江苏省海岸带近30年人类干扰指数时空变化特征

为探究县级以上海岸带区域人类干扰指数（human interference index, HII）的时空变化特征及生态意义,本文利用遥感数据和地理信息系统技术,对HII计算方法进行一定的改进,使其更适合大范围研究区的计算,并分析了1990-2020年江苏省海岸带HII的时空变化特征及其关键驱动因素,最后以HII与选取的代表性指标的相关性分析结果探讨了HII的生态意义。研究结果表明：（1）研究区内各县、市HII在空间分布上,由北向南呈先下降、后升高、再下降的趋势,1990年、2000年、2010年和2020年研究区的HII为0.2800、0.3620、0.1804、0.2917;(2)人工建筑的扩张和滩涂围垦是影响HII高值区空间分布的关键驱动因素;（3）相关性分析结果表明,研究区内的斑块经历了集聚到破碎化再到集聚的过程,且HII具有一定的生态意义。本研究结果可为江苏省海岸带地区人类活动的调控和生态系统管理提供更多的空间信息和理论指导,也为计算大尺度空间的HII提供了思路。     

电泳油漆废水凝聚处理研究

以高浓度电泳漆废水用酸性凝聚和碱性凝聚进行处理研究，应用结果表明，在控制ＰＨ＝２．５～３条件下进行酸性凝聚，ＣＯＤ去除率可达９１％～９３％酸性凝聚后出水，与低浓度废水混合，再用ＰＦＳ为凝聚剂，控制ＰＨ＝７～９，进行凝聚气浮处理，可使排放水质中ＣＯＤ，ＰＨ，ＳＳ和色度稳定达标。     

我国企业突发环境应急预案编制的研究

指出当前企业突发环境应急预案编制过程中存在的主要问题。对加强编制人员素质、做好风险源和风险物质管理,明确做什么、谁来做、怎么做,实现事件分级、预警级别、应急响应和信息报告等提出了建议。对强化实用性、完整性、规范性、可行性、衔接性的评估、规范现场处置六个程序和细化专项预案七项内容等方面进行研究,提出符合国家法律、法规要求、规范性的企业突发环境事件应急预案编制方法。     

油田作业废水高效处理技术中试研究

文章根据新疆油田作业废水特征及油田地处干旱区的地理特点,结合国内外含聚合物污水处理的技术现状,以及油田连续生产稳定运行的要求,在含油污水处理技术的基础上,开展了作业废水处理关键技术研究和工艺优化,采用了"隔油—絮凝气浮—深层过滤"技术。中试试验结果表明:处理后废水COD_(Cr)、石油类、SS可分别由680 mg/L、98.6 mg/L、56.2 mg/L降至98.8 mg/L、5.4 mg/L、4.5 mg/L,去除率分别为85.5%、94.5%、92.0%。     

吸附法油气回收系统在成品油库中的应用

介绍了活性炭吸附法油气回收系统在成品油库汽油装车过程中的应用情况。结合油库油气回收改造的实际情况,重点介绍了了吸附法油气回收装置的工艺流程、油库油气回收系统的组成、监控系统主要功能、环保检测的相关事项,并分析了油气回收系统的经济效益,结合实际经验对油库油气回收改造提出了建议。     

闪速炉烟尘收尘装置的改造

简要概述了闪速炉气力输送系统收尘装置的改造和圆筒型布袋收尘装置在气力输送系统中使用的效果.     

Composition analysis and application of degradation products of whole feathers through a large scale of fermentation

Purpose

Feathers are one of the most abundant bioresources. They are discarded as waste in most cases and could cause environmental pollution. On the other hand, keratin constituted by amino acids is the main component of feathers. In this article, we reported on biorefined feathers and integrants and application of degraded products.

Materials and methods

The fermentation of whole chicken feathers with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DHHJ in a scale-up of a 5-L bioreactor was investigated in this article. The fermentation process was controlled at 0.08 MPa pressure, 2.5 L/min airflow, and 300 rpm as 100% oxygen saturation level, 40°C, and pH 7.8.

Results

Feathers were almost completely degraded in the tested fermentation reaction with the following conditions: 80 g of whole feathers in 3 L fermentation broth for 72 h, seed age of 16 h, 100 mL inoculation amount, and 50% oxygen saturation level. The degraded products contain 397.1 mg/L soluble protein that has mass weight ranging from 10 to 160 kD, 336.9 mg/L amino acids, and many kinds of metal ions. The fermentation broth was evaluated as leaf fertilizer and found to increase plant growth to 82% or 66% for two- or fourfold dilutions, respectively. In addition, in a hair care assay, the broth showed a hair protective function by increasing weight, flexibility, and strength of the treated hair.

Conclusions

The whole feathers were degraded completely by S. maltophilia DHHJ. The degraded product includes many factors to life, such as peptides, amino acids, and mineral elements. It could be applied as leaf fertilizer and hair care product.     

On the effective hydraulic conductivity and macrodispersivity for density-dependent groundwater flow

In this paper, semi-analytical expressions of the effective hydraulic conductivity ( $K^{E})$ and macrodispersivity ( $\alpha ^{E})$ for 3D steady-state density-dependent groundwater flow are derived using a stationary spectral method. Based on the derived expressions, we present the dependence of $K^{E}$ and $\alpha ^{E}$ on the density of fluid under different dispersivity and spatial correlation scale of hydraulic conductivity. The results show that the horizontal $K^{E}$ and $\alpha ^{E}$ are not affected by density-induced flow. However, due to gravitational instability of the fluid induced by density contrasts, both vertical $K^{E}$ and $\alpha ^{E}$ are found to be reduced slightly when the density factor ( $\gamma $ ) is less than 0.01, whereas significant decreases occur when $\gamma $ exceeds 0.01. Of note, the variation of $K^{E}$ and $\alpha ^{E}$ is more significant when local dispersivity is small and the correlation scale of hydraulic conductivity is large.     

自来水中痕量挥发性有机物的测定

近十年来,水中污染物的鉴定及分析逐渐引起了人们的重视,BOD、COD及TOC指标的测定只能说明有机污染物的存在,并不能提供关于污染物分子结构特性及其毒性的重要信息.水中原来就不同程度地含有一些有机和无机化合物,经过自来水厂氯化处理后会形成一系列挥发性有机卤化物,其中有些是已知的致癌物.因此,饮用水氯化处理与人体健康的关系受到人们的密切关注,水中痕量有机挥发物的分析已成为环境化学研究中的重大课题之一.填充柱GC/ECD测定法由于柱容量大,而且有较高的分析灵敏度,所以适合水中挥发性卤化物的常规测定,但是对复杂组分的分离不甚理想,