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21.
Giuseppa Di Bella Novella Cavallaro Vincenzo Lo Turco Patrizia Furci Rossana Rando Lara La Pera Giacomo Dugo 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,171(1-4):281-287
Two autochthonous clams, Venerupis aurea laeta and Cerastoderma edule/glaucum, collected for a period of 1 year, from May 2007 to January 2008, were studied in the Cape Peloro lagoon. On the samples, it was evaluated the presence of pathogenic microorganisms and proteins, lipids and yield edible part were determined. It was evaluated the concentration of mineral elements (Cd, Cu, Mn, Se, Pb, Zn) and organic contaminants (∑DDT and PCBs). Salmonella is never present in any sample. Total and faecal coliform values have always been under law limits for alive bivalves mussels production and sale. Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb levels were found in clams where they are slightly lower too. Both species do not show significant changes for Mn and Se. DDT and PCBs traces were discovered in Ganzirri Lake’ samples, but in all observed cases, they were below law limits. As a result of all these observations, it is clear that, in recent years, the bivalve’s use of Ganzirri Lake does not denote toxicological risk to human health. 相似文献
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We are pleased to have been asked to introduce this special issue of Natural Resources Forum dedicated to women and natural resources management. The issues discussed in the articles on water and energy resources, artisanal mining and sanitation, and how women can improve the management of their environment, were among the key concerns expressed at the Fourth World Conference on Women held in Beijing in September 1995. 相似文献
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Methane (CH4) diffuse emissions from Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills represent one of the most important anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gas. CH4 is produced by anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter in landfilled MSW and constitutes a major component of landfill gas (LFG). Gas recovery is a suitable method to effectively control CH4 emissions from landfill sites and the quantification of CH4 emissions represents a good tool to evaluate the effectiveness of a gas recovery system in reducing LFG emissions. In particular, LFG emissions can indirectly be evaluated from mass balance equations between LFG production, recovery and oxidation in the landfill, as well as by a direct approach based on LFG emission measurements from the landfill surface. However, up to now few direct measurements of landfill CH4 diffuse emissions have been reported in the technical literature. In the present study, both modeling and direct emission measuring methodologies have been applied to the case study of Bellolampo landfill located in Palermo, Italy. The main aim of the present study was to evaluate CH4 diffuse emissions, based on direct measurements carried out with the flux accumulation chamber (static, non-stationary) method, as well as to obtain the CH4 contoured flux map of the landfill. Such emissions were compared with the estimate achieved by means of CH4 mass balance equations. The results showed that the emissions obtained by applying the flux chamber method are in good agreement with the ones derived by the application of the mass balance equation, and that the evaluated contoured flux maps represent a reliable tool to locate areas with abnormal emissions in order to optimize the gas recovery system efficiency. 相似文献
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Three specialized cell types constitute the heterogeneous population present in the coelomic cavity fluid of sea urchins.
The list includes: phagocytes, which undergo a stress-induced petaloid-filopodial transition, white or red amoebocytes and
vibratile cells. As a whole, they act as the immune defense system of the sea urchin and respond to environmental and experimental
challenge triggering specific stress markers. Here we extended our studies on coelomocytes short-term cultures by describing
the morphology and occurrence of each cell type and analyzing their response to UV-B radiation at the biochemical level and
with respect to DNA damage. The effects of different doses, ranging from 500 to 2,000 J/m2, on cells, which were then cultured in vitro for 1–6 h were tested. As early as 1 h after irradiation we found an increase
in the levels of the heat shock protein70 (hsp) stress marker. A peak at 1,000 J/m2 corresponding to a 3.4-fold hsp70 increase over the levels of control coelomocytes was observed. Concurrently, we found an
increase in the number of apoptotic nuclei detected by Hoechst staining, which varied from 7.1 to 15.6% in cells that were
exposed to 500 and 2,000 J/m2, respectively. On the basis of our findings we confirm sea urchin coelomocytes as a sensitive cell culture system for environmental
studies and propose their use for the analysis on the effects of UV-B radiation.
Physical and Chemical Impacts on Marine Organisms, a Bilateral Seminar Italy-Japan held in November 2004.
This paper is dedicated to the memory of Aurelia Koros, Ph. D., University of Pittsburg, who committed her scientific life
to the study of natural killer cell antigens expressed in small lung carcinoma cells and sea urchin coelomocytes. 相似文献
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In this paper we analyse an ordination method in which spatial contiguity information is included. The original method, proposed by Ver Hoef and Glenn-Lewin (1989), is extended, using graphs to describe spatial contiguity for several sampling schemes where locations are given. Extensions for two dimensional grids and for the case of discrete measures of abundance are analysed. Applications to simulated transect frequency data and real data collected on a regular grid are reported. 相似文献
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C.?Angelini A.?Amaroli C.?FalugiEmail author G.?Di?Bella V.?Matranga 《Marine Biology》2003,143(4):623-628
The presence and function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in blood cells and plasma is well known. The enzyme activity is associated to red blood cell membranes, as well as to the perinuclear region of leucocytes, suggesting a role in the function of the latter. Recently coelomocytes, acknowledged progenitors of immune cells in vertebrate systems, have been shown to respond to stress conditions, both in laboratory experiments and field studies. Bearing in mind the similarity between coelomocytes and vertebrate blood cells, we investigated the presence of AChE activity in coelomocytes of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus characterized by specific inhibitors, in relation to cold stress induced in the laboratory. Exposure to stress was followed by electrophoretic analysis of AChE activity and Western blot analysis of AChE-like immunoreactivity. Moreover, quantitative analysis of the different molecular forms of AChE was carried out with the aid of a spectrophotometric method. The effects of stress on AChE activity were time dependent. In fact, the enzyme activity was detected by the catalytic activity in cleaving the substrate acetyl thiocholine iodide, which appears to be formed by different isoforms of the enzyme, compared to that of Electrophorus, which was used as a control. Western blot analyses showed the presence of different immunoreactive molecules, with molecular mass ranging from 265 kDa (corresponding to Electrophorus molecules) to about 180 kDa. According to quantitative analysis, the isoforms that were differentiated corresponded to an AChE with the capacity to cleave acetyl--methyl thiocholine iodide (the so-called true AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7, corresponding to the 265 kDa band) and to a ChE with the capacity to cleave propionyl thiocholine iodide as well. The latter is an ancestral form of AChE, mainly present in invertebrates. Each of these forms was affected differently by varying time exposures.Communicated by R. Cattaneo-Vietti, Genova 相似文献
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Mobilization of innovation and investment resources for environmental management in Russian federation regions 下载免费PDF全文
Alim Beslanovich Nagoev Violetta Valerievna Rokotyanskaya Bella Zaurbekovna Batova Fatima Ruslanovna Bischekova Madina Zurovna Hokonova 《环境质量管理》2018,27(4):47-54
Investments in environmental management and environmental protection have a decisive influence on the future of a region and its place in the economic development of the country as a whole. In this article, the principal differences between investment in environmental management and the financing of other projects are discussed. It is proven that, at present, the investment policy in the field of environmental protection of a region is oriented primarily toward current results. In such cases, it is possible to achieve only short‐term goals, and ultimately, to miss the prospect of further conservation of resources. Hence, short‐term investments in environmental protection activities and the achievement of rapid results are replaced by the commitment to promising, long‐term strategic growth. This article notes that the most effective form of implementing environmental monitoring is through environmental auditing, as auditing is performed at the expense of customers and does not require public financing. Furthermore, the effects of implementing environmental policies based on the results of environmental auditing can be even more significant than the results achieved under the State's environmental protection measures 相似文献
30.
Licata P Naccari F Dugo G Fotia V Lo Turco V Potorti AG Di Bella G 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(5):2881-2892
In the present study, we investigated the concentrations and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCs) and polychlorinated
biphenyls (PCBs) in intestine, liver, and muscle samples of 11 common buzzards (Buteo buteo) from Sicily used as bioindicator for monitoring pollution in environment. All samples of common buzzards were collected
at the “Recovery Center of Wild Fauna” of Palermo, through the Zooprophilactic Institute. Quantitative determination of OCs
and PCBs in the samples examined has been carried out using HRGC-ECD and GC-MS. The results obtained show the presence of
concentrations of ∑DDT and ∑PCB in almost all samples. Regarding ∑DDT (4,4′-DDE, 2,4′-DDD, 4,4′-DDD, 2,4′-DDT, and 4,4′-DDT), the highest concentrations were found in intestine (0.411 ± 0.050 μg/g) followed by muscle (0.130 ± 0.017 μg/g) and
liver samples (0.109 ± 0.014 μg/g). As regards the ∑PCB congeners (PCB-28, PCB-52, PCB-95, PCB-99, PCB-101, PCB-110, PCB-138,
PCB-146, PCB-149, PCB-151, PCB-153, PCB-170, PCB-177, PCB-180, PCB-183, and PCB-187), the highest concentrations were found
in intestine (1.686 ± 0.144 μg/g) followed by liver (1.064 ± 0.162 μg/g) and muscle samples (0.797 ± 0.078 μg/g). Our data
deserve particular attention not only for their significance but especially because they were recorded in Sicily, a region
with a very low risk of environmental pollution due to the shortage of industries. 相似文献