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161.
边归国 《中国ISO14000认证》2011,(1):58-62
近年来,我国甲藻赤潮和水华经常发生,致使生态系统进一步恶化。根据国内外有关的研究报道,进行了综合评估分析,为在不同环境条件下,相应地采取生物、物理和化学等方法应急处置甲藻赤潮和水华提供参考。 相似文献
162.
163.
Particle size distribution and pollutants in road-deposited sediments in different areas of Zhenjiang,China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
An understanding of road-deposited sediment (RDS) characteristics on an impervious surface is essential to estimate pollutant
washoff characteristics and to minimise the impacts of pollutants on the water environment. A total of 62 RDS samples were
collected from four different land-use types (commercial, residential, intense traffic and riverside park) in Zhenjiang City,
China. The samples were fractionated into seven grain-size classes and analysed for particle size distribution and concentrations
of pollutants. The samples are found to consist predominantly of fine particles (60–80%, <250 μm). The maximum mean concentrations
of zinc, lead and copper were 686.93, 589.19 and 158.16 mg/kg, respectively, with the highest metal concentrations found in
samples from the intense traffic area. The maximum mean contents of organic matter (12.55%), nitrogen (6.31 mg/g) and phosphorus
(5.15 mg/g) were found in samples from the commercial area. The concentrations of heavy metals were highest in the smallest
particle size fraction analysed (63 μm). The organic matter and nitrogen content generally increased with decreasing particle
sizes in the <500-μm particle size range. The results also revealed that most of the total nitrogen (TN) is attached to the
finer sediments and that to effectively reduce TN loads in particulates, treatment facilities must be able to remove the finer
particles (down to 125 μm for TN). 相似文献
164.
165.
S.A. Edgerton X. Bian J.C. Doran J.D. Fast J.M. Hubbe E.L. Malone 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(10):1221-1229
ABSTRACT PM10, PM25, precursor gas, and upper-air meteorological measurements were taken in Mexico City, Mexico, from February 23 to March 22, 1997, to understand concentrations and chemical compositions of the city's particulate matter (PM). Average 24-hr PM10 concentrations over the period of study at the core sites in the city were 75 H g/m3. The 24-hr standard of 150 μ g/m3 was exceeded for seven samples taken during the study period; the maximum 24-hr concentration measured was 542 μ g/m3. Nearly half of the PM10 was composed of fugitive dust from roadways, construction, and bare land. About 50% of the PM10 consisted of PM2.5, with higher percentages during the morning hours. Organic and black carbon constituted up to half of the PM2.5. PM concentrations were highest during the early morning and after sunset, when the mixed layers were shallow. Meteorological measurements taken during the field campaign show that on most days air was transported out of the Mexico City basin during the afternoon with little day-to-day carryover. 相似文献
166.
Yang X Jiang X Yu G Yao F Bian Y Wang F 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2007,148(2):555-561
The leaf-air transfer of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in three kinds of vegetables, namely lettuce, romaine and garlic leaves was investigated. It was found that although the uptake of OCPs by the three selected vegetables was similar under controlled conditions, the depuration varied significantly among chemicals and plant species in terms of elimination rate, final residue of each OCPs, as well as the effect of temperature on the residue of OCPs in the vegetables. The results indicated that neither QCB nor HCB could be trapped tightly by any of the three selected vegetables, in contrast, p,p'-DDT could be retained effectively by all of them; the retainment of alpha-HCH, gamma-HCH, p,p'-DDE, was dependent on the vegetable species, of which the garlic leaf had the biggest ability to trap them. Our work provided insight into the behavior of OCPs in the agroecosystem. 相似文献
167.
The effect of chlorpyrifos added in irrigation water to a red soil from Central South China on the growth of wheat and oilseed rape seedlings, together with its uptake, was studied in a pot experiment. Addition of chlorpyrifos (1-10 microg g-1) in a single irrigation with distilled water resulted in absorption of chlorpyrifos by wheat (0.257-4.50 microg g-1) and also oilseed rape seedlings (0.249-2.02 microg g-1) during 20 d of plant growth. An initial concentration of chlorpyrifos in soil that is equivalent to or below 10 microg g-1 did not significantly influence the growth of wheat seedlings. Similarly, an initial concentration equivalent to or below 5 microg g-1 did not significantly influence the growth of oilseed rape seedlings. The degradation rate of chlorpyrifos was 1.4-4.2 times larger in oilseed rape rhizosphere soil than in unvegetated soil. The numbers of bacteria and fungi in oilseed rape rhizosphere soil were 3.18 times and 1.84 times larger, respectively, than those in unvegetated soil. This helps to explain the difference in degradation rates obtained. 相似文献
168.
Based on the theory of ecological footprint this paper analyzed the ecological economic system in Funing County in the view
of demands of economic system to natural resource and supply of ecosystem for natural resources. It was proposed that the
concept of ecological deficit (ecological remainder) per ten thousands yuan GDP be used to evaluate development of ecological
economic system. With a synthesis appraisement to the ecological economic system using entire-array-polygon method combined
with Ulanowicz development ability and with ecological deficit (ecological remainder) per ten thousands yuan GDP, it provids
a theoretical base for reconstructing and managing of demonstration eco-region. 相似文献
169.
卞有生 《生态与农村环境学报》1999,(1)
以北京市留民营农业生态工程为例,从系统中能量流动分析出发,阐述了能量摄取效率、同化效率、生长效率和利用效率的概念和计算方法,指出通过生态效率计算,指导系统调控,对于提高生产效益的重要作用。 相似文献
170.
农业生态工程中的价值流分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
阐述了价值流研究分析对建议农业生态工程的意义,及对提高生产力的作用,并通过胜利油田生态农场1990年价值流的分析,比较了生态农场价值产投比,产值优势度,货币效益,阐述了管理对价值流的控制作用。 相似文献