changes in the rainforest ecosystem. In this work, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from a preservation soil area of the Brazilian Amazon Forest, without usage of any pesticide, was evaluated for its potential to degrade atrazine. This isolate presented all responsible genes (atzA, atzB, atzC, atzD, atzE, and atzF) for atrazine mineralization and demonstrated capacity to use atrazine as a nitrogen source, having achieved a reduction of 44 % of the initial concentration of atrazine after 24 h. These results confirm gene dispersion and/or a possible contamination of the area with the herbicide, which reinforces global concern of the increase and intensive use of pesticides worldwide. 相似文献
147.
Ramón Aznar Consuelo Sánchez-Brunete Beatriz Albero José Antonio Rodríguez José L. Tadeo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(6):4772-4782
This work describes the analysis of 15 pharmaceutical compounds, belonging to different therapeutic classes (anti-inflammatory/analgesics, lipid regulators, antiepileptics, β-blockers and antidepressants) and with diverse physical–chemical properties, in Spanish soils with different farmland uses. The studied compounds were extracted from soil by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and determined, after derivatization, by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC–MS). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.14 ng g?1 (naproxen) to 0.65 ng g?1 (amitriptyline). At least two compounds where detected in all samples, being ibuprofen, salicylic acid, and paracetamol, the most frequently detected compounds. The highest levels found in soil were 47 ng g?1 for allopurinol and 37 ng g?1 for salicylic acid. The influence of the type of crop and the sampling area on the levels of pharmaceuticals in soil, as well as their relationship with soil physical–chemical properties, was studied. The frequent and widespread detection of some of these compounds in agricultural soils show a diffuse contamination, although the low levels found do not pose a risk to the environment or the human health. 相似文献
148.
149.
Parvulastra exigua, a species that lacks a dispersive larva, is paradoxically one of the most widely distributed and abundant sea stars in Australia.
The potential that self-fertilization and successful development of self-generated progeny might contribute to population
maintenance in this species was investigated through induction of spawning in isolated individuals collected from five populations
near Sydney, New South Wales (34°S, 151°E), during the spawning period (August–October 2010, 2011). Evidence of selfing differed
significantly among the five populations but the level of selfing within individual egg masses did not. Overall, there was
a mean of 8.9% fertilization in egg masses with embryos. Some clutches developed to the juvenile stage while others arrested
development before hatching. The presence of miniscule testis tissue in gonads that appeared to be ovaries indicated that
hermaphroditism may be more common in some populations than indicated by anatomy. Mixed mating (selfing + outcrossing), pseudocopulation
during egg laying and developmental success of self-fertilized embryos may contribute to the ecological success of P. exigua. These might influence population genetic structure and would facilitate establishment of founder populations by a small
number of migrants. 相似文献
150.
Caserini Stefano Barreto Beatriz Lanfredi Caterina Cappello Giovanni Ross Morrey Dennis Grosso Mario 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(7):1231-1248
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - A new process to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, by combining commercial industrial technologies with ocean liming and CO2... 相似文献