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排序方式: 共有232条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Fabia Barbosa Silva Alan Carlos Costa Clarice Aparecida Megguer Júlien Silva Lima Priscila Ferreira Batista Deborah Amorim Martins Gabriel Martins Almeida Marisa Domingos Caroline Müller 《环境质量管理》2021,30(3):17-25
The economic basis of the Brazilian midwest is agriculture, concentrating most of the grain production in the country. With the purpose of increasing yield, farmers have intensified land use and the use of atrazine among other pesticides, which can supposedly compromise human health and photosynthetic metabolism of plant species from Cerrado, such as Handroanthus heptaphyllus. The aim of this study was to determine experimentally the sensitivity level of H. heptaphyllus to atrazine, by measuring gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, chloroplastidic pigments, and membrane permeability. The experiment was conducted in a factorial scheme. Nine‐month‐old H. heptaphyllus plants were treated with six realistic doses of atrazine: 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 g a.i. ha–1 (corresponding to 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100% of the commercial dose recommended for corn crops, respectively), with five replications. Evaluations were performed at 12, 36, 84, 180, and 276 h after treatment application. Photosynthesis, the effective quantum yield of photosystem II, and electron transport rate were gradually reduced by the action of atrazine. On the other hand, the nonphotochemical quenching increased gradually, which indicates that this mechanism was not sufficient to avoid oxidative stress and cellular damage in H. heptaphyllus treated plants. Based on these results, we concluded that the action of the herbicide in the photosynthetic reduction occurs by the electron transport rate limitation. Therefore, H. heptaphyllus trees are at risk in Cerrado areas next to agricultural lands. 相似文献
224.
Rui?RebeloEmail author Castro?Barbosa José?P.?Granadeiro Bucar?Indjai Bruno?Novais Gon?alo?M.?Rosa Paulo?Catry 《Marine Biology》2012,159(3):613-620
In marine turtles, the sex of an individual is determined by temperatures experienced during embryonic development. Gonad histological observation is still the only reliable way to determine hatchling sex, hampering the study of reproduction and of the demographic consequences of context-dependent sex-ratios, a subject of interest in a warming planet. We investigated whether hatchling remains from predation by Ocypode cursor can be used to estimate sex-ratio trends in a green turtle rookery at Poilão, Guinea-Bissau (10°52′N, 15°43′W). Sex could be readily determined in 77 and 79% of the predated hatchlings in 2008 and 2009, respectively. By comparing hatchlings killed by crabs, hatchlings accidentally dying on the reefs, and live hatchlings, we show that ghost crabs select the smaller prey, but do not select according to hatchling sex, which is explained by the lack of hatchling size dimorphism in this population. The proportion of male hatchlings was 0.45 ± 0.06 and 0.15 ± 0.06 for early and late-season clutches, respectively, these differences most likely being explained by rainfall. Using leftovers from predation by crabs may be a good solution to non-invasively monitor broad trends in sex-ratios of sea turtles. 相似文献
225.
Data on the performance of a horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass (HAIB) reactor subjected to step increases of organic loading rates (OLR) and to organic shock loads (OSL) are presented and discussed. The tubular reactor (100 cm long and 5 cm diameter) with a useful volume of 1995 mL was filled with polyurethane foam cubic matrices holding immobilized biomass and fed with synthetic wastewater. The reactor was operated at the controlled temperature of 30+/-1 degrees C and hydraulic retention time of 7 h. After about 15 days, the HAIB reactor attained operating stability. Thereafter, it was subjected to step increases of the applied OLR that ranged from 6.8 to 18.8 kg COD/m(3)d. After steady state had been achieved at each step, OSL corresponding to approximately three times the operating OLR were applied for 7 h. No disturbance was observed due to the step increase in OLR. An increase in effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentrations and a decrease in the percentage of methane in the biogas were observed due to OSL applications. However, stability of the monitoring parameters was always restored approximately 17 h after the application of OSL for all conditions tested. 相似文献
226.
Lourino-Cabana B Billon G Magnier A Prygiel E Baeyens W Prygiel J Mikkelsen O Ouddane B 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(8):2124-2133
The monitoring of dissolved zinc in the De?le river was undertaken at three different periods of the years 2008 and 2009. Electrolabile concentrations of Zn were estimated every 2 hours for several weeks by using an ATMS (Automatic Trace metal Monitoring System) based on voltammetric measurements using a solid Ag-Hg rotating disc working electrode. Complementary measurements were carried out with DGT (Diffusive Gradient in Thin films) pistons deployed directly in the river for 24 hours. Water samples filtrated at 0.45 μm were also analysed by HR-ICP-MS to estimate the total dissolved concentrations of zinc and other trace metals. High frequency monitoring of zinc over several weeks in the De?le river indicated that the concentration could change significantly over short time periods. Resuspension of polluted sediment and biological activities are two main factors that control the behaviour of zinc in the De?le river. Furthermore, in May 2009, daily cycles of the electrolabile zinc fraction have been observed at relatively constant total dissolved concentration. It is assumed that this particular behaviour of zinc is based on an exchange between colloids and/or nonelectrolabile forms and free cation and inorganic complexes at a daily time scale. 相似文献
227.
Fassiano Anabella Victoria March Hugo Santos Marina Juárez Ángela Beatriz Ríos de Molina María del Carmen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(21):31384-31399
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Imazethapyr, a selective systemic herbicide, is widely used in agriculture and it is frequently detected in water bodies close to application areas.... 相似文献
228.
Pereira Beatriz Salustiano de Freitas Caroline Vieira Rogerio Martins Brienzo Michel 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2022,24(6):2126-2140
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Fruit production worldwide is over 675 million tons per year. Brazil is responsible for the production of 43.6 million tons of fruits per year,... 相似文献
229.
de Oliveira Sueli Aparecida Camani Paulo Henrique da Silva Barbosa Rennan Felix Rocha Daniel Belchior Mitra Sushanta K. dos Santos Rosa Derval 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2022,30(1):270-294
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - There is a scientific consensus that the use of membranes for water filtration presents itself as a promising research area for removing a wide range of... 相似文献
230.
Carvalho Thayane Ferreira Carvalho Aline Cristina Zanuncio José Cola de Oliveira Marcio Leles Romarco Machado Evandro Luiz Mendonça José Anderson Cleiton Santos José Barbosa Pereira Israel Marinho 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(10):14195-14205
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pteridium aquilinum (Dennstaedtiaceae) colonization affects ecological and restoration processes. The knowledge of the impacts on the ecological... 相似文献