氯咪巴唑在臭氧降解过程中的影响因素及其降解产物

唑类抗真菌剂广泛应用于药物和个人护理品(pharmaceutical and personal care products,PPCPs)中,常规污水处理工艺难以将其有效去除. 大量唑类抗真菌剂排入受纳环境后会对生态系统造成一系列负面影响. 为了解唑类抗真菌剂的臭氧氧化降解过程和机理,以氯咪巴唑(climbazole,CZ)为例,通过设置不同条件的对比试验,系统研究CZ在臭氧氧化过程中的影响因素及其去除规律,同时采用超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用仪UPLC-Q/TOF对其降解产物进行鉴定. 影响因素试验结果表明:①CZ起始浓度由1.0 mg/L增至4.0 mg/L时,臭氧氧化20 min下CZ的降解率从99.1%降至69.3%;②反应体系起始pH由5.0升至9.0时,CZ臭氧降解半衰期由1.38 min延长至7.18 min;③臭氧流速由0.1 L/min增至0.4 L/min时,臭氧氧化20 min时CZ的降解率从66.5%提至99.4%,但臭氧流速超过0.3 L/min以后,CZ降解率的增幅较小;④自然水体及其高浓度共存组分(碳酸氢根和腐殖酸)均会明显抑制CZ的臭氧氧化反应速率,CZ降解半衰期大多数超过6 min (空白对照组为1.99 min). 因此,在臭氧氧化降解新兴有机污染物或对臭氧氧化工艺进行优化时,应充分考虑起始污染负荷、pH、臭氧流速、水体水质状况等对处理效果的影响. 产物鉴定结果表明:臭氧氧化反应可将CZ碎裂重组形成两个主要降解产物——TP269和TP297,二者的产率分别为11.45%和8.90%. 研究显示,起始污染负荷、pH、臭氧流速、水体水质状况均会明显影响CZ的臭氧降解效果;两个CZ臭氧降解产物的产率虽不高,但其毒性有待进一步研究.      

浅议我国东部矿区的生态重建技术

分析了引起华东地区矿区生态系统奴化的主要原因，并有针对性地提出了一些生态重建技术。其中包括：煤矸石、粉煤灰充填复垦，疏排法复垦，盐渍化土壤改良、水土流失防治，植被恢复和重建矿井废水治理等技术。这些技术是这一地区矿区生态重建技术体系中的主要技术。     

Advances in the application of crop residues as aggregates and cementing materials in concrete

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - There is a wide variety of crop residues, and their application in concrete can promote green low-carbon development and environmental protection....     

Simplified creation of polyester fabric supported Fe-based MOFs by an industrialized dyeing process: Conditions optimization, photocatalytics activity and polyvinyl alcohol removal

MIL-53(Fe) was successfully prepared and deposited on the surface carboxylated polyester (PET) fiber by an optimized conventional solvothermal or industrialized high temperature pressure exhaustion (HTPE) process to develop a PET fiber supported MIL-53(Fe) photocatalyst ([email protected]) for the degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in water under light emitting diode (LED) visible irradiation. On the basis of several characterizations, [email protected] was tested for the photocalytic ability and degradation mechanism. It was found that temperature elevation significantly enhanced the formation and deposition of MIL-53(Fe) with better photocatalytic activity. However, higher temperature than 130°C was not in favor of its photocatalytic activity. Increasing the number of surface carboxyl groups of the modified PET fiber could cause a liner improvement in MIL-53(Fe) loading content and photocatalytic ability. High visible irradiation intensity also dramatically increased photocatalytic ability and PVA degradation efficiency of [email protected] Na₂S₂O₈ was used to replace H₂O₂ as electron acceptor for further promoting PVA degradation in this system. [email protected] prepared by HTPE process showed higher MIL-53(Fe) loading content and slightly lower PVA degradation efficiency than that prepared by solvothermal process at the same conditions. These findings provided a practical strategy for the large-scale production of the supported MIL-53(Fe) as a photocatalyst in the future.     

Formation mechanism of hydrogeochemical characterization of mineral water in Antu County,Changbai Mountain area

Antu County in the Changbai Mountains is an important source of mineral water, but there is a lack of research on the source of groundwater characteristic components, affecting the protection of water resources. This study obtained hydrochemical and isotopic data (28 groups in total, April and September in 2019) by summarizing research and sampling data in order to identify the formation process of characteristics. The formation mechanism of the characteristic components was revealed using geostatistical, isotopic, and hydrogeochemical inversion simulations. The results show that the metasilicic acid is a common component of groundwater water chemistry in the study area. The water body primarily receives stable recharge from low-mineralized precipitation with ages ranging from 27.7 to 38.4 years and recharge elevations ranging from 1160 to 2393 m, providing ample time for water–rock interaction. The dissolution of olivine, pyroxene, albite, and other siliceous minerals is the source of characteristic components, and deep faults and deep basalt heat flow are the key conditions for the formation of metasilicic acid. When low-mineralized precipitation recharges the underground aquifer, it dissolves the silica-aluminate and silicon-containing minerals in the surrounding rocks through the water–rock action under the effect of CO₂, causing a large amount of metasilic acid to dissolve into the groundwater and forming metasilic acid-type mineral water.